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مطالعه تغییرات روند مصرف انرژی و شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی در تولید محصولات زراعی با رویکرد ارزیابی چرخه زندگی طی سال‌های 1401-1397 | ||
| مهندسی بیوسیستم ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 3، مهر 1402، صفحه 1-18 اصل مقاله (1.61 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijbse.2023.364738.665522 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسن قاسمی مبتکر* 1؛ محمد شریفی1؛ علی کعب2 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی ماشین‌های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی ماشین های کشاورزی دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف این مطالعه بررسی تغییرات مصرف انرژی و شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی در تولید محصولات زراعی، شامل نیشکر، گندم، کلزا و آفتابگردان در طی سال‌های ۱۳۹۷ تا ۱۴۰۱ بود. اطلاعات مربوطه از طریق آمار ثبت شده در مدیریت برنامه‌ریزی کشت و صنعت امام خمینی (ره) گردآوری شد. با استفاده از این آمار و منابع، وضعیت تولید محصولات کشت و صنعت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، در مزارع نیشکر، مصرف انرژی در سال‌های ۱۳۹۷ تا ۱۴۰۱ به ترتیب برابر با 05/131، 47/142، 16/152، 45/155 و 71/161 گیگاژول بر هکتار محاسبه شد. همچنین، در مزارع گندم در دوره موردنظر مصرف انرژی به ترتیب برابر با 49/30، 70/32، 10/35، 52/36 و 02/38 گیگاژول بر هکتار بهدست آمد. در مقابل، برای تولید محصول کلزا در سال‌های 1397 تا 1401 متغیر بوده است و به ترتیب برابر با 44/19، 81/20، 68/22، 83/23 و 86/24 گیگاژول بر هکتار بوده است. در مزارع آفتابگردان در همان بازه زمانی انرژی مصرفی به ترتیب برابر با 19/44، 14/82، 15/61، 16/20 و 16/76 گیگاژول بر هکتار برآورد گردید. نتایج اثرات زیست‌محیطی نشان می‌دهد که بیشترین مقدار آلایندگی ناشی از اثر منابع در تولید نیشکر به ترتیب در سال‌های مذکور 08/12، 64/12، 91/12، 40/12 و 47/12 USD2013 می‌باشد. همچنین، این شاخص در تولید گندم از 96/61 به 23/68، در تولید کلزا از 86/79 به 51/85 و در نهایت، در تولید آفتابگردان از 82/61 به 73/65 افزایش یافته است. بر اساس رتبه‌بندی محصولات فرعی، آفتابگردان، گندم و کلزا به ترتیب از رتبه اول تا سوم جهت کشت اولویت‌بندی شده‌اند. استفاده بهینه از نهاده‌های الکتریسیته، سوخت دیزل و کودهای شیمیایی می‌تواند به کاهش مصرف انرژی و آلایندگی زیست‌محیطی کمک کند. به منظور کاهش مصرف انرژی در تولید محصولات کشت و صنعت، استفاده از منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر مانند الکتریسیته تولید شده از منابع خورشیدی توسط سامانه‌های فتولتائیک توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| انرژی؛ اثرات زیست‌محیطی؛ پایداری؛ محصولات زراعی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A study of changes in energy consumption trend and environmental indicators in the production of agricultural crops using a life cycle assessment approach in the years 2018-2022 | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hassan Ghasemi Mobtaker1؛ Mohammad Sharifi1؛ Ali Kaab2 | ||
| 1Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in energy consumption and environmental indicators in the production of crops, including sugarcane, wheat, canola and sunflower during the years 2018 to 2022. Relevant information was collected through statistics recorded in planning management of Imam Khomeini Sugarcane Agro-Industrial Company in Khuzestan province. Using these statistics and sources, the production situation of agriculture and industry products was investigated. Based on the obtained results, in sugarcane fields, energy consumption in the years 2018 to 2022 was calculated as 131.05, 142.47, 152.16, 155.45 and 161.71 GJ ha-1 respectively. Also, energy consumption was equal to 30.49, 32.70, 35.10, 36.52, and 38.02 GJ ha-1 in wheat fields in the considered period. On the other hand, for the production of canola in the years 2018 to 2022, it varied and was equal to 19.44, 20.81, 22.68, 23.83 and 24.86 GJ ha-1 respectively. Also, in sunflower fields in the same period of time, it was estimated as 44.19, 82.14, 61.15, 20.16 and 76.16 GJ ha-1 respectively. The results of environmental effects showed that the highest amount of pollution caused by the effect of resources in sugarcane production is in the mentioned years of 12.08, 12.64, 12.91, 12.40 and 12.47 USD2013. Also, in wheat production this index increased from 61.96 to 68.23, in canola production increased from 79.86 to 85.51, and finally, in sunflower production increased from 61.82 to 65.73. Based on the ranking of the by-products, sunflower, wheat and canola are prioritized for cultivation from the first to the third place respectively. Optimal use of electricity inputs, diesel fuel and chemical fertilizers can help reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. In order to reduce energy consumption in the production of agricultural and industrial products, it is recommended to use renewable energy sources such as electricity produced from solar sources by photovoltaic systems. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Energy, Environmental impacts, Sustainability, Agricultural crops | ||
| مراجع | ||
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