سامانه پشتیبانی خدمات اطلاعات

  اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات158
تعداد شماره‌ها6,240
تعداد مقالات67,870
تعداد مشاهده مقاله115,421,421
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله90,190,424
آذری, هاجر, چمنی, مستانه. (1402). بررسی جایگاه زنان در مدیریت منابع آب (رویکردی تطبیقی به اسناد توسعه پایدار سازمان ملل). , 13(3), 665-691. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2023.354950.1048
هاجر آذری; مستانه چمنی. "بررسی جایگاه زنان در مدیریت منابع آب (رویکردی تطبیقی به اسناد توسعه پایدار سازمان ملل)". , 13, 3, 1402, 665-691. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2023.354950.1048
آذری, هاجر, چمنی, مستانه. (1402). 'بررسی جایگاه زنان در مدیریت منابع آب (رویکردی تطبیقی به اسناد توسعه پایدار سازمان ملل)', , 13(3), pp. 665-691. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2023.354950.1048
آذری, هاجر, چمنی, مستانه. بررسی جایگاه زنان در مدیریت منابع آب (رویکردی تطبیقی به اسناد توسعه پایدار سازمان ملل). , 1402; 13(3): 665-691. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2023.354950.1048

بررسی جایگاه زنان در مدیریت منابع آب (رویکردی تطبیقی به اسناد توسعه پایدار سازمان ملل)

مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 3، مهر 1402، صفحه 665-691    اصل مقاله (678.74 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwim.2023.354950.1048
نویسندگان
هاجر آذری* ؛ مستانه چمنی
گروه مطالعات زنان، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
در سراسر جهان، زنان به‌دلیل مسئولیت تأمین غذا، آب و سوخت بیش‌تر به منابع طبیعی وابسته هستند به همین علت تغییرات اقلیمی و به‌دنبال آن کاهش منابع آب زنان را به‌طور ویژه­ای تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. از دیدگاه تحقیقات جهانی و اسناد سازمان ملل، زنان یکی از ارکان توسعه و کلید موفقیت سیاست‌های آب هستند. این مهم در اسناد توسعه پایدار سازمان ملل برجسته شده است. در برنامه­‌های توسعه ایران در طی سالیان گذشته با وجود اشاره به اهمیت مشارکت زنان و نقش زنان در فرایند توسعه، شاهد برنامه مشخصی راجع به نقش زنان در توسعه پایدار آب نیستیم. تنها در آیین‌نامه ماده ۱۷ برنامه چهارم توسعه به نقش زنان در مدیریت منابع آب اشاره شده است، اما هیچ­گاه برنامه مشخصی برای مشارکت و مداخله زنان در حوزه آب تدوین نشده ­است. این مقاله با روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی اسناد توسعه سازمان ملل و تحلیل تطبیقی این اسناد با برنامه‌­های اول تا ششم توسعه و با این هدف صورت گرفت تا مشخص شود که برنامه­‌نویسان چه رویکرد و نگرشی درباره توانمندسازی زنان در حوزه منابع آب دارند. یافته‌­های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که در برنامه‌­های توسعه کشور توجه به جایگاه و نقش زنان در مدیریت منابع آب کشور به‌عنوان هم آسیب­‌دیدگان و هم سیاست‌گذاران بحران آب کشور مغفول باقی‌مانده است. لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود برنامه­‌نویسان توسعه در مدیریت منابع آب به توانمندسازی و مشارکت زنان توجه ویژه‌­ای داشته باشند و عقب‌ماندگی‌­های این بخش را جبران کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اسناد بالادستی؛ توسعه پایدار؛ زنان؛ مدیریت منابع آب
عنوان مقاله [English]
Examining the Position of Women in Water Resources Management (A Comparative Approach to UN Sustainable Development Documents)
نویسندگان [English]
Hajar Azari؛ Mastaneh Chamani
Department of Women's Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.‎
چکیده [English]
All over the world, women are more dependent on natural resources due to the responsibility of providing food, water and fuel, and for this reason, climate change and the subsequent reduction of water resources will especially affect women. From the point of view of global research and UN documents, women are one of the pillars of development and the key to the success of water policies. This importance has been highlighted in the United Nations sustainable development documents. In Iran's development plans over the past years, despite mentioning the importance of women's participation and the role of women in the development process, Ther is not a specific plan regarding the role of women in the sustainable development of water. Only in Article 17 of bylaw of the 4th Development Plan, the role of women in water resources management is mentioned, but a specific plan for women's participation and intervention in the water sector has never been formulated. This article was carried out with the method of qualitative content analysis of UN development documents and comparative analysis of these documents with the first to sixth development plans with the aim of determining what approach and attitude the programmers have regarding the empowerment of women in the field of water resources. The findings of the research show that in the country's development plans, attention to the position and role of women in the management of the country's water resources as both victims and policy makers of the country's water crisis has been neglected. Therefore, it is suggested that development programmers pay special attention to the empowerment and participation of women in water resources management to compensate the backwardness of this sector.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Sustainable development, Upstream documents, Water resource management, Women
مراجع
  1. Abbasi-Lahiji, B. (2015). Research method in legal knowledge. Khorsandi Press. (In Persian).
  2. Al Kajbaf, H., (2022). Research method in legal science with an emphasis on thesis. Jangal Press. (In Persian).
  3. Allen, E., Morazan, I. M., & Witt, E. (2018). Actively engaging women is helping solve the global water crisis. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 8(4), 632-639.
  4. Amiri-Baghbadarani, F. (2022). Assessing the level of women's awareness of the concepts of water resources management and their attitudes and practices to improve the pattern of water consumption (Women 20 to 65 years old in Zarrinshahr. Lenjan). Journal of Environmental Science Studies, 7(2), 5064-5072. (In Persian).
  5. Azeez, Y. O., Babatunde, Y. O., Babatunde, A. O., & Alabi, E. O. (2022). The Impact of Water Insecurity on Female Youths in Africa: A Review. Youth and water Security in Africa, 247.
  6. Balali, M., Keulartz, J., & Kurthalz, M. (2010). Reflexive land and water management in Iran: the relationship between technology, governance and culture, part one: land and water management paradigms. Water Research in Agriculture (Soil and Water Sciences), 24(2(b)), 73-97. (In Persian).
  7. Balali, M., Keulartz, J., & Kurthalz, M. (2011). Reflexive management of land and water in Iran, the relationship between technology, governance and culture, part two: Stakeholders' perspective and key elements of the reflexive framework. Water Research in Agriculture (Soil and Water Sciences), 25(1(b)), 1-20. (In Persian).
  8. Balezentis, T., Morkunas, M., Volkov, A., Ribasauskiene, E., & Streimikiene, D. (2021).Are women neglected in the EU agriculture? Evidence from Lithuanian young farmers. Land use policy, 101, 105129.
  9. Canipari, R., De Santis, L., & Cecconi, S. (2020). Female fertility and environmental pollution. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(23), 8802.
  10. Cicin-Sain, B. (2015). Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. UN Chronicle, 51(4), 32-33.
  11. De, I., Singh, S., & Panda, S. S. (2021). Gender and Agriculture: Cases of Woman Participation in Rural Odisha. Social Norms, Gender and Collective Behaviour, 67-104.
  12. Edwards, M. (2014). Fetal death and reduced birth rates associated with exposure to lead-contaminated drinking water. Environmental science & technology, 48(1), 739-746.
  13. Eminel Sulun, E. (2018). Women, water resource management, and sustainable development: the turkey-North Cyprus water pipeline project. Resources, 7(3), 50.
  14. Enayat, H., & Fathzadeh, H. (2010). Theoretical Approach to Ecofeminism. Sociological studies, 2(5), 45-63. (In Persian).
  15. Environmental Department New of Iran. (2022). Preservation and restoration of wetlands and lakes by creating alternative jobs for rural women. Retrieved from https://www.doe.ir/news/196210/1361735/1489599. (In Persian).
  16. Environmental Department News of Iran. (2022). Preservation and restoration of wetlands using the capacity of women and local communities. Retrieved from: https://crw.doe.ir/portal/home/news. (In Persian).
  17. Ericson, M. (2021). Adopting gender transformative approach to iwrm and climate resilience in the gwp. Retrieved from https://www.gwp.org/globalassets/global/gwp-sam_files/publicaciones/2021/gender-at-gwpo-for-sam-lam-webinar-august-12.pdf.
  18. Fanni, Z., Ashabi, F., Gudarzipour, S. (2021). Women and dynamics of urban environmental management (case study: Tehran metropolis). Sustainable development of geographical environment, 3(5), 178-192. (In Persian).‎
  19. Farhadi, M. (1990). Women's participation in natural resource management: "Vare" or a kind of ancient traditional women's cooperation in Iran and the reasons for its continuation. Social Sciences Quarterly, 1(1.2), 129-162. (In Persian).
  20. Fazelnia, G., & Hashemi, R. (2015). Analysis of socio-cultural beliefs that hinder the participation of rural women in the process of planning and management of sustainable rural development, case study: Rostam city. Women and Society Scientific-Research Quarterly, 6(21), 41-66. (In Persian).
  21. Fisher, J. (2008). Women in water supply, sanitation and hygiene programmes. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Municipal Engineer, 161(4), 223-229.
  22. Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO). (2010). the role of women in agriculture. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/3/am307e/am307e00.pdf.
  23. Franic, R., & Kovacicek, T. (2019). The professional status of rural women in the EU. European commission press.
  24. Ghafari, Gh. (2011). The logic of comparative research. Iranian Journal of Social Studies, 3(4), 76-92. (In Persian).
  25. Ghanian, M., Dadvarkhani, F., & Qadiri Masoum, M. (2009). The role of rural women in exploitation, protection and restoration of natural desert areas (case study of Khuzestan province). Women in Development and Politics (Women's Research), 6(1), 119-135. (In Persian).
  26. Ghasemi Toosi, A., Mazinani, R., & Aryai, N. (2013). A report of the death of a pregnant woman with pemphigus vulgaris following infection with the parasite Strongyloides stercoralis. Iranian Journal of Women, Midwifery and Infertility, 16(80), 17-19. (In Persian).
  27. Ghorbani, M., & Awadpour, L. (2017). Analyzing the structural characteristics of rural women's network in the establishment of cooperative management in desert areas. Iran Pasture and Desert Research, 24(2), 383-391. (In Persian).
  28. Ghorbani, F., Behbodi, D., & Zarghami, M. (2022). The strategy of participatory management of water resources with the approach of institutional analysis and collective action (Sahand dam's floodplains). Water and Irrigation Management, 12(1), 121-137. . (In Persian).
  29. Goncuoglu, H., & Unal, V. (2011). Fisherwomen in the Turkish fishery, southern Aegean Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 27(4), 1013-1018.
  30. Habibi, M., Khannejad, S., & Ghanbari, S. (2022). Participation of rural women and natural resources and forest projects. Protection and exploitation of Hyrkanian forests, 3(1), 7-11. (In Persian).
  31. Hakemabadi, A., Mahmoudi, M., & Ghazal, A. (2013). Maternal management in Kisson Company with the help of sustainable human development committees. In: International Conference on Management and Industrial Engineering, Tehran. . (In Persian).
  32. Hassanzadeh, R., Asadi Davoudabadi, M., & Roshanaeei, A. (2021). Comparing the roles played by male and female managers of environmental organizations in achieving sustainable development goals (case study of Central Province). Man and Environment, 19(3), 171-187. (In Persian).
  33. Hatam, A., Monem, M., & Bagheri, A. (2012). Development of the dynamic model of the irrigation network improvement system with regard to the participation of farmers and the improvement of network management. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 13(4), 1-24. (In Persian).
  34. Hibbs, L. (2022). “I could do that!”–The role of a women's non-governmental organisation in increasing women's psychological empowerment and civic participation in Wales. Women's Studies International Forum (Vol. 90, p. 102557). Pergamon.
  35. IRNA: Islamic Republic News Agency. (2011). Sustainable Development Summit, Rio +20 in Brazil. Retrieved from https://www.irna.ir/amp/80193800/
  36. Karim Koshteh, M.H., & Hashemi Dezfuli, S. (2010). Polling of villagers about the challenges of sustainable rural development: a case study of Sarouq village, Arak city. Village and development Journal. 155-178. (In Persian).
  37. Karimi, Z., & Bordy Sheikh, V. (2019). Assessing the attitude of watershed residents towards natural resources and environment projects, case study: Hable Rood. Watershed. Watershed Engineering and Management Journal, 11(2), 467-477. (In Persian).
  38. Ketabi, M., Yazdakhati, B., & Farokhi Rastabi, Z. (2002). Empowering women to participate in development. Women's research: 7. (In Persian).
  39. Khatami, S., Bozrajmehri, Zarin, A & Fal Suleiman. (2022). Analysis of water resource management studies in Iran and the world. Geography and Environmental Hazards, 11(2), 251-271.‎ (In Persian).
  40. Khosravi, M., Deshhyar, H., & Abtahi Safi, N. (2013). How to empower women in the field of political decision-making in the national and international decision-making structure. International Relations Studies Quarterly, 5(20), 132-99. (In Persian).
  41. Kim, K. (2019). Conservation, Division of Labor, and the Low-Hanging Fruit of Chores: Tracking Los Angeles Household Water Usage Through Diary Keeping. Retrieved from Center for the Study of Women - research that rethinks – UCLA, website: https://csw.ucla.edu.
  42. King, E., & Mason, A. (2001). Engendering development: Through gender equality in rights, resources, and voice. The World Bank. Retrieved from https://documents.worldbank.org.
  43. Kironde, M.S., Durodola, O.S., & Kanyunge, C.M. (2022). Integration of gender considerations into Tanzania's climate and water policies. Water Policy, 24(1), 101-116.
  44. Kurup, A. (2020). Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM): An Alternative Paradigm. River Water Sharing. 156-180. Routledge India.
  45. Lahiri-Dutt, K. (2006). ‘May God give us chaos, so that we can plunder’: A critique of ‘resource curse’and conflict theories?. Development, 49(3), 14-21.
  46. Landrigan, P. J., Stegeman, J. J., Fleming, L. E., Allemand, D., Anderson, D. M., Backer, L. C. & Rampal, P. (2020). Human health and ocean pollution. Annals of global health, 86(1).
  47. Loots, L. (2011). Revisiting gender ecology and eco-feminism: A profile of five contemporary women water activists. Agenda, 25(2), 6-16.
  48. McDonald, R. (2005). How women were affected by the tsunami: A perspective from Oxfam. PLoS Medicine, 2(6), e178.
  49. Mahtabi, M., Ashrafi, S., & Danehkar, A. (2019). Comparison of the Emergence Success of Baby Sea Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata in the Coast of Qeshm Island by Ex-situ Protection Methods. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(8), 233-243.
  50. Maphosa, B. (2010). The challenges facing women in the water sector profession. Africanus, 40(2), 40-52.
  51. Marzban, A., Ebrahimi, A. A., Malekahmadi, R., Rahmanian, V., Barzegaran, M., & Ghaneian, M. T. (2019). Effect of Education on Tendency to Water Use Efficiency in Housewives of Zarrin Dasht. Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development, 4(1), 678-684. (In Persian).
  52. Mendez-Figueroa, H., Chauhan, S. P., Tolcher, M. C., Shamshirsaz, A. A., Sangi-Haghpeykar, H., Pace, R. M. & Aagaard, K. (2019). Peripartum outcomes before and after hurricane Harvey. Obstetrics and gynecology, 134(5), 1005.
  53. Mies, M., & Shiva, V. (1993). Ecofeminism. Zed books.
  54. Naderi-Jolodar, M., Rouhi, A., Hosseinzadeh, H., Nasralezadeh Saravi, H., Afrai Bandapi, M, Fazli, H, Safari R, Mohammadzadeh, V. (2019). The role of people's participation in the protection of the natural reproduction of white fish of the Caspian Sea in Khairud River. Caspian Sea Aquatic Journal, 4(98), 40-49. (In Persian).
  55. Nasiri, M., Papli Yazdi, M.H., & Watouqi, F. (2007). Expansion of women's participation in watershed management, challenges and approaches, case study: Hable Roud watershed. Journal of humanities. Volume: 14, Number: 3, Pages: 99-113. (In Persian).
  56. Nishikiori, N., Abe, T., Costa, D. G., Dharmaratne, S. D., Kunii, O., & Moji, K. (2006). Who died as a result of the tsunami?–Risk factors of mortality among internally displaced persons in Sri Lanka: a retrospective cohort analysis. BMC public health, 6, 1-8.
  57. Okpara, U. T., Stringer, L. C., & Akhtar‐Schuster, M. (2019). Gender and land degradation neutrality: A cross‐country analysis to support more equitable practices. Land Degradation & Development, 30(11), 1368-1378.
  58. Onwutuebe, C. J. (2019). Patriarchy and women vulnerability to adverse climate change in Nigeria. Sage Open, 9(1), 2158244019825914.
  59. Oyanedel-Craver, V., Cotel, A., Saito, L., Abu-Dalo, M., Gough, H., & Verstraeten, I. (2017). Women–water Nexus for sustainable global water resources. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 143(8), 01817001.
  60. Poshtvan, H. (2010). Concerns of water development and management in the 21st century. Sustainable Water Management Press. (In Persian).
  61. Paudel, S., Kumar, P., Dasgupta, R., Johnson, B. A., Avtar, R., Shaw, R., & Kanbara, S. (2021). Nexus between water security framework and public health: A comprehensive scientific review. Water, 13(10), 1365.
  62. Prebble, M. (2015). Women's Participation in Environmental Decision-Making. MEM, Environmental Economics & Policy. Retrieved from Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University. https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/10161/9701/Prebble_Final.pdf?sequence=3
  63. Radkhah, A., Igdari, S., & Pourbager, H. (2020). Investigating the effects of the spread of the Covid-19 virus on the world's fisheries and aquaculture industry and providing support policies from governments and international organizations. Iranian Journal of Biology, 5(9), 45-53. (In Persian).
  64. Ramezani Qawamabadi, M. (2010). Examining the content of the principle of participation in international environmental law. Public Law Research, 12(29.1), 115-160. (In Persian).
  65. Ramezani, M.H., Shamlou, B., & Sajjadi, A. (2015). A comparative study of free access to environmental information in the laws of Iran and the Aarhus Convention. International Relations Research, 6(21), 233-262. (In Persian).
  66. Raney, T., Anríquez, G., Croppenstedt, A., Gerosa, S., Lowder, S. K., Matuschke, I., & Skoet, J. (2011). The role of women in agriculture (No. 289018). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Agricultural Development Economics Division (ESA
  67. Sabzeei, M., & Kolivand, Sh. (2017). Sociological investigation of the social issue of water in Iran with the perspective of sustainable development. Social Sciences Quarterly, 24(77), 404-433. (In Persian).
  68. Shafeei Sabet, N., Yousefi, S,. (2018). The position of women's participation in the development of local settlements, a case study: Gilvan and Abbar District, Tarem County. Journal of Information Environment Study. Number: 43. Pages: 77-96. (In Persian).
  69. Shellock, R. J., Cvitanovic, C., McKinnon, M. C., Mackay, M., van Putten, I. E., Blythe, J., & Wisz, M. S. (2022). Building leaders for the UN Ocean Science Decade: a guide to supporting early career women researchers within academic marine research institutions. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 80(1), 56-75.
  70. Shirkhani, A., & Piravisi, M., (2020). The role of women in developing the capabilities of non-governmental organizations. Women and Family Studies, 8(2), 115-136. (In Persian).
  71. Shiva, V. (1989). The Violence of the Green Revolution: Ecological degradation and political conflict in Punjab. Zed Books press.
  72. Singh, P., Tabe, T., & Martin, T. (2022). The role of women in community resilience to climate change: A case study of an Indigenous Fijian community. Women's Studies International Forum(Vol. 90, p. 102550). Pergamon.
  73. Smirat, S. (2006). Role of Women in Water Management and conservation in Jordan.Published report, Jordan: IDRC. Retrieved from https://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/global-resources/resource/A53977?lang=en.
  74. SohrabZadeh, H. (2006). Women, preservation of environment and natural resources. Payam Zan Journal, 156. (In Persian).
  75. Strumskyte, S., Ramos Magaña, S., & Bendig, H. (2022). Women’s leadership in environmental action. OECD Environment Working Papers, No. 193, OECD Publishing.
  76. Sun, Z., Kitada, M., Buckingham, S., Chavez-Rodriguez, M., Jarnsater, J., Johannesen, E., & Schofield, C. (2022). Empowering Women for the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Marine Technology Society Journal, 56(3), 108-109.
  77. Talebi, M.A. (2017). The role of housewives in environmental protection with emphasis on optimal water consumption (case study: Birjand city). Environmental Law Bi-Quarterly, 2(2). (In Persian).
  78. Tantoh, H. B., Ebhuoma, E. E., & Leonard, L. (2022). Indigenous Women’s Vulnerability to Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in Central Africa: A Systematic Review. Indigenous Knowledge and Climate Governance, 53-66.
  79. Tavakolinia, J., Raisi, H., Pak Nahad, M., & Aghaei, P. (2016). Evaluation of the social challenges caused by the drought crisis on the sustainable development of the rural area under study: Miandeh village of Shabikoh district, Fasa city. Geography of the land, 13(49), 13-28. (In Persian).
  80. Trivedi, A. (2018). Women Are the Secret Weapon for Better Water Management. UNDP report. Retrieved from https://www.wri.org/insights/women-are-secret-weapon-better-water-management.
  81. Tsiaousi, A., & Partalidou, M. (2021). Female farmers in Greece: Looking beyond the statistics and into cultural–social characteristics. Outlook on Agriculture, 50(1), 55-63.
  82. UN Iran Country Results Report. (2019). Iran Country Results Report. The United Nations. Retrieved from https://iran.un.org/sites.
  83. UNDP, Promoting and empowering local communities in production and marketing of conserva-tion art (related to SGP project on Hawksbill turtles and nesting site)-Qeshm women group active in Handicrafts in collaboration with Environment Office of QFA (2004-2006). Retrieved from https://www.sgp.undp.org.
  84. Ungureanu, N., Vladuț, V., & Voicu, G. (2020). Water scarcity and wastewater reuse in crop irrigation. Sustainability, 12(21), 9055.
  85. UNICEF and WHO (2019). Progress on household drinking water, sanitation and hygiene 2000-2017: Special focus on inequalities. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/reports/progress-on-drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-2019.
  86. Van Wijk-Sijbesma, C. (1985). Participation of women in water supply and sanitation: roles and realities(No. 22). IRC.
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 241
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 144


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب