تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,492 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,141 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 123,262,900 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 96,472,771 |
برخی آثار کمپوست قارچ مصرفی و بیوچار باگاس بر فعالیت فسفاتاز قلیایی و فراهمی فسفر در چند خاک آهکی | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 21، دوره 46، شماره 4، دی 1394، صفحه 801-812 اصل مقاله (1.23 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2015.56804 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ارژنگ فتحی گردلیدانی1؛ حسین میر سید حسینی* 2؛ محسن فرحبخش3 | ||
1دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
2دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
3استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
کمبود فسفر یکی از مشکلات اصلی کشاورزی در خاکهای آهکی است. به منظور بررسی اثر کمپوست قارچ مصرفی (SMC) و بیوچار باگاس نیشکر (B) بر فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز قلیایی و فراهمی فسفر در سه خاک لوم، لوم رسی و لوم شنی مطالعة انکوبهکردن انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل سطوح بیوچار B1 و B2 (15و30 تن در هکتار)، سطوح کمپوست SMC1، SMC2 (20و40 تن در هکتار) و شاهد (C) بود. بعد از اعمال تیمارها در زمانهای 14 (T1)، 60 (T2) و 120 (T3) روز فسفر قابلجذب و pH و در زمان T3 فعالیت فسفاتاز قلیایی اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد SMC در هرسه خاک سبب افزایش فعالیت فسفاتاز در خاک میشود، ولی بیوچار در خاک لوم شنی بیتأثیر بود. میانگین فعالیت فسفاتاز تیمار شاهد در سه بافت لوم شنی، لوم و لوم رسی به ترتیب 2090، 2931 و 2888 µg PNP.g-1Soil. h-1بود که برای تیمار SMC2 به ترتیب به 3034، 3709 و 3533 µg PNP.g-1Soil. h-1افزایش پیدا کرد. همچنین، هر دو سطح SMC سبب افزایش فراهمی فسفر شد، در حالی که مصرف بیوچار اثر کمتری داشت. SMC2 بهترین اثر را در افزایش فراهمی فسفر داشت، به طوری که میانگین فسفر قابلجذب در سه بافت لوم شنی، لوم و لوم رسی به ترتیب از 4/19، 8/8 و 9/3 mg.Kg-1در تیمار شاهد به 37، 28 و 22 mg.Kg-1در تیمار SMC2 افزایش یافت. کمپوست قارچ pH خاکها را کاهش و بیوچار را افزایش داد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد SMC در خاکهای آهکی مورد آزمایش، سبب افزایش فراهمی فسفر و بهبود سایر خصوصیات از جمله pH شده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بیوچار؛ فراهمی فسفر؛ فسفاتاز قلیایی؛ کمپوست قارچ | ||
مراجع | ||
Akça, M. O., and Namli, A. (2015). Effects of poultry litter biochar on soil enzyme activities and tomato, pepper and lettuce plants growth. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 4(3), 203-210.
Barahimi, N., Afyuni, M., Karami, M., and Rezaee Nejad, Y. (2009). Cumulative and residual effects of organic amendments on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in soil and wheat. journal of science and technology of agriculture and natural resources, 12(46), 803-812. (In Farsi)
Badanur, V. P., Poleshi, C. M., and Naik, B. K. (1990). Effect of organic matter on crop yield and physical and chemical properties of a vertisol. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science. 38(3), 426-429.
Balota, E. L., Kanashiro, M., Colozzi Filho, A., Andrade, D. S., and Dick, R. P. (2004). Soil enzyme activities under long-term tillage and crop rotation systems in subtropical agro-ecosystems. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 35(4), 300-306.
Banik, S., and Dey, B.K. (1982). Available phosphate content of an alluvial soil as influenced by inoculation of some isolated phosphate-solubilizing micro-organisms. Plant and Soil, 69(3), 353-364.
Cabilovski, R., Manojlovic, M., Bogdanovic, D., Magazin, N., Keserovic, Z., and Sitaula, B. K. (2014). Mulch type and application of manure and composts in strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa Duch.) production: impact on soil fertility and yield. Žemdirbystė (Agriculture), 101(1), 67-74.
Chapman, H.D. (1965). Cation exchange capacity. In Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, L.J., Ensminger, L.E., and Clark, F.E. (eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 891–901.
Ch’ng, H. Y., Ahmed, O. H., and Majid, N. M. A. (2014). Improving phosphorus availability in an acid soil using organic amendments produced from agroindustrial wastes. The Scientific World Journal. Published 16 June 2014. from http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/506356
Dawson, M., Dixon, T., Inkerman, P. (1990). Moisture loss from baled bagasse during storage. Proceedings of Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp. 199-206.
Dick, W. A., Tabatabai, M. A., and Metting Jr, F. B. (1992). Significance and potential uses of soil enzymes. Soil microbial ecology: applications in agricultural and environmental management, pp. 95-127.
Dinesh, R., Ganeshamurthy, A.N., Chaudhuri, S.G., Prasad, G.S. (2003). Dissolution of rock phosphate as influenced by farmyard manure, fresh poultry manure and earthworms in soils of an oilpalm plantation. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science. 51: 308–312.
Emmerling C, Embacher A, Haubold-Rosar Mand Schröder D. (1996). Initiierung und forderung der mikrobiellen Biomasse und mikrobieller Aktivitäten in jungen Kippsubstraten durch organische Reststoffe. VDLUFA-Schriftenr. 44, 579–582.
Gagnon, B., Simard, R.R. (1999). Nitrogen and phosphorus release from on farm and industrial composts. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 79, 481–489.
Gee, G.W., and Bauder, J.W. (1986). Particle- size analysis. In Klute, A. (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods. Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 383-411.
Gburek, WJ., Barberis, E., Haygarth, PM., Kronvang, B., and Stamm, C. (2005). Phosphorus mobility in the landscape. In: Sims JT, Sharpley AN (eds) Phosphorus: agriculture and the environment. Soil ScienceSociety of America, Madison, WI, PP. 947–953.
Glaser, B., Lehmann, J. and Zech,W. (2002). Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal – a review’, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35: 219–230.
Giusquiani, P. L., Marucchini, C., and Businelli, M. (1988). Chemical properties of soils amended with compost of urban waste. Plant and Soil, 109(1): 73-78.
Hunt, J. F., Ohno, T., He, Z., Honeycutt, C. W., and Dail, D. B. (2007). Inhibition of phosphorus sorption to goethite, gibbsite, and kaolin by fresh and decomposed organic matter. Biology and fertility of soils, 44(2), 277-288.
Hue, N. V. (1991). Effects of organic acids/anions on P sorption and phytoavailability in soils with different mineralogies. Soil Science, 152(6), 463-471.
Food and Agriculture Organisation, (2012). FAOSTAT database. http://www.fao. 2012 Available from.
Iyamuremye, F., and Dick, R.P. 1996. Organic amendments and phosphorus sorption. Advance Agronomy, 56: 139-185.
Inyang, M., Gao, B., Pullammanappallil, P., Ding, W., and Zimmerman, A. R. (2010). Biochar from anaerobically digested sugarcane bagasse. Bioresource Technology, 101(22), 8868-8872.
IUSS, W. (2014). World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014. International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps.World Soil Resources Reports, (106).
Kalembasa, S., and Symanowicz, B. (2012). Enzymatic activity of soil after applying various waste organic materials, ash, and mineral fertilizers. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 21(6), 1635-1641.
Karami, M., Afyuni, M., Rezaee Nejad, Y., and Khosh Goftarmanesh, A. (2009). Cumulative and Residual Effects of Sewage Sludge on Zinc and Copper Concentration in Soil and Wheat. journal of science and technology of agriculture and natural resources, 12(46), 639-654. (In Farsi)
Kiss, S., Stefanic, G., Dragan-Bularda, M. (1974). Soil enzymology in Romania. II. journal of Contributii Botanice (Botanical Contributions), pp. 197–207.
Kızılkaya, R., Aşkın, T., Bayraklı, B., and Sağlam, M. (2004). Microbiological characteristics of soils contaminated with heavy metals. European Journal of Soil Biology. 40: 95-102.
Kuo, S. (1996). Phosphorus. In D. L. Sparks (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods. Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 869-919.
Liang, B., Lehmann, J., Solomon, D., Kinyangi, J., Grossman, J., O'neill, B., and Neves, E. G. (2006). Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 70(5), 1719-1730.
Liang, Y., Yang, Y., Yang, C., Shen, Q., Zhou, J., and Yang, L. (2003). Soil enzymatic activity and growth of rice and barley as influenced by organic manure in an anthropogenic soil. Geoderma, 115(1), 149-160.
Martens, D.A., Johanson, J.B., Frankenbenger, W.T. (1992). Production and persistence of soil enzymes with repeated additions of organic residues. Soil Science, 153: 53–61.
Ma, L., and Xu, R. K. (2010). Effects of regulation of pH and application of organic material adsorption and desorption of phosphorus in three types of acid soils. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 26, 596-599.
McConneU, D.B., Shiraiipour, A and Smith, W.H. (1993). Compost application improves soil properties. Biocycle. 34: 61-63.
Mkhabela, M. S. (1998). Effects of municipal solid waste compost on soil phosphorus availabüity and uptake by potatoes and sweet Corn. Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
MoralesMM, Comerford N, Guerrini IA, Falcao NPS, Reeves JB. (2013). Sorption and desorption of phosphate on biochar and biochar–soil mixtures. Soil Use Management, 29: 306–314.
Nannipieri, P., Giagnoni, L., Renella, G., Puglisi, E., Ceccanti, B., Masciandaro, G., Fornasier, F., Moscatelli, MC., and Marinari, S. (2012). Soil enzymology: classical and molecular approaches. Biology and fertility of soils. 48:743–762.
Nelson, D.W., and Sommers, L.E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Page, A.L. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. 2nd Edition Agronomy. Monographs. 9. Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 539-579.
Olsen, S.R., and Sommers, L.E. (1982). Phosphorus. In Klute, A. (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2: Chemical and microbiological Methods. Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 403-430.
Nelson, R.E. (1982). Carbonate and gypsum. In : Page A.L., Miller R.H. , Keeney D.R. (eds), Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA. pp. 181–197.
Parvage MM, Ulén B, Eriksson J, Strock J, Kirchmann H (2013) Phosphorus availability in soils amended with wheat residue char. Biology and fertility of soils. 49: 245–250.
Sujana, I. P., Lanya, I., Subadiyasa, I. N. N., and Suarna, I. W. (2014). The effect of dose biochar and organic matters on soil characteristic and corn plants growth on the land degraded by garment liquid waste. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 4(5), 77-88.
Tabatabai, M. A., and Bremner, J. M. (1969). Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil biology and biochemistry, 1(4), 301-307.
Tabatabai, M. A. (1994). Soil enzymes. In: Weaver RW, Angle JS, Bottomley PS (eds) Methods of soil analysis. Part 2 – Microbiological and biochemical properties. Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, US, pp. 775–833.
Tabatabai , M. A. (1982). Soil enzymes, in: Methods of Soil Analysis, part 2, Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 903-947.
Tarafdar, J. C. (1995). Visual demonstration of in vivo acid phosphatase activity of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Current Science, 69(6), 541-543.
Tejada, M., Garcia, C., Gonzalez, J.L., and Hernandez, M.T. (2006). Use of organic amendment as a strategy for saline soil remediation: influence on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 1413-1421.
Yu, W., Ding, X., Xue, S., Li, S., Liao, X., and Wang, R. (2013). Effects of organic-matter application on phosphorus adsorption of three soil parent materials. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, (AHEAD). pp. 23-31.
Vahabi Mashak, F., Mirseyed Hosseini, H., Shorafa, M., and Hatami, S. (2008). Investigation of the effects of spent mushroom compost (SMC) application on some chemical properties of soil and leachate. Journal of Water and Soil, 22(2), 395-406. (In Farsi)
Van Zwieten, L., Kimber, S., Downie, A., Morris, S., Petty, S., Rust, J., and Chan, K. Y. (2010). A glasshouse study on the interaction of low mineral ash biochar with nitrogen in a sandy soil. Soil Research, 48(7), 569-576.
Williams, B. C., McMullan, J. T., and McCahey, S. (2001). An initial assessment of spent mushroom compost as a potential energy feedstock. Bioresource Technology, 79(3), 227-230.
Zhai, L., CaiJi, Z., Liu, J., Wang, H., Ren, T., Gai, X., ... and Liu, H. (2015). Short-term effects of maize residue biochar on phosphorus availability in two soils with different phosphorus sorption capacities. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 51(1), 113-122. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,666 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 2,262 |