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بررسی آزمایشگاهی و ارزیابی مدلهای سینتیک واجذب کادمیم از بار رسوبی بستر در یک کانال دایرهای | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 9، آذر 1404، صفحه 2393-2410 اصل مقاله (1.63 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.398307.669973 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن نصرآبادی* 1؛ محمدحسین امید2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در سراسر دنیا، بیشتر منابع آبهای سطحی و رودخانهها با آلودگیهای مختلفی در تماس هستند. یکی از آلودگیهای صنعتی، ورود فلزات سنگین به رودخانهها و جذب آنها توسط رسوبات است. از سوی دیگر، فلزات سنگین در برخی شرایط محیطی ممکن است از رسوبات آزاد شوند. در این تحقیق، بهمنظور بررسی پدیدة واجذب کادمیم توسط رسوبات، ابتدا رسوبات با قطر متوسط 54/0 میلیمتر بهطورمصنوعی با کادمیم با غلظتهای مختلف آلوده شدند. سپس اثر غلظت کادمیم و همچنین سرعت جریان بر نرخ واجذب از رسوبات آلوده بهصورت آزمایشگاهی در یک فلوم دایرهای با قطر 6/1 متر و عرض 2/0 متر در سرعتهای 18/0 و 35/0 متربرثانیه بررسی شد. نتایج آزمایشهای واجذب نشان داد که بیشتر کادمیم قابل واجذب در حدود 5/0 ساعت از رسوبات دفع میشوند. با افزایش غلظت کادمیم، نرخ واجذب نیز افزایش یافت بهطوری که با افزایش غلظت ازmg/kg 7 تاmg/kg 49/5، نرخ واجذب از 7/10 تا 30 درصد افزایش یافت. همچنین افزایش سرعت جریان تاثیر ناچیزی بر نرخ واجذب داشت؛ بهطوریکه در حداکثر غلظت نرخواجذب بهازای سرعتهای 18/0 و 35/0 متربرثانیه بهترتیب 25 و 30 درصد مشاهده شد. پس از بررسی مدلهای سینتیک واجذب مشخص شد که معادلههای پخشیدگی سهموی دوگانه با خطای متوسط نسبی 02/7 درصد و 99/0 = R2، 77/5 = SSE، 85/0 = KGE دقت بیشتری نسبت به معادلههای دیگر دارند. نتایج آزمایشهای این تحقیق نشان داد که بیشتر ذرات رسوب و کادمیم پیوند قوی از نوع شیمیایی با هم برقرار کردهاند و فرایندهای جذب و واجذب فلزهای سنگین توسط رسوبات برگشتناپذیر هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| نرخ واجذب؛ کادمیم؛ رسوبات رودخانهای؛ مدلهای سینتیک واجذب | ||
| مراجع | ||
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