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غربالگری تحمل ارقام آلو نسبت به شبپره آلوGrapholita funebrana (Treitschke) | ||
علوم باغبانی ایران | ||
دوره 54، شماره 4، دی 1402، صفحه 575-593 اصل مقاله (1.78 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2023.354847.2088 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مسعود لطیفیان* 1؛ محی الدین پیرخضری2؛ راضیه قائمی3 | ||
1سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوههای معتدله و سردسیری، کرج،ایران، | ||
2سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوه های معتدله و سردسیری، کرج، ایران، | ||
3سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوههای معتدله و سردسیری، کرج، ایران، | ||
چکیده | ||
پروانه میوه آلو Grapholita funebrana از مهمترین آفات آلو (Prunus domestica) میباشد. این تحقیق طی سالهای 1399 تا 1401 برای غربالگری 26 رقم و ژنوتیپ امید بخش آلو از نظر شاخص تحمل تغذیه لارو شبپره آلو انجام شد. درصد آلودگی و تراکم جمعیت لارو آفت در دوره فعالیت آن یعنی در اواسط اردیبهشت ماه آغاز و تا اواخر مهر ماه به فاصله هر ده روز یکبار محاسبه شد. سپس شاخص حساسیت به تنش زیستی محاسبه شد. از مدلهای سری زمانی برای بررسی همبستگی بین درصد آسیب وتراکم جمعیت لارو و از روش تحلیل خوشه برای تفکیک ارقام و ژنوتیپها بر اساس شاخص تحمل استفاده شد. درجه تأثیر صفات مختلف میوه بر میزان تحمل با محاسبه ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر شاخص لارو – روز مؤثر در سالهای مطالعه در اواخر تیر تا اوایل مرداد ماه بوده است. مقادیر ضریب همبستگی تقاطعی در ارقام گالو و سوسورمی به ترتیب دارای حداکثر و حداقل مقادیر بود. در نهایت ژرمپلاسمهای کوئین روزا و آنجلو حساسترین و ژرمپلاسمهای قمی، غلامان، فریار، جی– بلک، زوجلو، گالو، جی-100، جی 98، جی 99، مورتینی، بلک امبر و کرمانشاه متحملترین نسبت به شب پره آلو بودند. صفات مساحت سطح میوه، شاخص کروی بودن، قطر متوسط مهندسی میوه، شاخص اندازه میوه، طول و عرض میوه دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنیداری با شاخصهای تحمل بودند. نتایج این پژوهش بخشی از برنامه اصلاح ارقام آلو جهت توسعه کشت این محصول در کشور میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
لارو؛ آسیب؛ تنش زیستی؛ دفاع گیاهی | ||
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