
تعداد نشریات | 163 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,763 |
تعداد مقالات | 72,849 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 131,957,130 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 103,562,220 |
بررسی تاثیر تنش خشکی و مصرف کودهای آلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد پیاز (مطالعه موردی: استان اصفهان) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 56، شماره 4، تیر 1404، صفحه 1085-1101 اصل مقاله (1.95 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.385648.669841 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محسن دهقانی* 1؛ مجتبی یحیی آبادی2؛ پریسا مشایخی3 | ||
1استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، | ||
2استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
3بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
کاربرد کودهای آلی میتواند شرایط فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک را بهبود داده و در تحمل گیاهان به خشکی نقش مؤثری داشته باشد. در این پژوهش، تأثیر کودهای آلی بر عملکرد و ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیکی پیاز تحت تنش خشکی طی سال 1402-1401 و در منطقه اصفهان بررسی شد. آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای یکبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارهای اصلی شامل سطوح مختلف تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی (35، 45، 55 و 65 درصد) و تیمارهای فرعی شامل ورمیکمپوست (7 تن/هکتار)، کمپوست زباله شهری (15 تن/هکتار)، کود دامی (50 تن/هکتار) و شاهد (بدون کود) بودند. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش عملکرد پیاز، اجزای عملکرد و کلروفیل برگ شد. بالاترین عملکرد در تیمار ورمیکمپوست و بدون تنش خشکی مشاهده شد. ترکیب ورمیکمپوست و آبیاری با 65 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی خاک (کاهش 30 درصد آب مصرفی) عملکردی مشابه با تیمار بدون تنش و بدون کود داشت. شاخص کلروفیل در تیمار بدون تنش و ورمیکمپوست (3.81) و کمپوست (3.79) به بیشترین مقدار رسید. همچنین، بالاترین میزان پرولین در تنش 55 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی همراه با ورمیکمپوست (5.18 میلیگرم/گرم) و کمپوست (3.18 میلیگرم/گرم) اندازهگیری شد. این نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از کودهای آلی، بهویژه ورمیکمپوست، میتواند در شرایط کمآبی به کاهش اثرات منفی خشکی کمک کند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تنش محیطی؛ کم آبیاری؛ کمپوست؛ کود دامی؛ ورمی کمپوست | ||
مراجع | ||
Abbasi, F, N. Abbasi and A. Tavakoli. (2017). Water productivity in agriculture; challenges and perspectives. Water and Sustainable Development, 4(1): 144-141 (in Persian). Ahmad, P., Jamsheed, S., Hameed, A., Rasool, S., Sharma, I., Azooz, M., & Hasanuzzaman, M. (2014). Drought Stress Induced Oxidative Damage and Antioxidants in Plants. Elsevier, New York. pp. 345-367. Akha, A., Boutra, T., & Alhejely, A. (2011). The rates of photosynthesis, chlorophyll Content, dark respiration, proline and abscicic acid (ABA) in wheat (Triticum durum) under water deficit conditions. International Journal Of Agriculture And Biology, 13, 215–221. Ali, A., Ali, Z., Quraishi, U.M., Kazi, A.G., Malik, R.N., Sher, H., & Mujeeb-Kazi, A. (2014). Integrating physiological and genetic approaches for improving drought tolerance in crops. Emerging technologies and management of crop stress tolerance, 2, 315-345. Arancon, N., Edwards, C., Bierman, P., Welch, C., & Metzger, J. (2004a). Influences of vermicomposts on field strawberries: 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresource technology, 93, 145-153. Arancon, N.Q., Edwards, C.A., Atiyeh, R.M., & Metzger, J.D. (2004b). Effect of vermicomposts produced from food waste on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Brioresource Technology, 93, 139-143. Arancon, N.Q., Galvis P.A., & Edwards, A. (2005). Suppression of insect pest populations and damage to plants by vermicomposts. Brioresource Technology, 96(10), 1137-1142. Asgele, K., Woldetsadik, K., & Gedamu, F. (2018). Effect of inorganic NP fertilizers and vermicompost on growth, seed yield and yield components of onion (Allium cepa L.) at Maitsebri, Northern Ethiopia. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 10(6), 89-96. Asghari, S., Neyshabouri, M.R., Abbasi, F., Aliasgharzad, N., & Oustan, S. (2009). The effects of four organic soil conditioners on aggregate stability, pore size distribution, and respiration activity in a sandy loam soil. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33,47–55. Ashraf, M., Akram, N., Arteca, R., & Foolad, M. (2010). The physiological, biochemical and molecular roles of brassinosteroids and salicylic acid in plant processes and salt tolerance. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 29, 162-190. Atiyeh, R., Edwards, C., Subler, S., & Metzger, J. (2001). Pig manure vermicompost as a component of a horticultural bedding plant medium: effects on physicochemical properties and plant growth. Bioresource technology, 78, 11-20. Bachman, G.R., & Metzger, J. (2007). Physical and chemical characteristics of a commercial pottingsubstrate amended with vermicompost produced from two different manure sources. HortTechnology, 17, 336-340. Banziger, M., Edmeades, G.O., Beck, D., & Bellon, M., (2000). Breeding for drought and nitrogen stress tolerance in maize, from theory to practice. CIMMYT, Mexico DF. Bates, L. Waldren, R. and Teare, I. (1973) Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and soil, 39, 205-207. Bates, G. W., & Schlabach, M. R. (1973). The reaction of ferric salts with transferrin. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 248(9), 3228-3232. Beltrano, J., & Ronco, MG. (2008). Improved tolerance of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) to drought stress and rewatering by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus claroideum: Effect on growth and cell membrane stability. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiolojy, 20, 29–37. Campitelli, P., & Ceppi, S. (2008). Chemical, physical and biological compost and vermicompost characterization: a chemometric study. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 90,64–71. Chanda, G.K., Bhunia, G., & Chakraborty, S.K., (2011). The effect of vermicompost and other fertilizerson cultivation of tomato plants. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 3(2), 42-45. Chaudhry, U. K., Gökçe, Z. N. Ö., & Gökçe, A. F. (2021). Drought and salt stress effects on biochemical changes and gene expression of photosystem II and catalase genes in selected onion cultivars. Biologia, 76(10), 3107-3121. Chen, Y., Denobili, M., & Aviad, M., (2004). Stimulatory effects of humic substances on plant growth. Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, Pp: 103-129. Coulibaly, S. S., Ndegwa, P. M., Soro, S. Y., Koné, S., Amoin, E., Kouamé, A. E., & Zoro Bi, I. A. (2020). Vermicompost application rate and timing for optimum productivity of onion (Allium cepa). International Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Research, 16, 38-52. Ebrahimi pak, N. (2011). The effect of Deficit irrigation on the quantity and quality of potato crop in Shahrekord. Soil and water research institute, Karaj, Iran. Final report No. 1695. 56 p. (in Persian) Eghball, B., Ginting, D., & Gilley, J.E. (2004). Residual effects of manure and compost applications on corn production and soil properties. Agronomy Journal, 96, 442-7. Fayez, K.A., & Bazaid, S.A. (2014). Improving drought and salinity tolerance in barley by application of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 13, 45-55. Fedina, I., Georgieva, K., & Grigorova, I. (2002). Light-dark changes in proline content of barley leaves under salt stress. Biologia plantarum, 45, 59-63. Ferreras, L., Gomez, E., Toresani, S., Firpo, I., & Rotondo, R. (2006). Effect of organic amendments on some physical, chemical and biological properties in a horticultural soil. Bioresource Technology, 97, 63-640. Franco, J., Martínez-Sánchez, J., Fernández, J., & Bañón, S. (2006). Selection and nursery production of ornamental plants for landscaping and xerogardening in semi-arid environments. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 81, 3-17. Garcia, A.C., Santos, L. A., Izquierdo, F.G., Rumjanek, V.M. Castro, dos Santos, F.S., de Souza, L.G.A., & Berbara, R.L.L. (2014). Potentialities of vermicompost humic acids to alleviate water stress in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 136, 48-54. García, A.C., Santos, L.A., Izquierdo, F.G., Sperandio, M.V.L., Castro, R.N., & Berbara, R.L.L. (2012). Vermicompost humic acids as an ecological pathway to protect rice plant against oxidative stress. Ecological Engineering, 47, 203-208. Geries, L.S.M., El-Shahawy, T.A., & Moursi, E.A. (2021). Cut-off irrigation as an effective tool to increase water-use efficiency, enhance productivity, quality and storability of some onion cultivars. Agricultural Water Management, 244, 106589. Ghaffari, H., Tadayon, M.R., & Nadeem, M. (2019). Proline-mediated changes in antioxidant enzymatic activities and the physiology of sugar beet under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 41, 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-019-2815-z Gopinath, K.A., Supradip, S., Mina, B.L., Pande, H., Kundu, S., & Gupta, H.S. (2008). Influence of organic amendments on growth, yield and quality of wheat and on soil properties during transition to organic production. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 82(1), 51–60. Hidalgo, P.R., Matta, F.B., & Harkess, R.L. (2006). Physical and chemical properties of substrates containing earthworm castings and effects on marigold growth. HortScience, 41,1474–1476. Jat, R.S., & Ahlawat, I.P.S., (2008). Direct and residual effect of vermicompost, biofertilizers and phosphorus on soil nutrient dynamics and productivity of chickpea-fodder maize sequence. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, 28(1), 41-54. Joshi, R., Singh, J., & Vig, A.P. (2015). Vermicompost as an effective organic fertilizer and biocontrol agent: effect on growth, yield and quality of plants. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 14(1), 137-159. Kadayifci, A., Tuylu, G.I., Ucar, Y., & Cakmak, B. (2005). Crop water use of onion (Allium cepa) in Turkey. Agricultural Water Management, 72, 59-68. Kalfountzos, D., Alexiou, I., Kotsopoulos, S., Zavakos, G., & Vyrlas, P. (2007). Effect of subsurface drip irrigation on cotton plantations. Water Resource Management, 21, 1341–1351. Karimi, M. and M. Jolaini. (2017). Evaluation of agricultural water productivity indices in major field crops in Mashhad Plain (technical note). Water and Sustainable Development, 4(1): 133-138 (in Persian). Kumar, G.A., Bishwas, R., Mahendra, P.S., Vibha, U., & Chandan, K.S., (2011). Effect of fertilizers and vermicompost on growth, yield and biochemical changes in abelmoschus esculentus, Plant Archives, 11(1), 285-287. Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophyll and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. PP. 350-382. In: R. Douce L.Packer (eds). Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press Ins, New York. Lim, S.L., & Wu, T.Y. (2015). Determination of maturity in the vermicompost produced from palm oil mill effluent using spectroscopy, structural characterization and thermogravimetric analysis. Ecological Engineering, 84,515–519. Mafakheri, A., Siosemardeh, A., Bahramnejad, B., Struik, C., & Sohrabi, E. (2010). Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll contents in three chickpea cultivars. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4(8):580-585. Mansour, M.M.F., & Ali, E. F. (2017). Evaluation of proline functions in saline conditions. Phytochemistry, 140, 52-68. Marinari, S., Masciandaro, G., Ceccanti, B., & Grego, S. (2000). Influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil biological and physical properties. Bioresource Technology, 72,9–17. Mcginnis, M., Cooke, A., Bilderback, T., & Lorscheider, M. (2003). Organic fertilizers for basil transplant production. Acta Horticulturea, 491, 213- 218. Miller, G. Suzuki, N. Ciftci‐Yilmaz, S., & Mittler, R. (2010). Reactive oxygen species homeostasis and signalling during drought and salinity stresses. Plant, cell & environment, 33, 453-467. Molden D. J., Sakthivadivel R., Perry C. J., and Fraiture C. de. 1998. Indicators for comparing performance of irrigated agricultural systems. Research Report No. 20, Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Wate Management Institute. Moridi, A., Zarei, M., Moosavi, A. A., & Ronaghi, A. (2019). Influence of PGPR-enriched liquid organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrients uptake of maize under drought condition in calcareous soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(20), 2745-2756. Mouavi, S. Z., Gholami, M., & Baninasab, B. (2018). Effect of vermicompost fertilizer on growth and drought tolerance of olive (Olea europaea). Journal of Plant Process and Function, 7(23), 1-19. Nardi, S., Pizzeghello, D., Muscolo, A., & Vianello, A. (2002). Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34,1527-1536. Nikolaeva, M.K., Maevskaya, S.N., Shugaev, A.G., & Bukhov, N.G. (2010). Effect of drought on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of three wheat cultivars varying in productivity. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 57, 87–95. Ostos, J.C., Lopez-Garrido, R., Murillo, J.M., & Lopez, R. (2008). Substitution of peat for municipal solid waste and sewage sludge-based composts in nursery growing media: Effects on growth and nutrition of the native shrub Pistacia lentiscus L. Bioresource Technology, 99, 1793–1800. Paknejad, F., Nasri, M., Tohidi, H., & Moghadam, H.R. (2007). Effects of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content and grain yield of wheat cultivars. Journal of Biosciences, 7(6), 841-847. Pareek, S., Sagar, N. A., Sharma, S., & Kumar, V. (2017). Onion (allium cepa L.). Fruit and Vegetable Phytochemicals: Chemistry and Human Health, 2nd Edition, 1145-1162. Piri, H., & Naserin, A. (2020). Effect of different levels of water, applied nitrogen and irrigation methods on yield, yield components and IWUE of onion. Scientia Horticulturae, 268, 109361. Rahbarian, P., Afsharmanesh, G., & Shirzadic, M.H. (2010). Effects of drought stress and manure on relative water content and cell membrane stability in dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), Plant Ecophysiol, 2, 13-19. Ramegowda, V., Basu, S., Krishnan, A., & Pereira, A. (2014). Rice growth under drought kinase is required for drought tolerance and grain yield under normal and drought stress conditions. Plant Physiology, 166,1634-1645. Rashtbari, M., Alikhani, H., & Ghorchiani, M. (2012). Effect of vermicompost and municipal solid waste compost on growth and yield of canola under drought stress. International Journal of Agriculture: Research and Review, 2, 395-402. Rezadoost, S., Roshdi, M., & Hajihasani, N. (2009). The effect of deficit irrigation on grain and oil yield of rapeseed cultivars in Khoy region. Journal of research in crop sciences. 2(6), 1-11. (in Persian) Seleiman, M. F., Al-Suhaibani, N., Ali, N., Akmal, M., Alotaibi, M., Refay, Y., ... & Battaglia, M. L. (2021). Drought stress impacts on plants and different approaches to alleviate its adverse effects. Plants, 10(2), 259. Semida, W. M., Abdelkhalik, A., Rady, M. O., Marey, R. A., & Abd El-Mageed, T. A. (2020). Exogenously applied proline enhances growth and productivity of drought stressed onion by improving photosynthetic efficiency, water use efficiency and up-regulating osmoprotectants. Scientia Horticulturae, 272, 109580. Shao, H.B., Chu, L.Y., Jaleel, C.A. & Zhao, C.X. (2008). Water-deficit stress-induced anatomical changes in higher plants. Comptes rendus biologies, 331, 215-225. Tartoura, A.H. (2010). Alleviation of oxidative-stress induced by drought through application of compost in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 9(2), 208-216. Tolossa, T.T. (2021). Onion yield response to irrigation level during low and high sensitive growth stages and bulb quality under semi-arid climate conditions of Western Ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 7(1), 1859665. Uma, B., & Malathi, M. (2009). Vermicompost as a soil supplement to improve growth and yield of Amaranthus species. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5, 1054-1060. Wang, Y. Ma, F. Li, M. Liang, D., & Zou, J. (2011). Physiological responses of kiwifruit plants to exogenous ABA under drought conditions. Plant Growth Regulation, 64, 63-74. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 6 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 4 |