پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 127 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 7,120 |
| تعداد مقالات | 76,548 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 153,035,917 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 115,216,614 |
Strategic Environmental Assessment in Iran: Challenges, Opportunities, and Its Role in Pollution Management | ||
| Pollution | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 1، فروردین 2026، صفحه 31-45 اصل مقاله (464.19 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/poll.2025.391423.2823 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Maryam Ashegh Moalla1؛ Saeed Karimi* 1؛ Hamidreza Jafari1؛ Naghmeh Mobarghaee Dinan2 | ||
| 1Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 14155-6135, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Environmental Planning and Design, Environmental Science Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) plays a crucial role in integrating environmental considerations into national planning and decision-making. However, its successful implementation requires a robust legal, institutional, and financial framework tailored to national conditions. This study investigates the challenges and opportunities of implementing SEA in Iran, emphasizing its potential role in pollution management and sustainable development. Using a qualitative research approach based on Grounded Theory, in total, 12 individuals participated in the study, representing a cross-section of stakeholders from both policy-making and implementation sectors. The findings reveal that SEA’s effectiveness in Iran is hindered by political interference, weak institutional capacity, absence of standardized technical guidelines, deficiencies in legal and executive structures, lack of sustainable financial resources, poor environmental data quality, and inefficient decision-making processes. To address these challenges, eight strategic recommendations are proposed: (1) strengthening legal and executive frameworks, (2) enhancing specialized and organizational capacity, (3) ensuring sustainable financial resources, (4) increasing public participation and awareness, (5) improving environmental data management, (6) continuously updating EIA and SEA methodologies, (7) streamlining execution processes, and (8) establishing technical standards. Implementing these strategies will enhance SEA efficiency, reduce bureaucratic delays, strengthen stakeholder engagement, and improve transparency in decision-making. Furthermore, an improved SEA framework will contribute to reducing air, water, and soil pollution by ensuring proactive environmental risk assessments and integrating sustainability into development policies. This study highlights the urgent need for strategic, multi-faceted reforms to strengthen SEA governance in Iran and ensure its alignment with global environmental standards and pollution management efforts. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| SEA؛ Iran؛ Grounded theory؛ public awareness؛ Strategies؛ pollution | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Acharibasam, J. B., & Noble, B. F. (2014). Assessing the impact of strategic environmental assessment. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 32(3), 177-187. Aschemann, R., Baldizzone, G., & Rega, C. (2016). Public and stakeholder engagement in strategic environmental assessment. In European and International Experiences of Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 244-269): Routledge. Awino, R. O. (2019). Analysis Of Stakeholders’ Participation In Strategic Environmental Assessment Of The Master Plan On Logistics In The Northern Economic Corridor In Kenya. University of Nairobi, Batista, M., Caiado, R. G. G., Quelhas, O. L. G., Lima, G. B. A., Leal Filho, W., & Yparraguirre, I. T. R. (2021). A framework for sustainable and integrated municipal solid waste management: Barriers and critical factors to developing countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 312, 127516. Bazeley, P., & Jackson, K. (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis with NVivo. SAGE Publications. Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. CEC. (2001). Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment. Official Journal of the European Communities, 197, 30-37. Chaker, A., El-Fadl, K., Chamas, L., & Hatjian, B. (2006). A review of strategic environmental assessment in 12 selected countries. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 26(1), 15-56. Chanchitpricha, C., Swangjang, K., & Morrison‑Saunders, A. (2021). Addressing the spectrum of strategic environmental assessment potential: Evolving practice in Thailand and its effectiveness. In T. B. Fischer & A. González (Eds.), Handbook on Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 402–423). Edward Elgar Publishing. Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing Grounded Theory. SAGE Publications. Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. SAGE Publications. De Montis, A. (2013). Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment of spatial planning tools: A study on the Italian provinces. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 41, 53-63. Del Campo, A. G., Gazzola, P., & Onyango, V. (2020). The mutualism of strategic environmental assessment and sustainable development goals. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 82, 106383. Fischer, T. B., & González, A. (2021). Introduction to handbook on strategic environmental assessment. In Handbook on Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 2-10): Edward Elgar Publishing. Fischer, T. B., & Onyango, V. (2012). Strategic environmental assessment-related research projects and journal articles: an overview of the past 20 years. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 30(4), 253-263. Fischer, T. B., & Retief, F. P. (2021). Does strategic environmental assessment lead to more environmentally sustainable decisions? Reflections on its substantive effectiveness. In Handbook on Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 114-125): Edward Elgar Publishing. Fischer, T., Welsch, M., & Jalal, I. (2019). Guidelines for Strategic Environmental Assessment of nuclear power programmes–preparation process, contents and consultation feedback. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 37(2), 165-178. Fundingsland Tetlow, M., & Hanusch, M. (2012). Strategic environmental assessment: the state of the art. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 30(1), 15-24. Glaser, B. G. (1978). Theoretical Sensitivity: Advances in the Methodology of Grounded Theory. Sociology Press. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine. Guest, G., Bunce, A., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18 (1), 59–82. Jiliberto, R. (2021). Strategic environmental assessment in Chile: an unfulfilled strategic promise. In T. B. Fischer & A. González (Eds.), Handbook on Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 374–387). Edward Elgar Publishing. Kørnøv, L., & Thissen, W. A. (2000). Rationality in decision-and policy-making: implications for strategic environmental assessment. Impact assessment and project appraisal, 18(3), 191-200. Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing. SAGE Publications. Lee, N., & Walsh, F. (1992). Strategic environmental assessment: an overview. Project appraisal, 7(3), 126-136. Marot, N., Fischer, T. B., Sykes, O., Golobič, M., Muthoora, T., & González, A. (2021). Territorial impact assessment: a policy assessment-like strategic environmental assessment in action. In Handbook on Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 58-79): Edward Elgar Publishing. Montaño, M., & Fischer, T. B. (2019). Towards a more effective approach to the development and maintenance of SEA guidance. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 37(2), 97-106. Montaño, M., Tshibangu, G. M., & Malvestio, A. C. (2021). Strategic environmental assessment in Brazil: an endangered species? In Handbook on Strategic Environmental Assessment (pp. 363-373): Edward Elgar Publishing. Muschett, F. D. (2017). An integrated approach to sustainable development. In Principles of sustainable development (pp. 1-45): CRC Press. Noble, B. F. (2009). Promise and dismay: The state of strategic environmental assessment systems and practices in Canada. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 29(1), 66-75. Noble, B., & Nwanekezie, K. (2017). Conceptualizing strategic environmental assessment: Principles, approaches and research directions. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 62, 165-173. Noble, B., Ketilson, S., Aitken, A., & Poelzer, G. (2013). Strategic environmental assessment opportunities and risks for Arctic offshore energy planning and development. Marine Policy, 39, 296-302. Partidário, M. R. (2003). Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA): current practices, future demands and capacity-building needs. International Association for Impact Assessment IAIA Training Courses. Partidário, M. R. (2008). Theory and Practice of Strategic Environmental Assessment. Routledge. Partidário, M. R. (2024). Perspectives on strategic environmental assessment: CRC Press. Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. SAGE Publications. Polido, A., Joao, E., & Ramos, T. B. (2018). How may sustainability be advanced through Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in Small Islands? Exploring a conceptual framework. Ocean & Coastal Management, 153, 46-58. Rauschmayer, F., & Risse, N. (2005). A framework for the selection of participatory approaches for SEA. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 25(6), 650-666. Reed, M. S., Vella, S., Challies, E., De Vente, J., Frewer, L., Hohenwallner‐Ries, D., . . . Sidoli del Ceno, J. (2018). A theory of participation: what makes stakeholder and public engagement in environmental management work? Restoration ecology, 26, S7-S17. Rega, C., & Baldizzone, G. (2015). Public participation in Strategic Environmental Assessment: A practitioners’ perspective. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 50, 105-115. Runhaar, H., & Driessen, P. P. (2007). What makes strategic environmental assessment successful environmental assessment? The role of context in the contribution of SEA to decision-making. Impact assessment and project appraisal, 25(1), 2-14. Sadler, B., Dusik, J., Fischer, T., Partidário, M., Verheem, R., & Aschemann, R. (2012). Handbook of strategic environmental assessment. Routledge. Santos Coelho, R., Coelho, P. S., Antunes, P., & Ramos, T. B. (2019). Stakeholders perspectives on the use of indicators in water resources planning and related strategic environmental assessment. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 21(01), 1950001. Silverman, D. (2013). Doing Qualitative Research. SAGE Publications. Stoeglehner, G. (2010). Enhancing SEA effectiveness: lessons learnt from Austrian experiences in spatial planning. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 28(3), 217-231. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. SAGE Publications. Therivel, R. (2012). Strategic environmental assessment in action: Routledge. Therivel, R., & Paridario, M. R. (2013). The practice of strategic environmental assessment: Routledge. Unies, N. (2017). Protocol on strategic environmental assessment to the convention on environmental impact assessment in a transboundary context: UN. Weiland, U. (2010). Strategic environmental assessment in Germany—practice and open questions. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 30(3), 211-217. White, L., & Noble, B. F. (2013). Strategic environmental assessment for sustainability: A review of a decade of academic research. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 42, 60-66. Zhang, J., Christensen, P., & Kørnøv, L. (2013). Review of critical factors for SEA implementation. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 38, 88-98. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 79 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 84 |
||
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب