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مهار زیستی پژمردگی فوزاریومی خیار با استفاده از دو قارچ اندوفیت Coprinopsis urticicola و Fomes fomentarius | ||
| دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 2، دی 1404، صفحه 233-249 اصل مقاله (1.59 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijpps.2026.409931.1007108 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جهانشیر امینی* ؛ ظهراب گرگانی | ||
| گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| خیار (Cucumis sativus L.) نسبت به گیاهـان دیگـر تیـره کـدوئیان در سـطح وسـیعتـری کشـت و از مهمترین سبزیجات در جهان محسوب میشود. بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی خیار به عنوان یکی از بیماریهای مهم این محصول است و توسط قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC) ایجاد میگردد. هدف از انجام این تحقیق مهار زیستی بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی خیار با استفاده از اندوفیتهای قارچی Coprinopsis urticicola و Fomes fomentarius در شرایط آزمایشگاه، گلخانه و مزرعه است. قارچ عامل بیماری از بوته های گیاهان خیار آلوده جداسازی و بر اساس صفات ریخت شناسی و مولکولی با استفاده از نواحی ژنومیTEF و ITS شناسایی گردید. هر دو قارچ اندوفیت Fomes fomentarius و Coprinopsis urticola در روش کشت متقابل به میزان 71.81 و 66.81 درصد بترتیب از رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر جلوگیری کردند. ترکیبات فرار ضد قارچی دو جدایه Fomes fomentarius به میزان 66.21 درصد و Coprinopsis urticola به مقدار 61.33 درصد از رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر ممانعت کردند. دو جدایه قارچ اندوفیت شدت بیماری پژمردگی خیار را در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه بترتیب به میزان 88-76 و 82-76 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار کنترل کاهش دادند. به علاوه هر دو جدایه اندوفیت شاخصهای رشد گیاه خیار را مثل تعداد ساقه های اصلی، ارتفاع گیاه و وزن تر و خشک ریشه گیاه را به میزان قابل توجهی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش دادند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی؛ کنترل زیستی؛ Coprinopsis urticola؛ Fomes fomentarius | ||
| مراجع | ||
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