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ارزیابی رسهای اصلاحشده با نانوذرات مگنتیت و اگزوپلی ساکارید باکتریایی و تاثیر آنها بر فعالیت آنزیمهای اورهآز، فسفاتاز و دهیدروژناز خاک | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 53، شماره 12، اسفند 1401، صفحه 2721-2738 اصل مقاله (1.71 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.348435.669358 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محبوبه ابوالحسنی زراعتکار* 1؛ امیر لکزیان2 | ||
1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران. | ||
2گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
آنزیمهای خاک در فرایندهایی نظیر تجزیه مواد آلی، چرخه عناصر غذایی و تجزیه آلایندهها نقش مهمی دارند. بنابراین حفظ فعالیت و پایداری آنزیمها در خاک از اهمیت ویژهای برخوردار است. این پژوهش در سال 1397 در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. در این مطالعه دو نوع رس مونتموریلونیت تغییر یافته با نانوذرات مگنتیت و اگزوپلی ساکارید تهیه شدند. خصوصیات رسهای تهیه شده با کمک دستگاههای پراش اشعه ایکس و میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سپس تاثیر افزودن رسهای مونتموریلونیت تغییر یافته بر فعالیت آنزیمهای اورهآز، فسفاتاز و دهیدروژناز بررسی شد. آزمایشهای فوق در قالب طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل شامل چهار نوع رس (مونتموریلونیت، مونتموریلونیت تغییر یافته با نانوذرات مگنتیت، مونتموریلونیت آلی شده با اگزوپلیساکارید و نانوذرات مگنتیت و شاهد) در پنج زمان (1، 3، 7، 14 و 21 روز) با سه تکرار انجام شد. در تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی بهترین تغییرات مورفولوژی مربوط به رس تغییر یافته با مجموع سورفکتانت اگزوپلیساکارید و نانوذرات مگنتیت بود، سورفکتانت اگزوپلیساکارید لایههای رس را بطور کامل از هم باز و تخلخلهای فراوانی در آن ایجاد و از تجمع نانوذرات نیز جلوگیری کرد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از آنالیز آماری میزان فعالیت آنزیم اورهآز با افزودن رس مونتموریلونیت به خاک 4/1 برابر، رس تغییر یافته با نانوذرات مگنتیت 5/1 برابر، رس تغییر یافته با اگزوپلیساکارید و نانوذرات مگنتیت 3 برابر افزایش یافت. همچنین میزان فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز با افزودن رس مونتموریلونیت به خاک 1/1 برابر، رس تغییر یافته با نانوذرات مگنتیت 3/1 برابر، رس تغییر یافته با اگزوپلیساکارید و نانوذرات مگنتیت 5/1 برابر افزایش نشان داد و میزان فعالیت آنزیم دهیدروژناز با اضافه کردن رس مونتموریلونیت به خاک 1/1 برابر، رس تغییر یافته با نانوذرات مگنتیت 2/1 برابر، رس تغییر یافته با اگزوپلیساکارید و نانوذرات مگنتیت 3/1 برابر افزایش نشان داد. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج مشاهده شد که ایجاد تغییرات در محیط اطراف آنزیمها با سورفکتانت اگزوپلی ساکارید و نانوذرات مگنتیت باعث افزایش پایداری و فعالیت آنزیمها در محیط خاک در مدت زمان 21 روز انکوباسیون شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
montmorillonite؛ X-ray diffraction؛ scanning electron microscopy | ||
مراجع | ||
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