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تحلیل روابط انرژی میان ایران، ترکمنستان و ترکیه از دیدگاه منطقهگرایی | ||
مطالعات اوراسیای مرکزی | ||
دوره 15، شماره 2، اسفند 1401، صفحه 241-263 اصل مقاله (551.13 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcep.2023.349822.450106 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه شایان* 1؛ محمد علی بصیری2 | ||
1استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بینالملل، دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان | ||
2دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بینالملل، دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان | ||
چکیده | ||
در دهههای گذشته، ایران و ترکمنستان همسایگان قابل اعتمادی بودهاند، اما برای گسترش روابط و صادرات گاز به اروپا از راه ترکیه موانع و مشکلاتی داشتهاند که در پژوهشهای اخیر از دیدگاه منطقهگرایی کمتر بدان پرداخته شده است. این پرسش مطرح است که فرصتها و چالشهای حملونقل گاز ترکمنستان از مسیر ایران و ترکیه به اروپا چیست؟ در پاسخ این فرضیه مطرح میشود که روابط مثبت ترکیه، ایران و ترکمنستان و موقعیت ژئوپلیتیک ایران، سبب فرصتها و تحریم صنعت انرژی ایران از سوی آمریکا و انحصار روسیه بر خطوط انتقال انرژی سبب چالشهای انتقال گاز ترکمنستان به اروپا میشود. از چارچوب نظریۀ منطقهگرایی لوئیس کانتوری و استیون اشپیگل برای بررسی همکاری و رقابت دولتها و ترکیب این الگو با کارکردگرایی برای تحلیل عوامل همگرایی و واگرایی در روابط این کشورها استفاده میکنیم. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات منـابع کتابخانـهای و اینترنتـی و روش پژوهش کیفی بر اساس بررسی دلایل کارکردی پیتر مک لافلین است. نتایج نشان میدهد سازمان اکو و اتحادیۀ اوراسیایی گامهای اولیۀ منطقهگرایی در منطقۀ اوراسیا است و انتقال گاز یک گام عملیشدن منطقهگرایی برای سه کشور ترکمنستان ایران و ترکیه است. مرزهای طولانی و ظرفیتهای اقتصادی ترکمنستان دروازۀ ورود ایران به این کشور است. بهبود رابطۀ ایران و ترکیه و انتقال گاز به اروپا سبب درآمد و رشد اقتصادی و همگرایی این کشورها میشود، اما تحریمهای آمریکا علیه ایران در زمینۀ صادرات گاز مانعشده، سود سرشاری نصیب ایران شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اروپا؛ ایران؛ ترکمنستان؛ ترکیه؛ گاز؛ همگرایی؛ انتقال | ||
مراجع | ||
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