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بررسی ضرایب ژنتیکی ارقام برنج برای کاربرد در مدل های شبیه سازی گیاه زراعی | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 24، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 1085-1100 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2022.329050.2599 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
شهرام نظری  1؛ مریم حسینی2؛ سجاد رحیمی مقدم3؛ محمد محمدی4
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| 1نویسنده مسئول، بخش اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران. رایانامه: shahram_nazari1986@yahoo.com | ||
| 2بخش اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران. رایانامه: m.hosseini@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 3گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران. رایانامه: rahimi.s@lu.ac.ir | ||
| 4مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، رشت، ایران. رایانامه: m.mohammadi57@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور تعیین تفاوتهای فنولوژی برخی ارقام اصلاحشده برنج برای کاربرد در مدلهای شبیهسازی گیاه زراعی، آزمایشی در مزرعه پژوهشی مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور (رشت) در سال 1399 بهصورت بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمار آزمایش شامل شش رقم برنج (رش، آنام، گوهر، SA1، SA6 و M7) بود. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین سرعت نمو در مرحله رشد رویشی و مرحله پرشدن دانه در رقم آنام مشاهده شد. کم‌ترین و بیش‌ترین زمان لازم جهت شروع سبزشدن با سه و شش روز بهترتیب در ارقام آنام و گوهر بود. بیش‌ترین مدت زمان لازم جهت دستیابی به حداکثر گلدهی و رسیدگی فیزیولوژیکی با 71 و 103 روز در رقم گوهر بهدست آمد. بالاترین طول دوره گلدهی با 19 و 20 روز بهترتیب در ارقام دیررس رش و گوهر بهدست آمد. بیش‌ترین درجه روز رشد از شروع پرشدن دانه تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیکی با 401 درجه روز رشد مربوط به رقم M7 مشاهده شد. بیش‌ترین زمان دمایی تجمعی پیش از گلدهی با 1208 درجه روز رشد بهترتیب متعلق به رقم گوهر بود. بالاترین شاخص برداشت با 91/50 درصد در رقم گوهر بهدست آمد. هم‌چنین نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین وزن تک‌دانه تحت شرایط ایدهآل با 030/0 گرم در ارقام گوهر و M7 مشاهده شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که بالاترین ارتفاع بوته مربوط به رقم M7 با 150 سانتیمتر بود. نتایج نشان داد بالاترین نیتروژن کل جذب‌شده در بوته در زمان رسیدگی مربوط به رقم آنام مشاهده شد. بهطورکلی نتایج نشان داد که ضرایب ژنتیکی محاسبه‌شده در مدلهای مختلف در بین ارقام متفاوت است و ضرایب در دامنهای که در مدل برای گروههای مختلف رسیدگی تعریف شده است، تغییر میکنند. هم‌چنین برای محاسبه دقیق ضرایب ژنتیکی پیشنهاد میشود این آزمایش در تعداد سال بیش‌تر و اکوسیستمهای مختلف تحت کشت برنج نیز تکرار شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارتفاع بوته؛ درجه روز رشد؛ شاخص برداشت؛ گلدهی؛ وزن تک دانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of genetic coefficients of rice cultivars for applying in crop simulation models | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shahram Nazari1؛ maryam hossieni2؛ Sajjad Rahimi-Moghaddam3؛ Mohammad Mohammadi4 | ||
| 1Corresponding Author, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran. E-mail: sh.nazari@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 2Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran. E-mail: m.hosseini@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. E-mail: rahimi.s@lu.ac.ir | ||
| 4Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, Iran. E-mail: m.mohammadi57@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to determine the phenological differences of some improved rice cultivars in Iran for applying in crop simulation models, an experiment has been conducted in the research farm of the Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) in 2020 as a randomized complete block with three replications. The experimental treatment consist of six rice cultivars (Rash, Anam, Gohar, SA1, SA6 and M7). Results show that the highest development rate can be observed in development rate in juvenile phase and grain filling phase in Anam cultivar. The minimum and maximum time required to start emergence with 3 and 6 days are in Anam and Gohar cultivars, respectively. The maximum time required to achieve maximum flowering and physiological maturity is obtained with 71 and 103 days in Gohar cultivar. The highest flowering period with 19 and 20 days is obtained in late maturing Rash and Gohar cultivars, respectively. The highest growth degree days (GDD) in beginning of grain filling to maturity stage is observed with 401 GDD for M7 cultivar. The highest growth-day for pre-flowering with 1208 GDD belongs to Gohar cultivar. The highest harvest index is obtained with 50.91% in Gohar cultivar. The results also show that the single grain weight under ideal growing conditions with 0.030 g is observed in Gohar and M7 cultivars. The highest plant height belongs to cultivar M7 with 150 cm and the highest total nitrogen uptake is observed in the plant at maturity of Anam cultivar. Overall, the estimated genetic coefficients in different models differ between cultivars and the coefficients vary in the range defined in the model for different groups of maturity. To accurately calculate the genetic coefficients, it is suggested that this experiment should be repeated over several years and in different ecosystems under rice cultivation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Flowering؛ Growth Degree Days؛ Harvest index, ؛ Plant height؛ Single grain weight | ||
| مراجع | ||
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