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تأثیر اندازه و فعالسازی شیمیایی بیوچار بر زیستفراهمی برخی فلزات سنگین در کمپوست مشترک پسماند جامد شهری | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 7، مهر 1404، صفحه 1967-1986 اصل مقاله (2.48 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.396242.669951 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کمال خلخال* 1؛ عادل ریحانی تبار2؛ شاهین اوستان2؛ ناصر علی اصغرزاد1 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیوچار بهمنظور کاهش اثرات نامطلوب فرایند کمپوستشدن و ارتقای کیفیت کمپوست نهایی مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد. در این پژوهش بخش آلی پسماند جامد شهری با بیوچار 2 تا 4 میلیمتر B2-4mm))، بیوچار 1 تا 2 میلیمتر B1-2mm))، بیوچار 5/0 تا 1 میلیمتر B0.5-1mm))، بیوچار فعالشده با H2SO4 (AB0.5-1mm-H2SO4) و NaOH (AB0.5-1mm-NaOH) برای تهیه کمپوست مشترک مخلوط شد. نتایج نشان داد که فعالسازی شیمیایی بیوچار با تخریب سطح بیوچار باعث ایجاد سطوح ناهموار و ساختار نامنظم شد. در کمپوست مشترک حاصله بالاترین دما ( oC 5/71)، طولانیترین دوره ترموفیلی (7 روز)، بیشترین شاخص جوانهزنی (131%) و درصد نیتروژن کل (37/1%) مربوط به AB-NaOH 5% و بالاترین غلظت ماده آلی (38%)، مربوط به B1-2mm 10% بود. در کمپوست نهایی تیمار AB-H2SO4 10% دارای کمترین غلظت روی و منگنز، تیمار B1-2mm 10% دارای کمترین غلظت آهن و سرب و تیمار AB-NaOH 10% دارای کمترین غلظت کادمیوم بود (p<0.05) . بر اساس حد مجاز فلزات سنگین در استاندارد ملی ایران، غلظت Fe، Zn، Mn، Cu، Pb و Cd در کمپوستهای تولید شده در این تحقیق کمتر از حد مجاز بودند. اما تیمار شاهد از نظر غلظت کل و غلظت فلزات سنگین عصارهگیریشده با DTPA دارای بیشترین مقدار بود. در نهایت چنین نتیجهگیری میشود که چون افزودن بیوچار بهویژه بیوچار فعالشده و بیوچار در اندازه کوچکتر (5/0 الی 2 میلیمتر) به پسماند جامد شهری در حال کمپوستشدن باعث کاهش غلظت کل و غلظت زیستفراهم فلزات سنگین میشود، لذا توجه به موضوع کمپوست مشترک و تحقیقات بعدی حائز اهمیت است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بیوچار؛ پسماند؛ زیستفراهمی؛ فلزات سنگین؛ کمپوست مشترک | ||
| مراجع | ||
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