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اثر روشهای انتقال تکنولوژی بر اشتغال: مطالعه سیستماتیک | ||
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی | ||
دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 52، شهریور 1400، صفحه 341-360 اصل مقاله (247.9 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی - کمی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jed.2021.312036.653485 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فرزانه نوری* 1؛ سهراب دل انگیزان2؛ بیژن رضایی1 | ||
1گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
2گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
روشهای مختلف انتقال تکنولوژی علاوه بر آن که در کاهش شکاف تکنولوژی مؤثرند تبعات دیگر اقتصادی به همراه دارند که عدم توجه به این آثار میتواند به مشکلات و چالشهای اقتصادی کشورها بیافزاید. از جمله؛ اثر این روشها بر اشتغال و تأثیر آن بر نیروی کار ماهر و ساده است. این مقاله برحسب هدف کاربردی و برحسب گردآوری اطلاعات اسنادی - مرور سیستماتیک مقالات علمی پژوهشی منتشر شده در زمینه اثر روشهای انتقال تکنولوژی بر اشتغال؛ با آزمون علامت و به کمک نرم افزار SPSS26، اثر ده روش منتخب انتقال تکنولوژی را بر اشتغال مورد بررسی قرار داده است. به این منظور سه پایگاه اطلاعاتی از مقالات علمی و پژوهشی فارسی و هشت پایگاه انگلیسی زبان با کلیدواژههای مرتبط به اشتغال جستجو شده است. در سطح 1%؛ از میان روشهای مورد بررسی، اتحاد و سرمایهگذاری مشترک بر اشتغال بی اثر و اثر روشهای ادغام و اکتساب، سرمایهگذاری مستقیم خارجی، فرانشیز، مجوز فعالیت، شرکتهای چند ملیتی، تحقیق و توسعه و شرکتهای زایشی بر اشتغال مثبت شناسایی شد. در مرحلۀ دوم؛ با استفاده از روش تاپسیس، روشهای انتقال تکنولوژی بر مبنای معیار اثر بر اشتغال نیروی کار ماهر و ساده رتبهبندی شدند. بر این اساس روش فرانشیز مناسبترین روش برای ایجاد اشتغال در نیروی کار ساده و روشهای تحقیق و توسعه، سرمایهگذاری مستقیم خارجی و شرکتهای زایشی مناسبترین روش برای ایجاد اشتغال در نیروی کار ماهر شناسایی شدند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اشتغال؛ روشهای انتقال تکنولوژی؛ نیروی کار ساده؛ نیروی کار ماهر | ||
مراجع | ||
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