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بهبود بهرهوری آب در اثر اعمال کم آبیاری با استفاده از مدل SALTMED | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 8، آبان 1404، صفحه 2137-2162 اصل مقاله (2.22 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.390589.669925 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرزو نازی قمشلو* ؛ مهدی ملک پور | ||
| گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| افزایش تقاضای آب به دلیل رشد جمعیت و تغییرات آب و هوایی سبب کاهش منابع آب کشاورزی در مناطقی شده است که با کمبود آب مواجه هستند. بر این اساس، یک آزمایش مزرعهای در دو فصل متوالی 1401 و 1402 در مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان داروئی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرقدس انجام شد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثر سیستمهای آبیاری قطرهای سطحی (SDI) و آبیاری بخشی ریشه (PRD) و سه تیمار آبیاری (100، 75 و 55 درصد تبخیر و تعرق گیاه) بر عملکرد گیاه عدس و ارزیابی مدل SALTMED در شبیهسازی رطوبت خاک، ماده خشک کل و عملکرد بود. علیرغم اینکه بالاترین مقادیر عملکرد در تیمار 100درصد تبخیر و تعرق (بدون کم آبیاری) بدست آمد، ولیکن تفاوت معنیداری بین عملکرد تیمارهای 100 و 75 درصد نیاز آبی وجود نداشت. لذا میتوان 25 درصد صرفه جویی در مصرف آب بدون کاهش عملکرد به دست آورد. عملکرد و بهرهوری آب در آبیاری بخشی ریشه کمی بیشتر از آبیاری قطرهای سطحی بود؛ زیرا رطوبت خاک در آبیاری بخشی ریشه به مدت زیادی در ناحیه ریشه بدون اینکه محصول تحت تنش آبی قرار گیرد، نگهداری میشود. مدل SALTMED به طور دقیق رطوبت خاک، ماده خشک کل، عملکرد و بهره وری آب را شبیه سازی کرد؛ بنابراین، این مدل میتواند به عنوان ابزاری جهت مدیریت محصول، آب و زمین تحت شرایط اقلیمی ایران استفاده شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آبیاری بخشی ریشه؛ بهرهوری آب؛ عملکرد؛ کم آبیاری؛ مدل SALTMED | ||
| مراجع | ||
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