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تولید رواناب در خاکهای آلوده به نفت سفید و گازوییل | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 13، دوره 46، شماره 1، فروردین 1394، صفحه 121-131 اصل مقاله (646.1 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2015.54301 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سیما محمدی1؛ مهدی همایی* 2؛ سید حمیدرضا صادقی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری گروه خاک شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
2استاد گروه خاک شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
3استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
چکیده | ||
ارزیابی کمّی تأثیر خاکهای آلوده به مشتقات نفتی بر ویژگیهای فیزیکی خاک برای مدیریت بهینة منابع آب و خاک ضروری است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تولید رواناب در خاکهای آلوده به نفت سفید و گازوییل بود. بدین منظور متغیرهای زمان آغاز رواناب، ضریب رواناب، تغییرات رواناب نسبت به زمان، و رواناب تجمعی برای خاکهای آلوده به نفت سفید و گازوییل با دو غلظت مختلف تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد وجود ترکیبات نفتی در خاک، باعث کاهشی معنادار در زمان آغاز رواناب نسبت به خاک شاهد میشود؛ به طوری که زمان آغاز رواناب از کرت شاهد نسبت به کرت آلوده به گازوییل تأخیر زمانی حدود 128 ثانیه را نشان داد. بیشترین ضریب رواناب در تیمارهای آلوده با غلظت بیشتر به دست آمد که باعث افزایش حدود سه تا سه و نیم برابر ضریب رواناب نسبت به کرت شاهد شدند. ارزیابی رواناب در گامهای زمانی مشترک نشان داد رواناب تولیدشده فقط در تیمارهای گازوییل با غلظت کمتر نسبت به تیمارهای نفت سفید با غلظت مشابه افزایش معنادار دارد؛ حال آنکه در غلظت بیشتر تفاوتی معنادار بین این دو تیمار مشاهده نشد. نتایج حاکی از افزایش معنادار رواناب تجمعی تولیدشده در همة کرتهای آلوده در مقایسه با کرت غیر آلوده بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آبگریزی؛ آلودگی آب و خاک؛ بارش؛ ترکیبات نفتی؛ نفوذپذیری | ||
مراجع | ||
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