Profile of injury in Iranian elite Taekwondo athletes

Sadeghi, Mahsa; Rahnama, Nader

doi:10.22059/sshr.2023.358390.1086

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	Profile of injury in Iranian elite Taekwondo athletes
Sport Sciences and Health Research
دوره 14، شماره 2، مهر 2022، صفحه 237-244 اصل مقاله (342.8 K)
نوع مقاله: Research Paper
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/sshr.2023.358390.1086
نویسندگان
Mahsa Sadeghi¹؛ Nader Rahnama^* ²
¹Department of sport injury and corrective exercises, Faculty of Physical Education, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
²Full professor, Department of Physical Education, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده
Background: Taekwondo is a traditional Iranian martial art currently practiced in over 206 countries around the world. Aim: The present study aims to provide fundamental information on injuries in Iranian elite Taekwondo athletes. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 Iran Taekwondo national team athletes (means±standard deviations: Age: 28.8±10.7 years, Height: 175.7±9.2 cm, Weight: 69±14.7 kg) participated in this retrospective study. The data was collected based on the injury surveillance system during 2021. The questionnaire included personal information and Taekwondo-related injuries information. Data was illustrated using descriptive methods and was analyzed using the Chi-Square test (P<0.05). Results: The overall injury occurred during training was more than competition (P<0.05). The occurrence of acute injury was higher than chronic (P<0.05), and the most prevalent types of injuries were strain, rupture, and muscle spasm. The number of injuries that occurred in the lower extremity was higher than in other parts (P<0.05), and the knee was the most vulnerable joint (P<0.05). The most important cause of injuries was fatigue (P<0.05). The non-contact injury was the most significant injury mechanism (P<0.05). The severity of injury in Iranian elite Taekwondo athletes was high (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that injuries during training were more than competition, acute injury was more than chronic, strain was the most common type of injury, and the most vulnerable joint was the knee. Fatigue was the leading cause of injuries in elite Taekwondo athletes. So, in designing an injury prevention program, these factors should be considered.
کلیدواژه‌ها
elite؛ injury؛ prevention program؛ sport injury؛ Taekwondo

مراجع
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آمار

Profile of injury in Iranian elite Taekwondo athletes

[1] Park SA, Shoemaker CA. “Observing body position of older adults while gardening for health benefits and risks”. Activities, Adaptation & Aging. 2009; 33(1): 31-8. ttps://doi.org/10.1080/01924780902718582.

[2] Van Mechelen W, Hlobil H, Kemper HC. “Incidence, severity, aetiology and prevention of sports injuries: a review of concepts”. Sports Medicine. 1992; 14: 82-99. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199214020-00002.

[3] Finch CF, Mccrory P, Ewing MT, Sullivan SJ. “Concussion guidelines need to move from only expert content to also include implementation and dissemination strategies”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2013; 47(1): 12-4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091796.

[4] Altarriba-bartes A, Drobnic F, Til L, Malliaropoulos N, Montoro JB, Irurtia A. “Epidemiology of injuries in elite Taekwondo athletes: two Olympic periods cross-sectional retrospective study”. BMJ Open. 2014; 4(2): e004605. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004605.

[5] Zetaruk MN, Violan MA, Zurakowski D, Micheli LJ. “Injuries in martial arts: a comparison of five styles”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2005; 39(1): 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2003.010322.

[6] Kazemi M, Shearer H, Su Choung Y. “Pre-competition habits and injuries in Taekwondo athletes”. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2005; 6(1): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-6-26.

[7] Lee JY, Lee YS, Kim SE. “Differences in causes of activity limitation by sex and age”. Journal of Men's Health. 2020; 16(2): 18-26.

[8] Minghelli B, Machado L, Capela R. “Musculoskeletal injuries in Taekwondo athletes: a nationwide study in Portugal”. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020; 66(2): 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.2.124.

[9] Area O. “Injuries at the National Sport Festival Taekwondo championship in Sri Lanka”. Medicina Dello Sport. 2020; 73(1): 96-106. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0025-826.20.03596-6.

[10] Jeong HS, Ha S, Jeong DH, O’Sullivan DM, Lee SY. “Injury and illness in World Taekwondo Junior Athletes: an epidemiological study”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(4): 2134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042134.

[11] Son B, Cho YJ, Jeong HS, Lee SY. “Injuries in Korean elite Taekwondo athletes: A prospective study”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(14): 5143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145143.

[13] Dick R, Agel J, Marshall SW. “National collegiate athletic association Injury surveillance system commentaries: introduction and methods”. J Athl Train. 2007; 42(2): 173-82.

[15] Oler M, Tomson W, Pepe H, Yoon D, Branoff R, Branch J. “Morbidity and mortality in the martial arts: A warning”. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 1991; 31(2): 251-3. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199102000-00017.

[16] Ji M. “Analysis of injuries in Taekwondo athletes”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2016; 28(1) :231-4.

[17] Lystad RP, Graham PL, Poulos RG. “Epidemiology of training injuries in amateur Taekwondo athletes: A retrospective cohort study”. Biology of Sport. 2015; 32(3): 213-8. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1150303.

[18] Fortina M, Mangano S, Carta S, Carulli C. “Analysis of injuries and risk factors in Taekwondo during the 2014 Italian University Championship”. Joints. 2017; 5(03): 168-72. ttps://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1605390.

[19] Chen B. “Characteristics of sports injuries in Taekwondo athletes in physical training”. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte. 2022; 28:43-5. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202228012021_0463.

[20] Kelly JP, Rosenberg JH. “The development of guidelines for the management of concussion in sports”. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 1998; 13(2): 53-65. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001199-199804000-00008.

[21] Pate RR, Pratt MD, Blair SN, et al. “Physical activity and public health: a recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine”. Jama. 1995; 273(5): 402-407. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520290054029.

[22] Lystad RP, Pollard H, Graham PL. “Epidemiology of injuries in competition Taekwondo: A meta-analysis of observational studies”. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2009; 12(6): 614-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2008.09.013.

[23] Rahnama N, Reilly T, Lees A, Graham-Smith P. “Muscle fatigue induced by exercise simulating the work rate of competitive soccer”. Journal of Sports Science. 2003; 21(11): 933-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000140428.

[24] Jeong G, Chun B. “Differences in sports injury types according to taekwondo athlete types (sparring, poomsae, and demonstration)”. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2022; 21(3): 473-81. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2022.473.