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ارزیابی خصوصیات خشکسالی بر اساس ترکیب داده‌های بارش و رواناب پایگاه‌های جهانی در حوضه‌های آبریز درجه دو کشور | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 9، آذر 1402، صفحه 1299-1317 اصل مقاله (2.42 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.362401.669537 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه مقدسی1؛ مه نوش مقدسی* 2؛ مهدی محمدی قلعه نی1 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، دانشگاه اراک، تخصص: مدیریت منابع آب، بهینه سازی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه با پیشرفت تکنولوژی، امکانات گسترده‌ای برای پایش داده‌های اقلیمی با توان تفکیک متفاوتی فراهم شده است. لذا در تحقیق حاضر، هدف بررسی ترکیب پایگاه‌های داده‌های بارش و پایش همزمان خشکسالی هواشناسی و هیدرولوژیکی در مقیاس زمانی ماهانه با استفاده از شاخص خشکسالی ترکیبی (CDI) در سطح حوضه‌های آبریز درجه دو کشور می‌باشد. بدین منظور ابتدا داده‌های مشاهداتی (100 ایستگاه سینوپتیک در مقیاس روزانه) و پایگاه‌های جهانی بارش و رواناب شامل ERA5،MRRRA2 ،GRUN ،GLDAS وTERRA (در مقیاس ماهانه) طی دوره زمانی 1987-2019 گرد‌آوری و استخراج گردید. سپس بر اساس شاخص خشکی، ایستگاه‌ها و حوضه‌ها آبریز طبقه‌بندی شدند و برای ترکیب پایگاه‌ها و شاخص‌ها از روش وزن دهی آنتروپی (EW) استفاده شده است. دقت پایگاه‌ها بر اساس معیارهای کلینگ گوپتا (KGE) و مجذور میانگین مربع خطا استاندارد شده (NRMSE) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ترکیب پایگاه داده‌های بارش در اقلیم فراخشک، خشک، نیمه خشک و مرطوب به ترتیب 32، 10، 24 و 26 درصد باعث کاهش خطا نسبت به استفاده از پایگاه داده‌های منفرد گردید. در مقیاس 3 ماهه حوضه آبریز سفیدرود، دریاچه نمک و تالش و در مقیاس 12 ماهه حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه، دریاچه نمک، سفید رود، هامون جازموریان، هامون مشیکل، جنوب بلوچستان و قسمتی از ارس از شدت، مدت و پیک بیشتری برخوردار هستند. بطور متوسط در هر دو مقیاس، خشکسالی‌ها در قسمت میانی کشور از شدت و مدت کمتری برخوردار می-باشند. وسعت خشکسالی در حوضه‌های اقلیم فرا خشک، خشک و نیمه خشک در مقیاس 3 و 12 ماهه به ترتیب بطور متوسط 45 و 53 درصد و در اقلیم مرطوب 70 و 40 درصد بوده است. بر اساس یافته‌های فوق می‌توان گفت ترکیب پایگاه داده‌های بارش منجر به افزایش دقت استفاده از پایگاه‌های جهانی می‌گردد. همچنین خشکسالی در اقلیم مرطوب از شدت، مدت و وسعت بیشتری در مقیاس کوتاه‌مدت نسبت به بلند‌مدت برخوردار می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| داده‌های جهانی بارش و رواناب؛ حوضه آبریز؛ وزن دهی آنتروپی؛ شاخص خشکسالی ترکیبی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of drought characteristics based on combined global precipitation and runoff products datasets across Iran's sub basins | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| fatemeh Moghaddasi1؛ mahnoosh Moghaddasi2؛ mahdi mohammadi1 | ||
| 1Department of Water Science and Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran | ||
| 2water resources-Arak university | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Recently, with the advancement of technology, extensive facilities have been provided for monitoring climate data with different resolution. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the combination of precipitation databases and simultaneous monitoring of meteorological and hydrological droughts on a monthly time scale using the Combined Drought Index (CDI) at sub basins of Iran. To this end, observational data (100 synoptic stations on a daily scale) and global precipitation and runoff databases including ERA5, MRRRA2, GRUN, GLDAS and TERRA (with different spatial resolution on a monthly scale) were collected and extracted during the period of 1987-2019. Then, based on the aridity index, the climatic classification of the stations and sub basins has been done and the entropy weight method (EW) was employed to combine databases and indices. The accuracy of the datasets was assessed based on Kling Gupta (KGE) and Standardized Mean Square Error (NRMSE) metrics. The results showed that the combination of precipitation databases in the Hyper-arid, Arid, Semi-arid and Humid climates reduced the error index by 32, 10, 24 and 26%, respectively, compared to individual databases. In the 3-month scale, the sub basin of Sefidroud, Lake Namak, and Talesh, and in the 12-month scale, the sub basin of Lake Urmia, Lake Namak, Sefid Rud, Hamon Jazmourian, Hamon Mashkel, South Baluchistan, and parts of Aras River have faced with drought with more severity, duration, and peak values of drought. It should be said that, on average, in both scales, the middle part of the country has less drought severity and duration. The extent of drought in the river basins of Hyper-arid, Arid and Semi-arid climates in the scale of 3 and 12 months on average is 45 and 53%, and 70 and 40% in Humid climates. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the combining precipitation databases enhances the accuracy compared to using global single databases. Additionally, drought in the humid climate shows higher intensity, duration, and extent in the short-term scale compared to the long-term scale. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Global datasets of precipitation and runoff, River basin, Entropy Weight, Combined Drought Index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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