
تعداد نشریات | 163 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,762 |
تعداد مقالات | 72,839 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 131,894,983 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 103,545,839 |
شناسایی محرکها و پیامدهای الگوی شهرخلاق در ایران | ||
نشریه هنرهای زیبا: معماری و شهرسازی | ||
دوره 29، شماره 4، اسفند 1403، صفحه 7-26 اصل مقاله (2.72 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jfaup.2025.386244.673025 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
عطیه اکبرپور1؛ مصطفی بهزادفر* 2 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران. | ||
2استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
الگوی شهرخلاق بهعنوان رویکردی نوین در سیاستگذاری توسعه شهری، زمینهساز ارتقای کیفیت زندگی، افزایش رقابتپذیری شهری و توسعه پایدار است. مطالعات متعددی به شناسایی شاخصهای این الگو پرداختهاند، اما تفکیک این شاخصها در دو دستهی «محرکهای شکلگیری الگو» و «پیامدهای ناشی از اجرای الگو»، نهتنها موجب درک عمیقتری از مفهوم شهر خلاق میشود، بلکه دستاوردهای نظری این حوزه را به راهبردهای اجرایی نزدیکتر میکند. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف تحلیل روابط علی و معلولی میان شاخصهای کلیدی شهر خلاق در ایران انجام شده است. در گام نخست، با مرور نظاممند ادبیات جهانی، مؤلفههای کلیدی این الگو استخراج شدند و در گام بعد، با استفاده از شیوه DEMATEL فازی، میزان تأثیرگذاری این شاخصها تحلیل گردید. یافتهها نشان داد که «صنایع فرهنگی و خلاق بومی»، «نگرش پذیرا و تنوع» و «حکمرانی دموکراتیک و فرهنگی»، نقشی اساسی در شکلگیری شهر خلاق در ایران دارند. درمقابل، شاخصهای «درآمد خلاق شهری»، «برندسازی خلاق» و «اشتغالزایی خلاق» از پیامدهای اجرای این الگو محسوب میشوند. تفکیک شاخصهای تأثیرگذار از موارد تأثیرپذیر، به مدیران شهری امکان میدهد تا بهجای تمرکز بر حجم انبوهی از شاخصها، بر عوامل اولویتدار در تحقق شهر خلاق تمرکز کنند. چنین رویکردی، ضمن بهینهسازی فرآیند تصمیمگیری، میتواند به تدوین راهبردهای عملیاتی هدفمند و کارآمدتر در راستای توسعه شهرهای خلاق منجر شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شهرخلاق؛ DEMATEL فازی؛ محیط خلاق؛ نشاط فرهنگی؛ زیرساختهای مدیریتی | ||
مراجع | ||
Alsayel, A., de Jong, M., & Fransen, J. (2022). Can creative cities be inclusive too? How do Dubai, Amsterdam and Toronto navigate the tensions between creativity and inclusiveness in their adoption of city brands and policy initiatives? Cities, 128, 103786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103786 Askar, R. A. (2021). Cultural Creativity and Social Inclusion in Creative Cities. Handbook of Research on Creative Cities and Advanced Models for Knowledge-Based Urban Development, 265–283. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4948-3.ch013 Bajestani, S. A., Stupples, P., & Kiddle, R. (2022). The relationship between creative developments and place: a position paper. Journal of Place Management and Development, 16(2), 248–266. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-05-2022-0041 Bell, D., & Jayne, M. (2010). The creative countryside: Policy and practice in the UK rural cultural economy. Journal of Rural Studies, 26(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2010.01.001 Bonelli, D., Jutel, T., & Leotta, A. (2019). ‘Selling the creative city’: Wellington tourism film in the neoliberal era. Studies in Australasian Cinema, 13(2–3), 32–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/17503175.2019.1693149 Bordat, E. M. (2013). Institutionalization and change in cultural policy: CONACULTA and cultural policy in Mexico (1988–2006). International Journal of Cultural Policy, 19(2), 222–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2011.638980 Borseková, K., Vaňová, A., & Vitálišová, K. (2017). Building Košice European Capital of Culture: Towards a Creative City? Tourism in the City, 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26877-4_13 Caragliu, A., & Del Bo, C. F. (2019). Smart innovative cities: The impact of Smart City policies on urban innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142, 373–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.022 Cerisola, S., & Panzera, E. (2021). Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy. Sustainability, 13(13), 7150. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137150 Cerreta, M., Daldanise, G., La Rocca, L., & Panaro, S. (2021). Triggering Active Communities for Cultural Creative Cities: The “Hack the City” Play ReCH Mission in the Salerno Historic Centre (Italy). Sustainability, 13(21), 11877. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111877 Cohen, D. (2015). Grounding mobile policies: Ad hoc networks and the creative city. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 36(1), 23–37. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjtg.12090 d’Ovidio, M., & Cossu, A. (2017). Culture is reclaiming the creative city: The case of Macao in Milan, Italy. City, Culture and Society, 8, 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2016.04.001 Daniel, R. (2015). Creative industries in the tropics. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 36(2), 215–230. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjtg.12099 Das, D. K. (2016). Engendering Creative City Image by Using Information Communication Technology in Developing Countries. Urban Planning, 1(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v1i3.686 d'Ovidio, M. (2016). The creative city does not exist: Critical essays on the creative and cultural economy of cities. Ledizioni, Du, Y.-W., & Li, X.-X. (2021). Hierarchical DEMATEL method for complex systems. Expert Systems with Applications, 167, 113871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113871 Durmaz, S. B. (2015). Analyzing the Quality of Place: Creative Clusters in Soho and Beyoğlu. Journal of Urban Design, 20(1), 93–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2014.972348 Esmaeilpoorarabi, N., Yigitcanlar, T., & Guaralda, M. (2018). Place quality in innovation clusters: An empirical analysis of global best practices from Singapore, Helsinki, New York, and Sydney. Cities, 74, 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.11.017 European Union. (2017). The cultural and creative cities monitor. Brussels, Belgium: European Union. Figueiredo, J. L., Santos Vieira de Jesus, D., Tavares Robaina, D., & Lohmann Couri, C. (2019). The development potential index of creative economy for Brazilian federal state capitals. Creative Industries Journal, 12(2), 185–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/17510694.2019.1610344 Florida, R. (2002a). Cities and the creative class. American Sociological Association, 2(1), 3–19. Florida, R. (2002b). The rise of the creative class (Vol. 9). New York: Basic books. Florida, R. (2005). Cities and the Creative Class. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203997673 Gilbert, K. L., Ransome, Y., Dean, L. T., DeCaille, J., & Kawachi, I. (2022). Social Capital, Black Social Mobility, and Health Disparities. Annual Review of Public Health, 43(1), 173–191. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052020-112623 Goldberg-Miller, S. B. D. (2019). Creative city strategies on the municipal agenda in New York. City, Culture and Society, 17, 26–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2018.08.004 Grodach, C. (2017). Urban cultural policy and creative city making. Cities, 68, 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.05.015 Guimarães, A. D., Ribeiro, S. B., & Machado, A. F. (2021). Repercussion of the label in a comparative analysis of indicators: the case of two UNESCO Creative Cities. Creative Industries Journal, 14(2), 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/17510694.2020.1796461 Hospers, G.-J. (2003). Creative cities in Europe: urban competitiveness in the knowledge economy. Intereconomics, 38(5), 260–269. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03031728 Howkins, J. (2002). The creative economy: How people make money from ideas. Penguin UK. Jassbi, J., Mohamadnejad, F., & Nasrollahzadeh, H. (2011). A Fuzzy DEMATEL framework for modeling cause and effect relationships of strategy map. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(5), 5967–5973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.11.026 Jones, P. and Evans, J. (2013), Urban Regeneration in the UK: Boom, Bust and Recovery, Sage, London. https://doi.org/10.1108/meq.2013.08324daa.009 Jurėnė, S., & Jurėnienė, V. (2017). Creative cities and clusters. Transformations in business & economics, 16(2), 214-234. Kanokphanvanich, C., Rattanawong, W., & Vongmanee, V. (2023). A New Model for a Sustainable Healthcare Supply Chain Prioritizes Patient Safety: Using the Fuzzy Delphi Method to Identify Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives. Sustainability, 15(9), 7123. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097123 Khoo, S. L. (2020). Towards an inclusive creative city: How ready is the Historic City of George Town, Penang? City, Culture and Society, 23, 100367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2020.100367 Khoo, S. L., Badarulzaman, N., Samat, N., & Sheikh Dawood, S. R. (2017). Locational Decisions in a Creative City: Evidence from Penang’s Architectural Firms. Kajian Malaysia, 35(1), 69–89. https://doi.org/10.21315/km2017.35.1.4 Kim, S., & Comunian, R. (2024). Higher education and sustainable creative cities: The development of creative and cultural ecosystems in the (new) capital city of Kazakhstan. Industry and Higher Education, 38(1), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222231222258 Landry C (2008) The Creative City. A Toolkit for Urban Innovators. Earthscan, London. Landry, C. (2012). The Creative City. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849772945 Lavanga, M., & Drosner, M. (2020). Towards a New Paradigm of the Creative City or the Same Devil in Disguise? Culture-led Urban (Re)development and Sustainability. Cultural Industries and the Environmental Crisis, 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49384-4_8 Leng, K.S., Badarulzaman, N., Samat, N., Sirat, M., & Dawood, S. R.S (2015). Creative cities research in Penang, Malaysia: A review of conceptual and methodological framework. Planning Malaysia, 13. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v13i5.136 Leng, K. S., Mui, L. Y., & Badarulzaman, N. (2023). Glocalizing creative hub concept for malaysian creative city development: A conceptual review. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2023-1901-07 Levickaitė, R. (2011). Four Approaches to the Creative Economy: General Overview. Business, Management and Education, 9(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2011.06 Li, Y., Hu, Y., Zhang, X., Deng, Y., & Mahadevan, S. (2014). An evidential DEMATEL method to identify critical success factors in emergency management. Applied Soft Computing, 22, 504–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2014.03.042 Li, R., & Tzeng, G. H. (2014). Fuzzy DEMATEL method for group decision-making in urban sustainability assessment. Sustainable Cities and Society, 10, 136-147. Liou, J. J. H., Yen, L., & Tzeng, G.-H. (2008). Building an effective safety management system for airlines. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14(1), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2007.10.002 Liu, H., Silva, E. A., & Wang, Q. (2015). The Development of Creative Industries and Urban Land Use: Revisit the Interactions from Complexity Perspective. Creative Industries and Urban Spatial Structure, 15–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16610-0_2 Mareque, M., de Prada Creo, E., & Álvarez-Díaz, M. (2021). Exploring Creative Tourism Based on the Cultural and Creative Cities (C3) Index and Using Bootstrap Confidence Intervals. Sustainability, 13(9), 5145. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095145 Masoudi, M., & Asadifard, E. (2023). Developing a new model for ecological capability evaluation of irrigated lands in Firouzabad Township, Iran. Aestimum, 81. https://doi.org/10.36253/aestim-13390 Męczyński, M. (2020). Development paths of creative cities: the case studies of Birmingham and Poznań. Acta Geographica Universitatis Comenianae, 64(2), 125-139. Mengi, O., & Guaralda, M. (2020). Multidimensional management framework for creative places. Journal of Place Management and Development, 13(3), 297–317. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-02-2019-0010 Mengi, O., Drinkwater, S. B. D., Öner, A. C., & Velibeyoglu, K. (2017). Place management of a creative city: the case of Izmir. International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development, 8(3), 271. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijkbd.2017.086437 Meyrick, J., & Barnett, T. (2021). From public good to public value: arts and culture in a time of crisis. Cultural Trends, 30(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2020.1844542 Mommaas, H. (2004). Cultural Clusters and the Post-industrial City: Towards the Remapping of Urban Cultural Policy. Urban Studies, 41(3), 507–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000178663 Montalto, V., Panella, F., & Sacco, P. L. (2021). What does Brexit mean for UK cultural and creative cities? European Urban and Regional Studies, 28(1), 47–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776420970630 Morley, E. (2014). The Validating Arts & Livability Indicators (VALI) Study: Results and Recommendations-Prepared by the Urban Institute for the National Endowment for the Arts. Murphy, E., & Redmond, D. (2009). The role of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ factors for accommodating creative knowledge: insights from Dublin’s ‘creative class.’ Irish Geography, 42(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/00750770902815620 Namyślak, B. (2014). Cooperation and Forming Networks of Creative Cities: Polish Experiences. European Planning Studies, 22(11), 2411–2427. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.843652 Nkula-Wenz, L. (2019). Worlding Cape Town by design: Encounters with creative cityness. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 51(3), 581–597. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18796503 Orankiewicz, A., & Turała, M. (2021). Exploring paths to creative city emergence. The example of three Polish cities. Regional Science Policy & Practice, 13(3), 659–673. https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12394 Orcao, A. I. E., Pérez, L. A. S., & García, B. S. V. (2017). Patterns and drivers of cultural economy in Spain’s extra-metropolitan small towns. Journal of Regional Research, (38), 27-45. Peck, J. (2012). Recreative City: Amsterdam, Vehicular Ideas and the Adaptive Spaces of Creativity Policy. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 36(3), 462–485. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2011.01071.x Phriwanrat, K. (2020). The Research and Development of Tie-dyed Handicraft Products From Krabi Province for the Designing of Ko Klang Community’s Contemporary Souvenirs, Leading Krabi Province to Creative City. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 119-137. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2020.6 Pourbehi, T., Jafarinia, G., Shamsoddini, A., & Ghalehteimouri, K. J. (2023). Introducing creative city factors as a solution in sustainable urban development: a case study from Bushehr City in Iran. Journal of Urban Culture Research, 26, 206-225. https://doi.org/10.14456/jucr.2023.12 Punpeng, G. (2020). Three Pillars of a Sustainable Creative City in ASEAN. Journal of Urban Culture Research, 125. https://doi.org/10.14456/jucr.2020.16 Redaelli, E. (2016). Creative placemaking and the NEA: unpacking a multi-level governance. Policy Studies, 37(4), 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2016.1157857 Rodrigues, M., & Franco, M. (2020a). Networks and performance of creative cities: A bibliometric analysis. City, Culture and Society, 20, 100326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2019.100326 Rodrigues, M., & Franco, M. (2020b). Taxonomy of Holistic Performance of Current Creative Cities: Empirical Study. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 146(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000548 Rodrigues, M., Franco, M., Oliveira, C., Borges, A. P., & Silva, R. (2023). The Pandemic and the Creative Performance of Cities: An Empirical Study in Portugal. Smart Cities, 6(1), 445–468. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6010021 Rowe, G., & Wright, G. (2011). The Delphi technique: Past, present, and future prospects — Introduction to the special issue. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 78(9), 1487–1490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2011.09.002 Scott, A. J. (2006). Creative Cities: Conceptual Issues and Policy Questions. Journal of Urban Affairs, 28(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2166.2006.00256.x Shieh, J.-I., Wu, H.-H., & Huang, K.-K. (2010). A DEMATEL method in identifying key success factors of hospital service quality. Knowledge-Based Systems, 23(3), 277–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2010.01.013 Sokół, A. (2019). Empirical verification of the relationship between creative life orientations of the creative class and the creative city. GeoScape, 13(1), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2019-0006 Stefanidou, A. (2023). The Challenges Cities Face on Their Way Towards Creativity. Handbook of Research on Solving Societal Challenges Through Sustainability-Oriented Innovation, 135–158. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6123-5.ch008 Tan, S., & Tan, S. (2023). A creative place‐making framework – Story‐creation for a sustainable development. Sustainable Development, 31(5), 3673–3691. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2619 Trip, J. J., & Romein, A. (2014). Creative City Policy and the Gap with Theory. European Planning Studies, 22(12), 2490–2509. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.790592 Ursic, M. (2019). Inadequate adaptation of creative city paradigm? Taiwanese cultural and creative-led urban regeneration policies through the eyes of urban development experts. Space and Polity, 23(1), 67–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562576.2019.1598257 Wong, B. (2012). The attractiveness of moving to a creative cluster (Master’s thesis, Erasmus University Rotterdam). Wood, S., & Dovey, K. (2017). Creative Multiplicities: Urban Morphologies of Creative Clustering. Journal of Urban Design, 20(1), 52–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2014.972346 Wu, W. (2005). Dynamic Cities and Creative Clusters. World Bank, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3509 Wu, W.-W., & Lee, Y.-T. (2007). Developing global managers’ competencies using the fuzzy DEMATEL method. Expert Systems with Applications, 32(2), 499–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2005.12.005 Yu, C.-E., & Sun, R. (2019). The role of Instagram in the UNESCO’s creative city of gastronomy: A case study of Macau. Tourism Management, 75, 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.05.011 Yum, S. (2020). How Can We Measure the Magnitude of Creative Cities? A New Creativity Index: 3Ci. Creativity Research Journal, 32(2), 174–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2020.1751543 Zhang, C. (2019). The Chinese mosaic: Cultural diversity and creative cities. Journal of Regional Science, 59(2), 214–227. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12416 Zheng, J. (2021). Structuring artistic creativity for the production of a ‘creative city’:Urban sculpture planning in Shanghai. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 45(5), 795–813. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12986 Zhou, Q., Huang, W., & Zhang, Y. (2011). Identifying critical success factors in emergency management using a fuzzy DEMATEL method. Safety Science, 49(2), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2010.08.005 Zhu, H., & Yasami, M. (2021). Developing gastronomic resources: practices of UNESCO creative cities of gastronomy. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 39(4), 1406–1414. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.394spl11-784 | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 115 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 142 |