اثر پروپیلن گلیکول و گلیسرول به همراه منبع پروتئینی غنی از اسیدهای آمینه شاخه‌دار بر عملکرد گاوهای هلشتاین تازه‌زا

REFERENCES

Abo El-Nor S, Abu Ghazaleh AA, Potu RB, Hastings D, Khattab MSA.(2010). Effects of differing levels of glycerol on rumen fermentation and bacteria. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010;162(3):99e105.

AbuGhazaleh AA, Abo, El-Nor S, Ibrahim SA.(2011). The effect of replacing corn with glycerol on ruminal bacteria in continuous culture fermenters. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011;95:313e9.

Andrade GP de, Carvalho FFR de, Batista ^AMV, Pessoa RAS, da Costa CA, Cardoso DB, et al. (2018). Evaluation of crude glycerin as a partial substitute of corn grain in growing diets for lambs. Small Rumin Res 2018;165:41e7.

Appuhamy, J. A. D. R. N., J. R. Knapp, O. Becvar, J. Escobar, and M. D. Hanigan. (2011). Effects of jugular-infused lysine, methionine, and branched-chain amino acids on milk protein synthesis in highproducing dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2011; 94:1952–1960.

Bajramaj DL, Curtis RV, Kim JJM, Corredig M, Doelman J, Wright TC, et al.(2017).  Addition of glycerol to lactating cow diets stimulates dry matter intake and milk protein yield to a greater extent than addition of corn grain. J Dairy Sci 2017;100(8): 6139e50.

Butler, S.T.; Pelton, S.H.; Butler, W.R. (2006). Energy balance, metabolic status, and the first postpartum ovarian follicle wave in cows administered propylene glycol. J. Dairy Sci. 2006; 89, 2938–2951.

Chung, I. D. Girard and G. A. Varga. (2009). Effects of feeding dry propylene glycol to early postpartum Holstein dairy cows on production and blood parameters. Animal. 2009; 3:10, pp 1368–1377

Cozzi G, Berzaghi P, Gottordo F, Gabai G, Andrighetto I. (1996). Effects of feeding propylene glycol to mid-lactating dairy cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1996; 64:43-51.

Donkin SS, Koser SL, White HM, Doane PH, Cecava MJ. (2009). Feeding value of glycerol as a replacement for corn grain in rations fed to lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2009;92(10):5111e9.

Donkin SS, Pallatin MR, Doane PH, Cecava MJ, White HM, Barnes E, et al. (2007). Performance of dairy cows fed glycerol as a primary feed ingredient. J Dairy Sci 2007;90:350.

DeFrain JM, Hippen AR, Kalscheur KF, Jardon PW. (2004). Feeding glycerol to transition dairy cows: effects on blood metabolites and lactation performance. J Dairy Sci 2004;87(12):4195e206.

Emery RS, Herdt TH. Lipid nutrition. (1991). Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 1991; 7:341–352.

Ezequiel JMB, Sancanari JBD, Machado Neto OR, da Silva ZF, Almeida MTC, Silva DAV, et al. (2015). Effects of high concentrations of dietary crude glycerin on dairy cow productivity and milk quality. J Dairy Sci 2015;98(11):8009e17.

Gordon, J. L., S. J. Leblanc, and T. F. Duffield. (2013). Ketosis treatment in lactating dairy cattle. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 2013;29:433–445

Graber, M., S. Kohler, T. Kaufmann, M. G. Doherr, R. M. Bruckmaier, and H. A. van Dorland. (2010). A field study on characteristics and diversity of gene expression in the liver of dairy cows during the transition period. J. Dairy Sci. 2010;93:5200–5215

Ji, P., and H. M. Dann. (2013). Negative protein balance: Implications for fresh and transition cows. In Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers. Department of Animal Science in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University, Syracuse, NY.2013

Johnson RB. (1954). The treatment of ketosis with glycerol and propylene glycol. Cornell Vet 1954;44:6e21.

Juchem, S.O.; Santos, F.A.P.; Imaizumi, H.; Pires, A.V.; Barnabé, E.C. (2004). Production and blood parameters of holstein cows treated prepartum with sodium monensin or propylene glycol1. J. Dairy Sci. 2004; 87, 680–689.

Kass M, Ariko T, Samarütel J, Ling K, Jaakson H, Kaart T, et al.(2013).  Long-term oral drenching of crude glycerol to primiparous dairy cows in early lactation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013;184:58e66.

Khalili H, Varvikko T, Toivonen V, Hissa K, Suvitie M.(1997).  The effects of added glycerol or unprotected free fatty acids or a combination of the two on silage intake, milk production, rumen fermentation and diet digestibility in cows given grass silage based diets. Agric Food Sci Finl 1997;6:349e62.

Kristensen NB, Raun BML.(2007).  Ruminal fermentation, portal absorption, and hepatic metabolism of glycerol infused into the rumen of lactating dairy cows. In: Ortigues- Marty I, editor. Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition e

 Proceedings of the 2nd International symposium on energy and protein metabolism and nutrition. The Netherlands: EAAP Publication No. 124. Wageningen Academic Publishers. 2007; p. 355e6.

Larsen, M., H. Lapierre, and N. B. Kristensen. (2014). Abomasal protein infusion in postpartum transition dairy cows: Effect on performance and mammary metabolism. J. Dairy Sci. 2014;97:5608–5622.

Leal Yepes, S. Mann, T. R. Overton, C. M. Ryan, L. S. Bristol,  G. E. Granados,  D. V. Nydam, and J. J. Wakshlag. (2018). Effect of rumen-protected branched-chain amino acid supplementation on production- and energy-related metabolites during the first 35 days in milk in Holstein dairy cow. J. Dairy Sci.2018; 102:1–16 

 Leal Yepes,  S. Mann,  T. R. Overton,  E. Behling-Kelly,  D. V. Nydam,  and J. J. Wakshlag (2021). Hepatic effects of rumen-protected branched-chain amino acids with or without propylene glycol supplementation in dairy cows during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 2021;104:10324–10337

Lee S-Y, Lee S-M, Cho Y-B, Kam D-K, Lee S-C, Kim C-H, et al. (2011). Glycerol as a feed supplement for ruminants: in vitro fermentation characteristics and methane production. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2011;166e167:269e74.

Lien, T. F., L. B. Chang, Y. M. Hong, and C. P. Wu. (2010). Effects of propylene glycol on milk production, serum metabolites, and reproductive performance during the transition period of dairy cows. Asian-australas. J. Anim. Sci. 2010;23:372–378.

Liu, C. Wang, W. Z. Yang, W. W. Zhang, X. M. Yang, D. C. He, K. H. Dong and Y. X. Huang (2009). Effects of feeding propylene glycol on dry matter intake, lactation performance, energy balance and blood metabolites in early lactation dairy cows. Animal, 3:10, pp 1420–1427

Lomander H, Fr€ossling J, Ingvartsen KL, Gustafsson H, Svensson C. (2012). Supplemental feeding with glycerol or propylene glycol of dairy cows in early lactationdeffects on metabolic status, body condition, and milk yield. J Dairy Sci 2012;95(5):2397e408.

Mann, S., A. Abuelo, D. V. Nydam, F. A. Leal Yepes, T. R. Overton, and J. J. Wakshlag. (2016). Insulin signaling and skeletal muscle atrophy and autophagy in transition dairy cows either overfed energy or fed a controlled energy diet prepartum. J. Comp. Physiol. B 186:513–525.

mcart , D. v. nydam , p. a. Ospina ,and G. r. Oetzel  (2011). A field trial on the effect of propylene glycol on milk yield and resolution of ketosis in fresh cows diagnosed with subclinical ketosis. J. Dairy Sci. 94 :6011–6020

McArt, J.A.A.; Nydam, D.V.; Ospina, P.A.; Oetzel, G.R. (2011). A field trial on the efect of propylene glycol on milk yield and resolution of ketosis in fresh cows diagnosed with subclinical ketosis. J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94, 6011–6020.

Miyoshi, S., J. L. Pate, and D. L. Palmquist. (2001). Effects of propylene glycol drenching on energy balance, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, ovarian function and conception in dairy cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 68:29–43.

Nielsen, K.L. Ingvartsen. (2004). Propylene glycol for dairy cows A review of the metabolism of propylene glycol and its effects on physiological parameters, feed intake, milk production and risk of ketosis. Animal Feed Science and Technology 115  191–213

NRC .(2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle: 2001, National Academies Press.

Omazic AW, Tråv_en M, Bertilsson J, Holtenius K.(2013).  High- and low-purity glycerine supplementation to dairy cows in early lactation: effects on silage intake, milk production and metabolism. Animal ;7(09):1479e85.

Osman, M. A., P. S. Allen, N. A. Mehyar, G. Bobe, J. F. Coetzee, K. J. Koehler, and D. C. Beitz. (2008). Acute metabolic responses of postpartal dairy cows to subcutaneous glucagon injections, oral glycerol, or both. J. Dairy Sci. 91:3311–3322.

Østergaard, S.; Krogh, M.A.; Oliveira, V.H.S.; Larsen, T.; Otten, N.D. (2020). Only few benefits from propylene glycol drench in early lactation for cows identified as physiologically imbalanced based on milk spectra analyses. J. Dairy Sci. 2020, 103, 1831–1842.

Overton, T. R., J. A. A. McArt, and D. V. Nydam. (2017). A 100- year review: Metabolic health indicators and management of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 100:10398–10417.  

Paiva PG, Del Valle TA, Jesus EF, Bettero VP, Almeida G, Bueno ICS, et al. (2016). Effects of crude glycerin on milk composition, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows fed corn silage-based diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016;212:136e42.

Piantoni and M. S. Allen. (2015). Evaluation of propylene glycol and glycerol infusions as treatments for ketosis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 98:5429–5439

Rewatkar HN, Padole RM, Jagdale RA, Godbole PV, Jadhao AD and Kolaskar AG  (2019). A complete review on propylene glycol for dairy cows. International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry 2019; 4(3): 09-16

Saleem AM, Zanouny AI, Singar AM. (2018). Effect of glycerol supplementation during early lactation on milk yield, milk composition, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites of dairy buffaloes. Animal 2018;12(4):757e63.

Shin JH, Wang D, Kim SC, Adesogan AT, Staples CR. (2012). Effects of feeding crude glycerin on performance and ruminal kinetics of lactating Holstein cows fed corn silageor cottonseed hull-based, low-fiber diets. J Dairy Sci 2012;95(7):4006e16.

Shingfield, S. Jaakkola, P. Huhtanen. (2002). Effect of forage conservation method, concentrate level and propylene glycol on diet digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolite concentrations and nutrient utilisation of dairy cows. . Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2002;Volume 97, Issues 1–2, 24 , Pages 1-21

Südekum K-H. (2008). Co-products from biodiesel production. In  Recent advances in animal nutrition 2007. Nottingham, UK. Nottingham University Press. 2008; p. 201e19.

Thoh D, Pakdeechanuan P, Chanjula P. (2017). Effect of supplementary glycerin on milk composition and heat stability in dairy goats. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2017;30(12):1711e7.

Thompson, J. C., and B. B. He. (2006). Characterization of crude glycerol from biodiesel production from multiple feedstocks. Appl. Eng. Agric. 2006;22:261–265.

Wang C, Liu Q, Huo WJ, Yang WZ, Dong KH, Huang YX, et al. (2009). Effects of glycerol on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers. Livest Sci 2009;121(1):15e20.