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بررسی تأثیر پوتریسین و 24- اپیبراسینولید بر فعالیت آنزیمهای ضداکسنده گیاه ریحان تحت شرایط تنش خشکی | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 21، دوره 24، شماره 2، تیر 1401، صفحه 563-582 اصل مقاله (1.34 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2022.314936.2487 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فرشته دارابی1؛ نصرت اله عباسی* 2؛ محمدجواد زارع3 | ||
1دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. | ||
2استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. | ||
3دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف آزمایش بررسی و ارزیابی تأثیر پوتریسین و 24- اپیبراسینولید در تغییر فعالیت آنزیمهای ضداکسنده جهت تحمل به تنش خشکی در گیاه ریحان بود. طرح بهصورت اسپلیتپلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سالهای زراعی 97- 1396 و 98-1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تیمار آبی در سه سطح (40، 80 و 120 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) در کرتهای اصلی، محلولپاشی پوتریسین در سه سطح (صفر (شاهد)، 5/0 و 2 میلیمولار) و 24-اپیبراسینولید در سه سطح (صفر (شاهد)، 5/0 و 2 میکرومولار) بهصورت فاکتوریل در کرتهای فرعی اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان پرولین در تیمارآبی 120 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر در سال اول آزمایش حاصل شد و کاربرد پوتریسین (دو میلیمولار) و 24-اپیبراسینولید (5/0 میکرومولار) نیز سبب افزایش بیشتر میزان پرولین گیاه ریحان شد. در تیمار120 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر و کاربرد دو میلیمولار پوتریسین بیشترین میزان آنزیم کاتالاز مشاهده شد. برهمکنش اثرات تنش خشکی، پوتریسین و 24-اپی براسینولید نیز نشان داد که بیشترین میزان آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز در تیمار 120 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر و بالاترین غلظت پوتریسین (دو میلیمولار) و 24- اپیبراسینولید (دو میکرومولار) مشاهده شد. در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب (40 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر)، کاربرد همزمان غلظتهای کمتر پوتریسین (5/0 میلیمولار) و اپی براسینولید (5/0 میکرومولار) و در شرایط تنش خشکی (80 و 120 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر)، غلظت بیشتر این دو ماده (دو میلیمولار پوتریسین و دو میکرومولار اپیبراسینولید) باعث افزایش آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز شد. برهمکنش چندگانه سال، تنش خشکی، پوترسین و 24- اپیبراسینولید تأثیر معنیداری بر فلاونوِئید کل و درصد اسانس ریحان گذاشت بهنحوی که در هر دو سال آزمایش، کاربرد غلظت 2 میلیمولار پوترسین و 2 میکرومولار 24-اپیبراسینولید در همه سطوح آبی بهویژه 120 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر، سبب افزایش بیشتر این دو صفت شد و در سال اول آزمایش این افزایش بیشتر از سال دوم بود. کاربرد همزمان دو میلیمولار پوترسین و دو میکرومولار اپیبراسینولید بهدلیل افزایش سنتز پرولین و آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی بهترین تیمار در جهت کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در گیاه ریحان بود، که نشاندهنده وجود رابطه همافزایی بین این دو ماده در بهبود رشد گیاه ریحان و افزایش درصد اسانس این گیاه است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسانس؛ آنتی اکسیدان؛ پرولین؛ کاتالاز؛ گایاکول پراکسیداز | ||
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