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واکاوی چالشهای گزینش، آموزش و نظارت در فرزندپذیری از منظر مادران: یک مطالعۀ کیفی | ||
| زن در توسعه و سیاست | ||
| دوره 23، شماره 4، بهمن 1404، صفحه 675-708 اصل مقاله (733.19 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwdp.2026.403907.1008576 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا طغیانی1؛ معصومه اسمعیلی2؛ مرضیه مدنیفر* 3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مشاورۀ خانواده، گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرزندپذیری بهعنوان شیوهای مهم برای تأمین نیاز والدین به فرزند و نیز کودکان نیازمند خانواده به والدینی مسئول، فرایندی پیچیده و مستلزم ارزیابی دقیق، آموزش تخصصی و حمایت مستمر از والدین متقاضی است. این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی و با هدف کاوش تجارب مادران فرزندپذیر از چالشهای فرایند فرزندپذیری انجام شد تا مبنایی علمی برای بهبود سیاستها و شیوههای گزینش، آموزش و نظارت فراهم آورد. نمونهگیری هدفمند شامل ۱۱ مادر فرزندپذیر تحت پوشش سازمان بهزیستی بود و دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای عمیق تا اشباع نظری جمعآوری شدند. تحلیل دادهها به روش تحلیل مضمون انجام شد و درنهایت ۶ مضمون کلی و ۱۲ مضمون اصلی استخراج شد. یافتهها نشان داد مادران فرزندپذیر با چالشهایی از جمله فرایند طولانی و فرسایشی، ابهام در فرایند، شیب نامناسب آشنایی والد و کودک، شاخصهای ناکارآمد و غیرپویای ارزیابی، جامع و کارآمدنبودن گزینش، آموزش و قطع تداوم آن، نبود اخلاق حرفهای و کرامتمحوری در سبک گزینش، ضعف در نظارت و رصد خانواده و کودک، استفادۀ ناکافی از ظرفیتها و شبکهسازی محدود خانواده و تجربۀ هیجانات منفی و پیامدهای عینی ناکارآمدی سیستم مواجه هستند. این پژوهش بر اهمیت بازنگری و تقویت فرایندهای گزینش، آموزش و نظارت بر والدین فرزندپذیر تأکید دارد و ارائۀ راهکارهای علمی و عملی میتواند به ارتقای کیفیت زندگی خانوادههای فرزندپذیر، افزایش سازگاری کودک و والد و کاهش پیامدهای منفی ناشی از ناکارآمدی سیستم منجر شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آموزش فرزندپذیری؛ چالشهای فرزندپذیری؛ فرزندپذیری؛ مادران فرزندپذیر؛ نظارت فرزندپذیری | ||
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