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ارزیابی صفات مورفولوژیک، پومولوژیک و کیفی ارقام و ژنوتیپهای هلو در شرایط محیطی استان خراسان رضوی | ||
| علوم باغبانی ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 49-65 اصل مقاله (1.58 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2022.326740.1952 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آمنه قهرمانی1؛ ابراهیم گنجی مقدم* 2؛ علی مرجانی3 | ||
| 1گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد ، ایران | ||
| 2گروه تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 3گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد بجنورد، خراسان شمالی، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش حاضر به منظور ارزیابی صفات مورفولوژیک و پومولوژیک 21 رقم/ژنوتیپ هلو تحت شرایط اقلیمی مشهد، طی دو سال (1398-1396)، بهصورت طرح آزمایشی بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. نتایج حاکی از تفاوت معنیدار ارقام و ژنوتیپها از نظر صفات مورفولوژیک، پومولوژیک و کیفی بود. نتایج نشان داد ‘Early-Red’ و ‘Vizivo’ از زودگلترین ارقام با طول دوره گلدهی بالا (20 روز) بودند. همچنین ‘Baby Gold-5’ و ‘PMsh-5’ زودرسترین و ‘PMsh-2’ و ‘PMsh-4’ دیررسترین بودند. ‘Dixie Red’ و ‘PMsh-5’ بهترتیب با 85/1 و 77/1 مترمکعب بیشترین حجم تاج درخت را داشتند. از نظر وزن میوه، ‘J.H.Hale’ با 92/148 گرم دارای بالاترین میانگین بود، در مقابل، ‘Apago’، ‘Early-Red’ و ‘PMsh-5’ کمترین وزن میوه را داشتند. ارقام و ژنوتیپهای ‘PMsh-1’، ‘Vizivo’، ‘PMsh-6’ و ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’ دارای بالاترین میانگین طول، عرض و شکل میوه بودند و در گروه مشترک آماری با رقم ‘J.H.Hale’ قرار گرفتند. رقم ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’ در مقایسه با شاهد (‘J.H.Hale’) 1/59 درصد کارایی عملکرد بالاتری داشت. بیشترین کارایی عملکرد مربوط به ‘Baby Gold-5’، ‘PMsh-3’، ‘Suncrest’ و ‘PMsh-8’ بود. کمترین اسیدیته در ‘Apago’، ‘Shasta’ و ‘PMsh-8’ بهدست آمد. ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’ 68/3 درصد محتوای TSS بالاتری از رقم شاهد (‘J.H.Hale’) داشت. ‘Apago’، ‘PMsh-1’، ‘Shasta’ و ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’ در مقایسه با رقم ‘J.H. Hale’ به ترتیب 17/16، 25/27، 29/26 و 67/26 درصد شاخص طعم بالاتری داشتند. به‌طور کلی، براساس صفات مورد مطالعه، ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’، ‘Vizivo’، ‘PMsh-1’ و ‘PMsh-6’ به‌عنوان ارقام و ژنوتیپهای امیدبخش برای منطقه اقلیمی مشهد قابل توصیه میباشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سفتی بافت میوه؛ شاخص طعم؛ صفات پومولوژیک؛ کارایی عملکرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determining Morphological, Pomological, and Qualitative Traits of Peach Cultivars and Genotypes under the Environmental Conditions of Khorasan Razavi Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ameneh Ghahremani1؛ Ebrahim Ganji Moghaddam2؛ Ali Marjani3 | ||
| 1Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran. | ||
| 2Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Bojnoord Branch, Bojnourd, North Khorasan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was conducted to evaluate the morpho-physiological and pomological traits of 21 peach cultivars/genotypes under the Mashhad climatic conditions, during two years (2017-2019), based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated significant differences between cultivars and genotypes in terms of morphological, pomological, and qualitative traits. The results showed that ‘Early-Red’ and ‘Vizivo’ were among the early flowering genotypes with a long flowering period (20 days). ‘Baby Gold-5’ and ‘PMsh-5’ were the earliest-ripening, and ‘PMsh-2’ and ‘PMsh-4’ were the latest-ripening genotypes. ‘Dixie Red’ and ‘PMsh-5’with 1.85 and 1.77 m3 respectively had the highest volume of the crown of the tree. ‘J.H.Hale’ had the highest fruit weight with an average of 148.92 g, while ‘Apago’, ‘Early-Red’, and ‘PMsh-5’ had the lowest fruit weight. ‘PMsh-1’, ‘Vizivo’, ‘PMsh-6’, and ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’ cultivars and genotypes had the highest fruit length, width, and shape index and placed statistically in the same group with ‘J.H.Hale’ cultivar. ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’ cultivar showed 59.1% more yield efficiency, compared to the control cultivar (‘J.H.Hale’). The highest yield efficiency belonged to ‘Baby Gold-5’, ‘PMsh-3’, ‘Suncrest’, and ‘PMsh-8’. The lowest acidity achieved in ‘Apago’, ‘Shasta’, and ‘PMsh-8’. ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’, had the highest TSS content, which was increased by 3.68% compared to the control cultivar (‘J.H.Hale’). ‘Apago’, ‘PMsh-1’, ‘Shasta’, and ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’, compared to ‘J.H.Hale’ cultivar, had higher flavor index, 16.17, 27.25, 26.29 and 26.67%, respectively. In general, based on the studied traits, ‘Sorkho-Sefid Mashhad’, ‘Vizivo’, ‘PMsh-1’, and ‘PMsh-6’ are recommended as promising cultivars and genotypes under Mashhad climatic conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Tissue firmness, Flavor index, Pomological traits, Yield efficiency | ||
| مراجع | ||
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