پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,252 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,992 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 116,063,242 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,832,502 |
اثرات کمپوست زباله شهری و کود دامی بر کمبود آب در گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 55، شماره 1، فروردین 1403، صفحه 17-32 اصل مقاله (1.66 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.364735.669564 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| انتصار کاظم جواد1؛ علی اشرف امیری نژاد* 2؛ جابر اسماعیل خلف محمد3 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| 3گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بغداد، بغداد، عراق | ||
| چکیده | ||
| خشکی از رایج‌ترین و مهم‌ترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک است. برای کاهش اثرات خشکی بر گیاهان می‌توان از بعضی از مواد اصلاح‌کننده آلی استفاده کرد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر کمپوست زباله شهری و کود گاوی بر خصوصیات رشدی گیاه دارویی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L) تحت شرایط کمبود آب انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1401 در گلخانه دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه انجام شد. تیمار‌های آزمایشی شامل کمبود -آب در سه سطح (50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه)، کود دامی در سه سطح (15، 30 و 45 تن در هکتار) و کمپوست زباله شهری در سه سطح (15، 30 و 45 تن در هکتار) بودند. برای فاکتور کود دامی، تیمار بدون کود و همچنین برای فاکتور کمپوست، تیمار بدون مصرف کمپوست به عنوان تیمار شاهد در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات متقابل کمپوست و کود دامی تحت شرایط کمبود آب بر بیشتر ویژگی‌های رشدی و نیز مقادیر پرولین، قندهای محلول و رنگیزه‌های گیاهی معنی‌دارشد (010/0≤P). حداکثر وزن ماده خشک شاخساره و ریشه (به ترتیب 1/2 و 7/1 گرم)، ارتفاع گیاه (1/24 سانتی‌متر)، سطح برگ (5/75 سانتی‌متر مربع) و محتوای نسبی آب برگ (3/77 درصد) در شرایط کاربرد 45 تن در هکتار کمپوست، 45 تن در هکتار کود دامی و رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه به‌دست آمد. همچنین، بیشترین غلظت پرولین (78/9 میکرو‌مول بر گرم) و قندهای محلول (06/1 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) در شرایط اعمال 50 درصد رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه و بدون کاربرد کمپوست و کود دامی حاصل شد. به‌طورکلی، کاربرد هم‌زمان کمپوست زباله شهری و کود دامی، یک روش ساده، مناسب و ارزان در راستای کاهش اثر کمبود آب در گیاه دارویی ریحان است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اصلاح‌کننده آلی؛ پرولین؛ کمبود آب؛ گیاهان دارویی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of municipal waste compost and farmyard manure on reducing drought stress in basil (Ocimum basilicum L) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Entasar Kazem Javad1؛ Ali Asshraf Amirinejad2؛ Esmaeil Khalf Mohhamad3 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Drought is one of the most common and important factors limiting production in arid and semi-arid regions. Some organic amendments can be used to reduce the effects of drought on plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of municipal waste compost and farmyard manure on the growth characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L) under water deficit. A factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications in 2022 in the greenhouse of Razi University, Kermanshah. The factors included water deficit (at three levels of 50, 75 and 100 % of field capacity (FC), farmyard manure (at three levels of 15, 30 and 45 ton/ha) and municipal waste compost (at three levels of 15, 30 and 45 ton/ha). For the manure, the treatment without manure and also for the compost, the treatment without compost is considered as the control. The results showed that the interaction effect of compost and farmyard manure under water deficit on most of the growth characteristics as well as the amounts of proline, soluble sugars and plant pigments were significant (P≤0.01). The highest shoot and root dry weight (2.1 and 1.7 g, respectively), shoot height (24.1 cm), leaf area (75.5 cm2) and relative water content (29.3 %) were obtained with application of 45 tons/ha of compost, 45 tons/ha of manure and FC. Also, the highest amount of proline (9.78 μmol/g) and soluble sugars (1.06 mg/g) were found under 50% of FC, without the use of compost and manure. In general, the simultaneous use of municipal waste compost and farmyard manure is a simple, suitable and cheap strategy to reduce the effects of water deficit in basil. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Herbal plants, Organic amendments, Proline, Water deficit | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahanger, M. A., Morad‐Talab, N., Abd‐Allah, E. F., Ahmad, P., and Hajiboland, R. (2016). Plant growth under drought stress: Significance of mineral nutrients. In: Water stress and crop plants: a sustainable approach, (Ed. Ahmad P.), pp.649-668. Pubisher: Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119054450.ch37. Ahmadian, A., Ghanbari, A., Siahsar, B., Heidari, M., Ramroudi, M., and Moosavi-Nik, S.M. (2010). Residual effect of chemical and animal fertilizers and compost on yield, yield components, physiological characteristics and essential oil content of Matricaria chamomilla L. under drought stress conditions. Journal of Field Crops Research, 8(4), 668-676. https://doi.org/10.22067/GSC.V8I4.7959. (In Persian). Alinejad, S., Sarabi, V., Bakhtvari, A. R. S., and Hashempour, H. (2020). Variation in physiological traits, yield and secondary metabolites of jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) under different irrigation regimes and nutrition systems. Industrial Crops and Products, 143, 111916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111916. Ariafar, S., and Sirousmehr, A.R. (2017). Effect of municipal solid waste compost on yield and quantity and quality characteristics of black cumin under water stress conditions. Journal of Crops Improvement, 19(1), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2015.55141. (In Persian). Badalzadeh, A., Rafieiolhossaini, M., and Mokhtari Karchegani, H. (2022). The effect of water deficit, combined application of manure and chemical fertilizer on yield and some morpho-physiological characteristics of Arnica montana L. Crop Production, 15(3), 79-102. https://doi.org/10.22069/EJCP.2022.19273.2440. (In Persian). Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. and Teare, I.D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 29, 205-207. Bohara, H., Dodla, S., Wang, J.J., Darapuneni, M., Acharya, B.S., Magdi, S. and Pavuluri, K. (2019). Influence of poultry litter and biochar on soil water dynamics and nutrient leaching from a very fine sandy loam soil. Soil & Tillage Research, 189, 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.01.001. Celikcan, F., Kocak, M. Z., and Kulak, M. (2021). Compost applications on growth, nutrition uptake and secondary metabolites of Ocimum basilicum L. under water stress: A comprehensive analysis. Industrial Crops and Products, 171, 113973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113973. Cogger, C.G. (2005). Potential compost benefits for restoration of soils disturbed by urban development. Compost Science & Utilization, 13, 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2005.10702248. Diaz-Perez, J., Shackel, K. A., and Sutter, E. G. (1995). Relative water content and water potential of tissue-cultured apple shoots under water deficits. Journal of Experimental Botany, 46, 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/46.1.111. García-Caparrós, P., Romero, M. J., Llanderal, A., Cermeño, P., Lao, M. T., and Segura, M. L. (2019). Effects of drought stress on biomass, essential oil content, nutritional parameters, and costs of production in six Lamiaceae species. Water, 11(3), 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030573. Goldani, M., and Fazeli Kakhki, S. F. 2014. Evaluation of effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of three sesame ecotypes (Sesamum indicum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(1), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.22067/GSC.V12I1.36649. (In Persian). Gurrieri, L., Merico, M., Trost, P., Forlani, G. and Sparla, F. (2020). Impact of drought on soluble sugars and free proline content in selected arabidopsis mutants. Biology, 9(11),367. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9110367. Hargreaves, J.C., Adl, M.S. and Warman, P.R. (2008). A review of the use of composted municipal solid waste in agriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment ,123, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.07.004 Hosseinzadeh, M.H. Ghalavand, A. Mashhadi-AkbarBoojar, M. Modarres-Sanavy, S.A.M. and Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, A. (2021). Application of manure and biofertilizer to improve soil properties and increase grain yield, essential oil and ω3 of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) under drought stress. Soil & Tillage Research, 205, 104633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2020.104633. Huang, X., Guo, W., Yang L., Zou, Z., Zhang, X., Addo-Danso, S.D., Zhou, L, and Li, S. (2023). Effects of Drought Stress on Non-Structural Carbohydrates in Different Organs of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Plants, 12(13), 2477. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132477. Kadhim, A.J. (2021). Effect of biofertilizers and animal manure on morphophysiological characteristics and amount of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil under drought stress conditions. Earth and Environmental Science, 735, 1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/735/1/012047. Klute, A. (1986). Methods of soil analysis: Part 1 and 2, Physical and chemical methods. 2nd Edition, American Society of Agronomy; Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wis., USA. ISBN: 9780891180883, 0891180885. Kochert, G. (1978). Carbohydrate determination by the phenol sulfuric acid method. In: Hellebust JA, Craigie JS, (Ed) Handbook of Phycological Methods, Physiological and Biochemical Methods. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp.95-97. Lichtenthaler, H.K. and Wellburn, A.R. (1983). Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf extract in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions, 11, 591–592. Mahdavikia, H., Rezaei-Chiyaneh, E., Rahimi, A., and Mohammadkhani, N. (2019). Effects of fertilizer treatments on antioxidant activities and physiological traits of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water limitation conditions. Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product, 8(2), 143-151. https://doi.org/10.22092/JMPB.2019.120492. Miraj, S., & Kiani, S. (2016). Study of pharmacological effect of Ocimum basilicum: A review. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 8 (9):276-280. http://eprints.skums.ac.ir/id/eprint/962. Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi, P. (2020). Effect of compost and manure on morphological traits, yield and essential oil content of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Plant Production Science, 10(1), 78-90. (In Persian). Mokgolo, M. J., Mzezewa, J., and Odhiambo, J.J. (2019). Poultry and cattle manure effects on sunflower performance, grain yield and selected soil properties in Limpopo Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 115(11-12), 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2019/6410. Muhammad Aslam, M., Waseem, M., Jakada, B.H., Okal, E.J., Lei, Z., Saqib, H.S.A., Yuan, W., Xu, W., and Zhang, Q. (2022). Mechanisms of abscisic acid-mediated drought stress responses in plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1084. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031084. Oraee, T., Shoor, M., Tehranifar, A., Nemati, S.H. and Oraee, A. (2021). Effect of different growth medium on soil properties and physiological traits of hollyhocks (Alcea rosea L.) under drought stress. Journal of Horticultural Science. 33(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.22067/JHS.2021.71383.1073. (In Persian). Rasyid, B., Oda, M., and Omae, H. (2018). Soil water retention and plant growth response on the soil affected by continuous organic matter and plastic mulch application. Earth and Environmental Science, 157(1), 012008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/157/1/012008. Wahab, A., Abdi, G., Saleem, M. H., Ali, B., Ullah, S., Shah, W. and Marc, R. A. (2022). Plants’ physio-biochemical and phyto-hormonal responses to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress: A comprehensive review. Plants, 11(13), 1620. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11131620. Yang, T., Xing, X., Gao, Y., and Ma, X. (2022). An environmentally friendly soil amendment for enhancing soil water availability in drought-prone soils. Agronomy, 12(1), 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010133. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 46 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 54 |
||