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تأملی بر پیوندهای قبیلهای شاهان هخامنشی و نقش آن در تحکیم و تداوم شاهنشاهی با تکیه بر دو قبیلة اوکسی و پاتیشوری | ||
| پژوهش‌های علوم تاریخی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 15، خرداد 1396، صفحه 1-19 اصل مقاله (799.18 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhss.2018.232049.472810 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| علی بهادری* | ||
| استادیار گروه باستان‌شناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| معروف است که یکی از اقدامات مثبت و عملی شاهان هخامنشی در مواجهه با فرهنگ سرسخت قبیلهای منطقة جنوب غرب ایران از یکسو و نیاز به جلب حمایت قبایل و وحشت از شورش آنان از سوی دیگر برقراری پیوندهای خانوادگی به شکل ازدواجهای سیاسی با مهمترین رهبران قبایل بود. ارتباط سیاسی و خویشاوندی داریوش اول (۴۸۶ـ۵۲۲ ق.م) با گبریاس یکی از همدستانش در سرنگونی گئوماته/ بردیا و رهبر قبیلة پاتیشوری، یکی از قبایل قدرتمند منطقه یادآور رابطة داریوش سوم (۳۳۰ـ۳۳۵ ق.م) واپسین شاه هخامنشی با ماداتس رهبر اوکسیها یکی از قبایل سرکش همین منطقه است. مقالة حاضر با مطالعة تطبیقی دو مورد فوق سعی میکند نشان دهد که دستگاه سیاسی هخامنشی چگونه با ایجاد اتحادیههای قبیلهای تحت رهبری معتمدین شاه به تقویت قدرت خود و تداوم آن در طول بیش از دو قرن برمیآمد. مطالعة پیوندهای قبیلهای شاهان هخامنشی به این پیشنهاد ختم میشود که داریوش سوم احتمالاً تباری اوکسی داشته است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| قبیله؛ دولت؛ اوکسی؛ پاتیشوری؛ گلنبشتههای تخت جمشید | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Tribal Connections of Achaemenid Kings and Consolidation of the Persian Empire: Uxians and Patischorians | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Bahadori | ||
| Assistant Professor, Department of Archeology, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The region of southwest Iran where many Persian and non-Persian tribes lived during the Achaemenid period was crucial for the Achaemenid state especially in that almost all roads connecting the two imperial capitals of the empire run through this region. The policy used by the Achaemenid state for controlling this tribal region with its communication roads was to establish tribal confederations headed by a close relative of the king. Madates and Gobryas were among two leaders of these tribal confederations: Uxian and Patischorian (OP: Pātišuvariš). The Great Kings tried to reinforce these state-created tribal confederations by political marriages even until the end of the Persian Empire. Sisygambis the mother of Darius III called by the Greeks authors as a non-Achaemenid king was an Uxian woman married by Arsanes an Achaemenid prince. This is why she negotiated Alexander to free the Uxians under Madates a relative of Darius. Gobryas the head of Patischorian tribe was one of the seven who rebelled against Bardiya/Gaumāta. Based on the Persepolis Fortification texts, the region between modern Bāsht and Ardakān called Fahliyān or Shulestān (Šullaggi) was the territory occupied by this tribe. The Gobryas family and their agents possessed lands and estates in this region. Irdabama the daughter of Gobryas born from his marriage with daughter of a local dynast was married by Darius I in order to controlthisregion.She,like Sisygambisof Uxiana, owned economic interests in the form of estates and storehouses at Šullaggi granted by the king. The seven is derived from tribal structure of Achaemenid state and society. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Tribe, government, ocsi, patishouri, Persepolis flowers | ||
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