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Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Seawater of the Gulf of Tobruk, Libya: Concentrations, Sources, and Environmental Risks | ||
| Pollution | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 1، فروردین 2026، صفحه 275-287 اصل مقاله (703.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/poll.2025.398762.3029 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Mohamed Abdelaziz Okbah* 1؛ Maie El-Gammal2؛ Mohamed Bahnasawi3؛ Abdulali Balal4 | ||
| 1National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt | ||
| 2Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt | ||
| 3Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt | ||
| 4Department of Marine Resources, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tobruk, Tobruk, Libya | ||
| چکیده | ||
| There is limited data on the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the waters of the Gulf of Tobruk, Libya. This study aims to establish a monitoring system to assess PAH concentrations, sources, and ecological risks in the region. Water samples were collected from seven sites during summer and winter. The concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 62.33 to 454.70 ng/L (Mean: 235.23 ± 152.37 ng/L) in summer and from 79.26 to 473.36 ng/L (Mean: 253.85 ± 151.49 ng/L) in winter, indicating high levels of pollution. Seasonal variations suggest lower PAH concentrations in summer due to differences in industrial activities, urban runoff, and hydrodynamic conditions. PAH diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed mixed petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Tobruk Bay is under high ecological stress from PAH contamination. The ecological risk assessment classified the Gulf of Tobruk as a medium to high-risk area, posing potential harm to aquatic organisms. These findings underscore the need for long-term monitoring and pollution control strategies. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Ecological risk؛ Diagnostic ratios؛ Principal component Analysis (PCA)؛ Pollution | ||
| مراجع | ||
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