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ارزیابی شاخصهای زیستمحیطی آلودگی خاک به عنصر سرب در بخشی از اراضی شهرری استان تهران | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 9، آذر 1403، صفحه 1485-1503 اصل مقاله (2.29 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.378270.669735 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
شهلا رحمانی سیالرز؛ علی کشاورزی* ؛ فریدون سرمدیان؛ محسن فرحبخش | ||
گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
با توسعه سریع صنعت و اقتصاد، ورود آلایندههای زیستمحیطی و در صدر آنها فلزات سنگین به خاک، موجب افزایش نگرانی جامعه جهانی دررابطهبا سلامت جامعه و امنیت غذایی شده است. ازاینرو آگاهی و ارزیابی در مورد این عناصر، به شاخصی مهم در پیشبینی خطرات و بیماریهای ناشی از آنها و تعیین استانداردهای کیفیت خاک تبدیل شده است. مطالعه حاضر باهدف کمّیسازی آلودگی فلز سرب با استفاده از شاخصهای زیستمحیطی مختلف در بخشی از اراضی شهرری استان تهران انجام پذیرفت. بدین منظور 44 نمونه مرکب خاک از عمق 0 تا 20 سانتیمتری تهیه و پس از آمادهسازی نمونهها، اندازهگیری برخی خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی به روشهای استاندارد انجام و سپس میزان غلظت کل سرب خاک به روش استاندارد تعیین شد. در این تحقیق از سه شاخص زیستمحیطی شامل فاکتور غنیشدگی (EF)، شاخص زمینانباشتگی (Igeo) و فاکتور آلودگی (Cƒ) جهت ارزیابی پتانسیل خطرپذیری فلز سرب استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد همه نمونههای بررسیشده از نظر سرب کل (با میانگین 99/135 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم) دارای غلظتی بالاتر از حد استاندارد و قابل توصیه سرب برای ایران بودند که تاثیرات استقرار و جانمایی منابع احتمالی آلاینده در منطقه و نقش فعالیتهای انسانی را به وضوح نمایان میساخت. از نظر شاخص زمین انباشتگی با دامنه تغییرات (90/2-46/2) نمونهها در کلاس آلودگی متوسط تا شدید و برای فاکتور غنیشدگی با کمینه و بیشینه (31/9-48/6) همه نمونهها در کلاس غنیشدگی زیاد قرار میگیرند. فاکتور آلودگی نیز با دامنه تغییرات (24/11-25/8) نمونهها را در کلاس آلودگی خیلی زیاد به این عنصر قرار داد. تفسیر نتایج شاخصهای زیستمحیطی نشان دهندهی بالا بودن مقادیر آلودگی سرب بوده که عمدتاً تحت تأثیر فعالیتهای انسانی است و نظارت مستمر و پایش تغییرات غلظت این عنصر در خاکهای موردمطالعه، برای حفظ منابع تولید و دستیابی به امنیت غذایی ضروری است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
سرب؛ شهرری؛ شاخص زمینانباشتگی؛ فاکتور آلودگی؛ فاکتور غنیشدگی | ||
مراجع | ||
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