پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,232 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,790 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,262,678 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,004,657 |
تحلیل شناختی استعاره های مفهومی در متن زن محور رمان قطار زیر زمینی اثر کلسون وایتهد | ||
| پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان | ||
| دوره 28، شماره 2، بهمن 1402، صفحه 539-562 اصل مقاله (574.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jor.2023.334441.2234 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| افسانه عسکر مطلق* ؛ سحر جمشیدیان | ||
| گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه ملایر ، همدان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رویکردهایِ شناختی در ادبیات که شامل توسعه روش‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌هایی برای توصیف و دریافت متون است، در چند سال اخیر افزایش داشته است. جرج لیکاف و مارک جانسون، در اثری تحت عنوان استعاره‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌هایی که با آن‌ها زندگی می کنیم به مدد تئوری «استعارۀ مفهومی» بیان می‌کنند که استعاره وسیله ای برای درک یک مفهوم انتزاعی بر اساس مفهوم عینی دیگر است. جستار حاضر می‌کوشد تا به این سوالات پاسخ دهد که چگونه کاربرد استعاره مفهومی در رمان قطار زیرزمینی اثر کلسون وایتهد در بیان گویاتر پدیده‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌های انتزاعی وصف ناپذیری مانند زجر بردگی، نژاد پرستی، و ظلم مضاعف بر زنان سیاه‌پوست نقش داشته است؟ و آیا میتوان در این اثر، کلان استعاره‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌هایی را در حوزه مفهومی آزادی و زجر اسارت جست که به سایر زیر استعاره متن رمان انسجام بخشد؟ از دیدگاه نقد فمینیستی میتوان گفت که در این اثر، قهرمان زن داستان، کورا، مفاهیم انتزاعی مختلفی در هر مرحله از سفر خود با قطار همانند رنج جدایی از مادر، رنج تجاوز،رنج شلاق خوردن، رنج کار بدون مزد و رنج عقیم شدن اجباری را تجربه کرده‌است. نویسنده با استفاده از عنوان استعاره‌ای قطار زیرزمینی کورا را به سوی آزادی می‌فرستد که دست نیافتنی است. در این مطالعه، روش تحلیل مفهومی استفاده شده‌است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مطالعه شناختی؛ استعاره؛ برده داری؛ آزادی؛ فمینیسم زنان سیاه پوست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Study Of Conceptual Metaphors In The Feminist Context Of The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Afsaneh AskarMotlagh؛ Sahar Jamshidian | ||
| Department of English Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literature University of Hamedan - Hamedan -Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The interest in cognitive approaches to literature which include the development of methodologies for describing both the production and reception of literary texts has increased in the past few years. In proposing the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in their book, Metaphors We Live By (1980), assert that conceptual metaphors help us comprehend abstract concepts in terms of more concrete ones. This research has tried to answer these questions that if the use of conceptual metaphor in Colson whitehead’s The Underground Railroad (2016) could contribute to the effectiveness of whitehead’s writing in describing the indescribable phenomena, such as horrors of slavery, racism and especially double oppression on black women? And is it possible to find main metaphors in the conceptual realm of freedom and suffering of slavery which give coherence to other sub-metaphors of the text? From the point of view of feminist criticism, it can be said that in this work, female protagonist of the story, Cora, experiences different abstract concepts in each stage of her train journey such as the sufferings of separation from mother, hard working without wages, rape, whipping, and sterilization. By using the title of the Underground Railroad as metaphor writer sends Cora toward a freedom which is unattainable. In this study, conceptual analytical method has been used. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cognitivism, metaphor, slavery, freedom, black feminism | ||
|
سایر فایل های مرتبط با مقاله
|
||
| مراجع | ||
|
Becker, Carl L. The Declaration of Independence: A Study in the History of Political Ideas. Vintage, 1958. Bianculli, David. “Colson Whitehead's 'Underground Railroad' Is A LiteralTrainToFreedom.”Online:https://www.npr.org/2016/11/18/502558001/colson-whitehead-underground-railroad-is-a-literal-trainto-freedom [2016, November 18]. Cho, Sumi. et al. “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis.” Signs. vol. 38, no. 4, (2013): 785–810. Collins, Patricia Hill. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment. Routledge, 2000. ---. Black Sexual Politics, African Americans, Gender, And The New Racism. New York & London: Routledge, 2004. ---. From Black Power to Hip Hop: Racism, Nationalism, and Feminism. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 2006. ---. Emerging Intersections: Race, Class, and Gender in Theory, Policy, and Practice. Edited by Bonnie Thornton Dill & Ruth Enid Zambrana. United States. New Brunswick, New Jersey, & London: Rutgers University Press, 2008. ---. “Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas.” AnnuaL Review Of Sociolog vol.41, no. 1 (2015): 1-20. ---. “Simone de Beauvoir, Women’s Oppression and Existential Freedom.” A Companion to Simone de Beauvoir. Edited by Hengehold, Laura, and Nancy Bauer, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, (2017a): 325-339. ---. “The Difference That Power Makes: Intersectionality and Participatory Democracy.” Investigaciones Feministas, University of Maryland, College Park 8, (2017b):19-39. ---. “Decolonizing Feminism Transnational Solidarity for Gender and Racial Equality.” On line: https://fxb.harvard.edu/event/decolonizing-feminism-transnational-solidarity-for-gender-racialequality, [2019, April8]. Dischinger, Matthew. “States of Possibility in Colson Whitehead's The Underground Railroad.” Engaging with the Poetics of Peripheralization. The Global South, Indiana University Press, 11(2017):82-99. Domestico, Anthony. “Rails and Ties: Colson Whitehead's Important New Novel Blends the Savage Realism of Slavery and a Magical, Actual Underground Railroad, with Community the Light at theend ofTunnel.”onlinehttps://epaper.bostonglobe.com/BostonGlobe/article_popover.aspx?guid=32b338b5-oa744052-bd5[2016,August11]. Donadey, Anne et al.. Women in Culture An Intersectional Anthology for Gender and Women’s Studies. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. Dubek, Laura. “'Fight for It!': The Twenty-First Century Underground Railroad.” The Journal of American Culture.vol. 41no. 1(2018):68-80. Eyerman, Ron. Cultural Trauma: Slavery and the Formation of African American Identity. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Fallahi, Paniz, and Fatemeh Khan-Mohammadi and Behzad Hashemi. “Reassessing the Concepts of Subordinate and Superior in Hergé’s The Adventures of Tintin”. Research in Contemporary World Literature [Pazhuhesh-e Zabanha-ye Khareji], vol. 28, no. 1 (2023): 225-244. Feith, Michel. “Tracking the Slave Narrative in Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad.” Revue française d’études américaines, vol. 4, no. 157 (2018):146 – 160. Foner, Eric. Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad. New York: W. W. Norton, 2015. Gates, Henry Louis. Tradition and the Black Atlantic. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 2010. Gill, Harsimran. “Colson Whitehead on ‘The Underground Railroad’: ‘There’s No Rule About What I Can Write’.” An interview with the American author about the Pulitzer prize-winning ‘The Railroad’ and writing about history through the lens of fiction. Online: https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.scroll.in/article/912623/colsonwhitehead-on-the-undergroundrailroad-theres-no-rule-about-what-i-can-write [2019, February 10]. Goodman, Nelson. Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1976. Harnois, Catherine E. “Race, Ethnicity, Sexuality, and Women's Political Consciousness of Gender.” Social Psychology Quarterly.vol.78, no. 4 (2015): 365–386. hooks, bell. “Touching the Earth”. Saving Place: An Eco Composition. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2005. Jones, Jacqueline. American Work: Four Centuries of Black and White Labor. New York: Norton, 1998. Kakutani, Michiko. “‘Underground Railroad’ Book Plays With Metaphor to Illuminate Terrible Cost of slavery.” New York Times News Service. Online: https://www.postandcourier.com/features/artsandtravel/underground-railroad-book-plays-with-metaphor-to-illuminate-terrible-cost-of-slavery/article3bd3fc35-231e-512d-be9d-ac46b555d22d.html [2016, September 3]. Kelly, Adam. “Freedom to Struggle: The Ironies of Colson Whitehead Adam Kelly University of York.” Open Library of Humanities.vol. 4no. 22, (2018): 1– 35. Kövecses, Zoltan. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Lakoff, George. “The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor”. Ortony, Metaphor and Thought, (1993): 202-51. ---. Whose Freedom? The Battle Over America's Most Important Idea. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006. Lakoff, George, and Johnson, Mark. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: The University of Chicago press, 1980. ---. Philosophy in the Flesh: the Embodied Mind and Its Challenge to Western Thought. New York: Basic Books, 1999. Lakoff, George, and Turner, Mark. More Than Cool Reason. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1989. Li, Stephanie. “Genre Trouble and History’s Miseries in Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad.” The Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States, Oxford University Press. 2019. 1-23. Lodge, David. Consciousness and the Novel. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2002. Merchant, Carolyn. The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology, and the Scientific Revolution. San Francisco: Harper & Row Publishers, 1980. Morrison, Toni. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. Harvard University Press, 1992. Petersen, Emily January. “Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad: A Metaphor.”Online: https://www.google.com/amp/s/tom/2017/3/02/colson-whitehead-the-underground-railroad-a-metaphor [2017, March 2]. Roberts, Dorothy E. Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty. New York: Pantheon, 1997. Robinson, Jenifer. Deeper than Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2005. Sadeghi, Maryam, and Fatemeh Azizmohammadi and Mojgan Yarahmadi. “A Deleuzian Analysis of the Concepts of Identity and Becoming in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe”. Research in Contemporary World Literature [Pazhuhesh-e Zabanha-ye Khareji], vol. 28, no. 1, (2023): 343-368. Santa Ana, Otto. “Like an Animal I was Treated: Anti-Immigrant Metaphor in US Public Discourse.” SAGE Publications. University of California, Los Angeles.vol. 10, no. 2, (1999): 191–224. Schuessler, Jennifer. “Colson Whitehead on Slavery, Success and Writing The Novel That Really Scarehim.” Online: Schulz, Kathryn. “The Perilous Lure of the Underground Railroad.” Hardly Anyone Used it, but It Provides Us With Moral Comfort—andWhiteHeroes. Online:https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/8/22/the-perilous-lure-of-the-underground-railroad/amp[2016,August 22]. Schultz, Kennedy M. “Moving Forward with the Past: History and Identity in Marie-Célie Agnant’s La Dot de Sara.” Studies in Twentieth and Twenty First Century Literature. vol.36, no. 1 (2012): 1-5. Simpson, Jenna. “Countering Neat Optimism: Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad. American Literature and Culture.” Online:https://blogs.qub.ac.uk/americanists/?=Countring+neat+optimism[2017,October5]. Whitehead, Colson. The Underground Railroad. United State. Doubleday, a division of Penguin Random House LLC, New York, 2016. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 101 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 114 |
||
