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تحلیل روند زمانی و مکانی تبخیر-تعرق مرجع در نیمه غربی ایران طی دوره 1996 تا 2023 | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 11، بهمن 1404، صفحه 2969-2987 اصل مقاله (1.67 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.398578.669979 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عاطفه خوش بیان1؛ مهرانه خدامرادپور* 2؛ وحید ورشاویان3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری هواشناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 3عضو هیئت علمی، گروه علوم ومهندسی آب، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تبخیر- تعرق از عوامل مهم در چرخه هیدرولوژی و از جمله عوامل تعیین کننده معادلات انرژی در سطح زمین و توازن آب میباشد. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی الگوی روندهای زمانی-مکانی تعرق مرجع پنمن–مانتیث فائو 56 (ET0) با آزمون ناپارامتری من-کندال و تخمینگر شیب سن در نیمه غربی ایران (شامل نیمه غربی و بخشهایی در مرکز) در بلند مدت (2023-1996) و دهه اخیر است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان از بیشترین ET0 در مناطق گرم و خشک جنوب و جنوب غرب کشور و کمترین مقدار آن در مناطق مرطوب شمالی و غرب کشور دارد. روندهای ET0 سالانه در بیش از 70% ایستگاهها افزایشی معنادار بود، که بیشترین آن با 2/0 میلیمتر در سال (در کاشان در مرکز) و کمترین آن در اردبیل و رشت به ترتیب با 02/0 و 03/0 میلیمتر در سال مشاهده شد. در تمام فصلهای سال، اکثر ایستگاهها روند افزایشی ET0 را تجربه کردند، به طوریکه بیشترین درصد ایستگاهها در فصلهای تابستان (78% ایستگاهها) و زمستان (64% ایستگاهها)، با بیشینه روند 49/0 میلیمتر در تابستان (کاشان) بودند. روند منفی معنادار فقط در ایستگاه شیراز (04/0- میلیمتر بر فصل) در فصل پاییز رخ داد. مقایسه میانگین سالانه ET0 در دوره اخیر نشان از افزایش محدوده تغییرات آن دارد، به طوریکه بیشترین افزایش در نواحی مرکزی ایران (حداکثر 78%)، در ارتفاعات زاگرس (حداکثر 48%) و حوضه دریاچه ارومیه رخ میدهد. روند افزایشی ET0 تحت تاثیر گرمایش جهانی منجر به تغییراتی در چرخه هیدرولوژی میشود، که شناخت آن در مدیریت منابع آب و برنامهریزیهای کشاورزی ضروری به نظر میرسد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تغییر اقلیم؛ پنمن- مانتیث فائو 56؛ آزمون من-کندال؛ تخمین گر شیب سن؛ غرب و مرکز ایران | ||
| مراجع | ||
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