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ارزیابی آبیاری معمولی و سریالی با زهاب بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و بهره‌وری آب مصرفی ذرت، سویا و آفتابگردان | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 20، دوره 48، شماره 3، مهر 1396، صفحه 679-688 اصل مقاله (548.44 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.211863.667501 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد عزیزی1؛ محمد الباجی* 2؛ سعید برومندنسب1 | ||
| 1گروه آبیاری و زهکشی ،دانشکدة مهندسی علوم آب ،دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی استفاده از زهاب به‌صورت آبیاری سریالی، تحقیقی در سال‌های 1394-1393 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز انجام شد. بدین منظور قطعه زمینی با طول 30 متر و عرض 24 متر انتخاب و به سه قطعه A، B و C تقسیم شد. در قطعه A ذرت، در قطعه B سویا و در قطعه C آفتابگردان کشت شد و زهاب هر قطعه برای آبیاری قطعه بعد استفاده می‌شد. طرح آزمایشی در قطعه B به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کاملاً تصادفی با تیمارهای نوع آبیاری (آب کارون و زهاب) و کود اوره (100%، 75% و 50% نیاز کودی) در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. طرح آزمایشی در قطعه C مشابه قطعه B بود ولی 75% سطح کود اوره در نظر گرفته نشد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس برای گیاه سویا نشان داد که برهمکنش نوع آب آبیاری و نیتروژن بر عملکرد رویشی و بهره‌وری بیولوژیکی آب اثر معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد (P<0.01) و بر وزن تر علوفه در سطح 5 درصد (P<0.05) داشت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس برای گیاه آفتابگردان نشان داد که برهمکنش نوع آبیاری و سطح مصرف کود نیتروژن نیز بر وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه و بهره‌وری آب دانه در سطح 5 درصد (P<0.05) اثر معنی‌داری نشان داد. به‌طورکلی، برتری سیستم آبیاری سریالی با زهاب (با استفاده متوالی از زه آب) نسبت به آبیاری معمولی در میزان صرفه‌جویی آب با کیفیت مطلوب به میزان 59/45 درصد و افزایش بهره‌وری آب به میزان حداقل 2 برابر در این تحقیق مشاهده شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زهکشی؛ زه‌آب؛ کشت متوالی؛ کود اوره | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Sequential (with drain water) and Normal Irrigation on Yield, Yield Criteria and Water Productivity of Corn, Soybean and Sunflower | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Azizi1؛ Mohammad Albaji2؛ Saeid Broman Nasab1 | ||
| 1Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| 2Assistant professor, Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate using effluent (as sequential irrigation), a study was conducted at research farm at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz (located at latitude 31˚ 18’, longitude 48˚ 39’ and elevation 18m) during 2014-2015. Regarding to this purpose, a farm (with long 30m and width 24m) was selected and divided into 3 parts (A, B and C). Corn, soybean and sunflower were cultivated in parts A, B and C, respectively and effluent was used for irrigation of next parts. In part B, a split-plot design as randomized complete blocks with two treatments: irrigation type (Karun River and effluent) and urea fertilizer (100%, 75% and 50% application) was applied. Experiment design in part C was similar to part B except at 75% urea fertilizer. ANOVA results for soybean revealed that interaction between irrigation type and urea levels had significant effects on growth yield and biological water productivity (P<0.01) and fresh leaf weight (P<0.05). ANOVA results for sunflower showed that interaction between irrigation type and urea levels had significant effects on 100-seed weight, seed yield and seed water productivity (P<0.05). In general, it was found that sequential irrigation saved water and increased water productivity as 45.59% and 100%, respectively, compared to normal irrigation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Drainage, Drain, Sequential Cultivation, Urea fertilizer | ||
| مراجع | ||
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