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چشم‌انداز جریان موسوم به "فمینیسم اسلامی" به بازنگری فقه سنّی؛ کاوش تطبیقی دیدگاه‌های عزیزه الحبری و کشیا علی | ||
| زن در فرهنگ و هنر | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 3، مهر 1394، صفحه 359-378 اصل مقاله (255.28 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwica.2015.58300 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن بدره* 1؛ عزت السادات میرخانی2؛ طوبی شاکری گلپایگانی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری رشتۀ مطالعات زنان دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 2عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| عنوان «فمنیسم اسلامی» را در اصل ناظران غربی به فعالیت‌های فکری زنان مسلمان نسبت داده‌اند. خوانش ادبیات پژوهشی نویسندگان جریان «فمنیسم اسلامی» (و منسوب به آن) نشان می‌دهد که این پژوهشگران برای ارائۀ رهیافت‌های انتقادی و جایگزین به هندسۀ جنسی‌ـ جنسیتی اسلامی و میراث معرفتی اسلام، موضوعات و ساحت‌های گوناگونی را انتخاب کرده‌اند. در میان نویسندگان اصلی این جریان، عزیزه الحبری و پس از او کشیا علی تمرکز اصلی خود را بر بازنگری فقه اسلامی (سنّی) قرار داده‌اند. آن‌ها که از پژوهشگران مطرح این جریان‌اند، ضمن داشتنِ برخی اشتراکات، نمایندۀ دو دیدگاه متفاوت در «فمنیسم اسلامی» به فقه‌اند. در‌حالی‌که عزیزه الحبری به دنبال فعال‌کردن ظرفیت‌های فقه موجود برای استیفای حقوق زنان و پردازشی عدالت‌طلبانه‌تر از فقه در مسائل جنسیتی است، کشیا علی سراغ نقد ساختارهای کلان و ریشه‌ای‌تر فقه می‌رود و به این نتیجه می‌رسد که فقه موجود، آن‌گونه که در دورۀ کلاسیک خود از سوی فقها تکوّن یافته و پردازش شده است، نمی‌تواند یک اخلاق عدالت‌طلبانۀ کاملاً برابر را تضمین کند و از‌این‌رو باید مورد نقّادی ریشه‌ای و ساختاری قرار بگیرد. این مقاله، از رهگذر خوانش گسترده و تطبیقی آثار این دو نویسنده، به دنبال پژوهش چشم‌انداز جریان موسوم به «فمنیسم اسلامی» به فقه اسلامی (سنّی) است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسلام و فمنیسم؛ اندیشۀ عزیزه الحبری؛ اندیشۀ کشیا علی؛ فقه سنّی؛ فمنیسم اسلامی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The perspective of Islamic feminism on the revision of Sunni fiqh; a comparative study of Aziza Al-Hibri and Kecia Ali, | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohsen Badreh1؛ Ezzatossadat Mirkhani2؛ Tuba Shakeri Golpayegani2 | ||
| 1PhD Candidate in Women’s Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| “Islamic feminism” is an analytical-descriptive title by which western observers identify the intellectual activities of Muslim women. Muslim female scholars of “Islamic feminism”, though there is no consensus among them about this label, have various approaches and subjects of study in relation to the field of Islam and gender. Aziza Al-Hibri and Kecia Ali are two of these Muslim scholars whose research focus has been on revising and criticizing Islamic (Sunni) jurisprudence. Sharing some characteristics in their study of fiqh, they represent two different intellectual positions on the Islamic jurisprudence among the scholars of “Islamic feminism”. Both Al-Hibri and Ali consider the social contexts and intellectual dynamism of the formation era of Islamic jurisprudence. However, while Al-Hibri tries to activate the capacities of the existing fiqh to seek gender equality, Ali tries to deconstruct what she observes as the roots of gender inequality in fiqh and uncovers methodological instruments (e.g. Qias) that established inequality and hierarchal gender and sexual relations and ethics. Ali considers the approach of scholars like Al-Hibri as destined for failure because of a lack of deconstruction of the essential formulations of inequality in the formation era of Sunni fiqh. A comparative study of different suggestions these two scholars have offered unveil the horizons of “Islamic feminism” on revising and criticizing the Islamic (Sunni) jurisprudence. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aziza Al-Hibri, Islam and feminism, Islamic feminism, Kecia Ali, Sunni Jurisprudence | ||
| مراجع | ||
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