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نقش سازوکارهای دفاعی در پیشبینی صفات شخصیتی نوجوانان | ||
| فصلنامه پژوهشهای کاربردی روانشناختی | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 17، شماره 2، تیر 1405، صفحه 149-164 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/japr.2026.398716.645296 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لال لاومزوالی* 1؛ رامیا بهاسکار1؛ ناتاراجان واسوجی2 | ||
| 1گروه رشد انسانی، مؤسسه آویناشیلینگام برای علوم خانواده و آموزش عالی زنان، کویمباتور، تامیلنادو، هند. | ||
| 2رئیس امور دانشجویی، مؤسسه آویناشیلینگام برای علوم خانواده و آموزش عالی زنان، کویمباتور، تامیلنادو، هند. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی سازوکارهای دفاعی و ارزیابی نقش پیشبینیکنندۀ آنها در تبیین ویژگیهای شخصیتی نوجوانان بود. این مطالعه به روش مقطعی انجام شد و جامعۀ آماری آن شامل ۸۹۱ نوجوان ۱۷ تا ۱۹ سالۀ شهر کویمباتور، ایالت تامیلنادو هند بود که در سال تحصیلی ۲۰۲۴–۲۰۲۳ به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی نظاممند انتخاب شدند. دادهها با استفاده از پرسشنامۀ شخصیت آیزنک و مقیاس محققساختۀ سازوکارهای دفاعی گردآوری و با نرمافزارهای SPSS-30 و Jamovi نسخۀ 2/6/44 (۲۰۲۵) تحلیل شدند. مقیاس سازوکارهای دفاعی از طریق تحلیل مؤلفههای اصلی اعتبارسنجی شد که درنهایت شامل ۱۱ مؤلفه و ۳۰ گویه با آستانۀ بار عاملی 0/4 بود. این مقیاس از همسانی درونی مطلوبی برخوردار بود (آلفای کرونباخ 0/75) و شاخص کفایت نمونهگیری 0/71 بهدست آمد. آزمون کرویت بارتلت معنادار بود و درصد واریانس تجمعی 150/51 گزارش شد. ضریب همبستگی بازآزمایی (0/991= r) پایایی بسیار مطلوب ابزار را نشان داد. همچنین تحلیلعاملی تأییدی با استفاده از مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری نشاندهندۀ برازش مناسب مدل بود (0/90= CFI؛ 0/9= TLI؛ 0/621= PNFI). یافتههای تحلیل رگرسیون خطی نشان داد سازوکار دفاعی واکنش وارونه، شایعترین دفاع مورد استفادۀ نوجوانان است و بهطور معناداری ویژگیهای شخصیتی درونگرایی و روانرنجوری را پیشبینی میکند؛ درحالیکه انکار کمترین میزان استفاده را دارد. عقلانیسازی و فرافکنی پیشبینیکنندههای معنادار برونگرایی بودند و درنهایت، دفاع بالغانۀ والایش پیشبینیکنندۀ ویژگیهای شخصیتی ثبات بود. استفادۀ فراوان از واکنش وارونه، بهعنوان یک دفاع نوروتیک، زنگ خطری در جهت ضرورت طراحی مداخلات هدفمند برای ارتقای سلامت روان، بهزیستی و رشد سالم شخصیت نوجوانان محسوب میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| سازوکارهای دفاعی؛ صفات شخصیتی؛ نوجوانان | ||
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