پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 6,225 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,685 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 114,989,422 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,659,451 |
Assessment of Rangeland Degradation Indicators using Exploiters’ View between Authorized and Unauthorized Exploiters (Case Study: Saryqmish Winter Rangelands, Golestan Province, Iran) | ||
| Desert | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 21، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 1، مهر 2016، صفحه 105-113 اصل مقاله (565.28 K) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jdesert.2016.60346 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| B. Behmanesh1؛ A. Abedi Sarvestani2؛ M. Sharafatmandrad* 3؛ M.R. Shahraki4؛ A. Hajili-Davaji5 | ||
| 1Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Agricultural Extension and Education, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 3Natural Resources Department, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran | ||
| 4Researcher and Lecturer, Saee Institute of Higher Education, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 5Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In recent years, large rangeland areas have been destroyed for various reasons, so that its negative impacts on local people's income and sustainable livelihood are become significant. Due to the fact that signs of negative or downward trends in the rangelands condition are being revealed prior to the complete degradation, a study was done to identify these sings and evaluate their importance in Saryqmish rangelands, Marave Tape County, Golestan Province, Iran. Data were gathered using direct and participant observations. Based on rangeland degradation indicators extracted from literature and interviews, a questionnaire was drawn up under which the respondents were asked to rate the importance of rangeland degradation indicators in two different scales: 5-point Likert-type scale and a 20-point scale. The results showed that "vegetation" with 68.9% and 53.3%, and "climate" with 48.9% and 77.8% are known as the indicators with medium and high importance in rangeland degradation, respectively. In other words, exploiters known climate and vegetation more important than other indicators in rangeland degradation. The results indicated that exploiters consider "reducing production plants" and "reduce the number of annual plants and grass" as the first priorities for assessing rangeland degradation Statistical comparison of the rangeland degradation indicators between authorized and unauthorized users pointed out that there were no significant differences between these two groups in assessed rangelands degradation indicators. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Rangelands؛ Degradation Indicators؛ Authorized Exploiters؛ Unauthorized Exploiters؛ Saryqmish | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abate, T., A. Ebro, L. Nigatu, 2010. Traditional rangeland resource utilization practices and pastoralists’ perceptions on land degradation in south-east Ethiopia. Tropical Grasslands, 44; 202-212.
Agudelo, C., B. Rivera, J. Tabasco, R. Estrada, 2003. Designing policies to reduce rural poverty and environmental degradation in a hillside zone of the Colombian Andes. World development, 31(11); 19-24.
Ahmad, S., M. Islam, S.N. Mirza, 2012. Rangeland degradation and management approaches in Balochistan, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44; 127-136.
Ahmadi Iikhchi, A., M.A. Hajabbassi, A. Jalalian, 2003. Effects of converting range to dry-farming land on runoff and soil loss and quality in Dorahan, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province. Journal of. Water and Soil Science, 6(4); 103-115
Angassa, A., G. Oba, 2008. Herder perceptions on impacts of range enclosures, crop farming, fire ban and bush encroachment on the rangelands of Borana, southern Ethiopia. Human Ecology, 36; 201–215.
Augustine, D.J., S.J. Naughton, 2004. Regulation of shrub dynamics by native browsing ungulates on East African rangeland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41; 45–58.
Bedunah, D.J., J.P. Angerer, 2012. Rangeland Degradation, Poverty, and Conflict: How Can Rangeland Scientists Contribute to Effective Responses and Solutions? Rangeland Ecology and Management, 65(6); 606-612.
Darwish, T., G. Faour, 2008. Rangeland degradation in two watersheds of Lebanon. Lebanese Science Journal, 9(1); 71-80.
Dejene, A., E.K. Shishira, P.Z. Yanda, F.H. Johnsen, 1997. Land Degradation: perception from the Village, World Bank. Wahington,D.C.
De Martonne, E. 1926. Aréisme et indice artidite. Comptes Rendus de L’Acad Sci, Paris, 182; 1395-1398.
Desta, S., D.L. Coppock, 2002. Cattle population dynamics in the southern Ethiopian rangelands. Journal of Range Management, 55; 439–451.
Flather, C.H., S.H. Sieg, 2000. Applicability of Montreal process criterion – conservation of biological diversity- to rangeland sustainability. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 7; 81-96.
FRW. 2016. Rangelands. Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization. http://frw.org.ir/00/En/StaticPages/Page.aspx?tid= 13240 (last access: 14 APR 2016).
Hamadeh, S. 2002. Feeding calendar and grazing survey and development of rangeland management options for target areas in Northern Beka’a. Consultancy Report-GEF/UNDP Project on “Conservation and sustainable use of dryland agrobiodiversity in the Near East”.
Hubert, G. 2003. Land degradation assessment in Drylands. Land and Water Development Devision, FAO.
Jafari, M., M. Ebrahimi, H. Azarnivand, A. Madahi, 2009. The effects of rangeland restoration treatments on some aspects of soil and vegetation parameters (Case study: Sirjan rangelands). Rangeland, 3(3); 371-384.
Khwarae, G.M. 2006. Community perceptions of rangeland degradation and management systems in Loologane and Shadishadi, Kweneng North, Botswana. MSc Thesis in Management of Natural Resources and Sustainable Agriculture. Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric) Norwegian, University of Life Sciences. Universitetet for Miljø- og biovitenskap (UMB).
Kisamba-Mugerwa, W. 2001. Rangelands management policy in UGANDA. International conference on policy and institutional options for the management of rangelands in dry areas. Hammamet, Tunisia.
Macharia, P.N. 2004. Community based interventions as a strategy to combat desertification in the arid and semi-arid rangelands of Kajiado district, Kenya. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 99; 141–147.
Mapinduzi, L.A., G. Oba, B.R. Weladji, E.J. Colman, 2003. Use of indigenous ecological knowledge of the Maasai pastoralists for assessing rangeland biodiversity in Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology, 41; 329-336.
Milton, S.J., W.R.J. Dean, M.A.D. Plessis, W.R. Siegfried, 1994. A conceptual model of arid rangeland degradation. Bioscience, 44; 70–76.
Moges, A., N.M. Holden, 2007. Farmers’ perceptions of soil erosion and soil fertility loss in Southern Ethiopia, Land Degradation and Development, 18;543–554.
Nasreen, M., K.M. Hossain, D.K. Kundu, 2006. The Interrelationship between Poverty, Environment and Sustainable Development in Bangladesh: An Overview. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, 3(2); 50-70.
Oba, G., D.G. Kotile, 2001. Assessments of landscape level degradation in southern Ethiopia: pastoralists versus ecologists. Land Degradation and Development, 12; 461–475.
Oba, G. 2012. Harnessing pastoralists' indigenous knowledge for rangeland management: three African case studies. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice, 2:1.
Okoba, B.O., G. Sterk, 2006. Farmers’ identification of erosion indicators and related erosion damage in the Central Highlands of Kenya. Catena, 65; 292-301.
Rahimi Sooreh, R., H. Sadeghi, 2005. Calculation and analysis of the factors affecting the production performance of assigned range plans (the privatization of the rangelands), case study: Provinces Khorasan, Yazd and West Azerbaijan. Agricultural Economic and Development, 52; 32-65.
Rajabi, J., A. Firooz Zare, K. Salampour, 2010. Assessment of factors affecting rangeland degradation and economic evaluation of rangeland restoration project planting (Case study: Zanjan city). Fourth specialized conference of environmental engineering.
Reed, M.S. 2005. Participatory rangeland monitoring and management in the Kalahari, Botswana. PhD thesis, University of Leeds.
Reed, M.S., A.J. Dougill, 2002. Participatory selection process for indicators of rangeland condition in the Kalahari. The Geographical Journal, 168(3); 1-12.
Roba, H.G., G. Oba, 2009. Efficacy of integrating herder knowledge and ecological methods for monitoring rangeland degradation in Northern Kenya. Human Ecology, 37; 588-612.
Roques, K.G., T.G. O’Connor, A.R. Watkinson, 2001. Dynamics of shrub encroachment in an African savanna: relative influences of fire, herbivory, rainfall and density dependence. Journal of Applied Ecology, 38; 268–280.
Saad, A.M.A., N.M. Shariff, S. Gairola, 2011. Nature and causes of land degradation and desertification in Libya: need for sustainable land management. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(63); 13680–13687.
Sharifinia, Z., M. Mahdavi, 2011. The role of social and rural economic poverty in the environment destruction (Case study: the surveyed pasture of shoorrood in shibab district of zabol township). Human Geography Research Quarterly, 76; 67-84.
Sinha, R.K., S. Bhatia, R. Vishnoi, 1997. Desertification control and rangeland management in the Thar desert of India. Rala report no. 200. Indira Gandhi Centre for Human Ecology, Environment and Population Studies, Rajasthan University, Jaipur-302004 (INDIA).
Tefera, S., H.A. Snyman, G.N. Smit, 2007. Rangeland dynamics in southern Ethiopia: Botanical composition of grasses and soil characteristics in relation to land-use and distance from water in semi-arid Borana rangelands. Journal of Environmental Management, 85; 429–442.
Turner, N.J., B. Ignace, R. Ignace, 2000 Traditional ecological knowledge and wisdom of aboriginal peoples in British Columbia. Ecological Applications, 10; 1275–1287.
Yan, Z., W. Ning, Y. Dorji, R. Jia, 2005. A review of rangeland privatization and its implications in the Tibetan Plateau, China. Nomadic Peoples Journal, 9; 31–51.
Zake, J.Y., K. Mugunda, C. Nkwiine, 1997. Integrated soil management for sustainable agriculture and food security: The Uganda case. FAO Workshop on Integrated Soil Management for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in Southern and East Africa. Harare, Zimbabwe.
Zhou, H., X. Zhao, Y. Tang, S. Gu, L. Zhou, 2005. Alpine grassland degradation and its control in the source region of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, China. Grassland Science, 51; 191–203. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,492 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,879 |
||