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تبیین درگیری قرهباغ از دیدگاه نظری با تأکید بر مناظرۀ نو- نو | ||
مطالعات اوراسیای مرکزی | ||
مقالات آماده انتشار، اصلاح شده برای چاپ، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 17 تیر 1404 | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcep.2025.378721.450231 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رحمت حاجی مینه* 1؛ معصومه فلاحتی2 | ||
1دانشیار، گروه حقوق، واحد تهران شرق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. | ||
2دانشجوی روابط بینالملل، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
فروپاشی اتحاد شوروی با بحرانهای مرزی، قومیتی و ژئوپلیتیکی در سرزمینهای استقلالیافته پس از آن همراه بوده است، خلأ قدرت ناشی از این فروپاشی موجب شد منطقهای با ساختار آنارشیک شکل گیرد. تنوع اقوام و مذاهب و تنوع زبانی در این منطقه و مرزبندیهای تحمیلی و ناهمگون با این تکثر قومی، دینی و زبانی و تکاملنیافتن فرایند دولتملتسازی، منطقه را با چالشهایی روبهرو کرد که نتیجۀ آن جنگهای دهههای اخیر در این منطقه است. درگیری قرهباغ که از سال ۱۹۸۸ آغاز شد و تاکنون ادامه دارد، از مهمترین بحرانهای این منطقه است که ابعاد منطقهای و بینالمللی دارد. با اینکه نهادهای بینالمللی بهویژۀ شورای امنیت سازمان ملل، با صدور قطعنامههای متعدد تأکید داشتهاند که قرهباغ و مناطق پیرامون آن متعلق به جمهوری آذربایجان است و از ارمنستان خواستهاند با استفاده از نفوذ خود بر ارامنۀ قرهباغ آنان را به پیروی از قطعنامههای شورای امنیت وادار کند، عوامل گوناگونی مانع بازگرداندن سرزمینهای اشغالی بهصورت مسالمتآمیز به جمهوری آذربایجان شد. این پرسش مطرح است که بحران قرهباغ و روند آغاز و پایان آن از دیدگاه مناظرۀ نوـ نو چگونه تبیینپذیر است؟ در این راستا فرضیه اصلی عبارتست از اینکه حل نظامی بحران قرهباغ و ناکارآمدی نهادهایی مانند گروه مینسک، نشاندهنده برتری شاخصهای نوواقعگرایی (خودیاری، بیشینهسازی قدرت در فضای آنارشیک) بر شاخصهای نولیبرالگرایی (همکاری و نهادهای بینالمللی) در تبیین این درگیری است. این نوشتار از نوع پژوهش کیفی است و با رویکردی توصیفیتحلیلی مبتنی بر مناظرۀ نو ـ نو درگیری قرهباغ را بررسی میکنیم. دادهها را نیز با استفاده از منابع کتابخانهای و مقالهها گردآوری کردهایم. یافتهها نشان میدهد که در بحران قرهباغ رویکردهای نوواقعگرایی در سیاست کشورهای درگیر غالب بوده و رویکردهای نولیبرالی که بر همکاری و نقش نهادهای بینالمللی تأکید دارد، نتوانسته است در حلوفصل این بحران مؤثر باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
امنیت؛ درگیری؛ همکاری؛ روابط بینالملل؛ نوواقعگرایی؛ نولیبرالگرایی؛ قفقاز جنوبی | ||
مراجع | ||
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