پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,225 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,685 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 114,981,879 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,653,836 |
حس‌مکان در فضای حقیقی و مجازی و نقش آن در معناسازی وتجربه اثر هنری | ||
| نشریه هنرهای زیبا: هنرهای تجسمی | ||
| دوره 26، شماره 2، شهریور 1400، صفحه 71-79 اصل مقاله (622.34 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jfava.2020.296455.666401 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نادیا علیانی* 1؛ صمد سامانیان2 | ||
| 1حفاظت و مرمت آثار فرهنگی و تاریخی دانشگاه هنر تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده هنرهای کاربردی، دانشگاه هنر | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تجربه اثر هنری، تنها می‌تواند در"فضا" متصوّر باشد و دادوستد مفسّرانه مخاطب و اثر، فهم زیبایی‌شناسانه و معنابخشی، در فضاست که حادث می‌شود. شکل‌گیری مفاهیم نوظهوری چون حقیقت‌مجازی، قطعیّت حواس و تجربه‌ی شناخته‌شده‌ی آدمی از بُعد مکان را به چالش کشیده‌است و نیاز به بازنگری شیوه سنّتیِ تحلیل حس‌مکان را-که تاکنون بیشتر در مباحث معماری و شهرسازی و با رویکردی کالبدی تعریف می‌شده- بیش‌ازپیش ایجاد نموده‌است. در این مقاله، که از منظر پدیدارشناسی، و به‌روش توصیفی-تحلیلی به بررسی نقش دامنه‌های فضا در تفسیر مخاطب از اثر می‌پردازد و نقش حقیقت و مجاز در تولید معنا و تجربه زیبایی‌شناسانه اثر را مورد کنکاش قرارمی‌دهد، مسأله‌ی اصلی، قیاسِ درکِ بدنمند و ذهنی یک مکان و تأثیرات آن در به فهم آمدن اثر هنری است. اینکه تلقّی آدمی از واقعیّت مکان و درک آثار، چگونه با طرح فضاهای غیرحقیقی دستخوش تحول گشته؟ نتایج حاصل از بررسیِ ابعادی از فضا که به رابطه اثر و مخاطب می‌پردازد، منجر به آسیب‌شناسیِ حذف بُعد حقیقی مکان در نمایش اثر شده‌است که از وجه زیبایی‌شناختی و نیز اجتماعی موجب شکل‌گیری بحرانی به نام انسانی‌زدایی می‌گردد و درنتیجه تلاش برای تجربه اثر تنها در بُعد غیرمادّی، تجربیات مشاهده‌گر را به سطح پایین‌تری از ادراک تنزل می‌دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| حس مکان؛ موزه مجازی؛ دامنه فضا؛ تجربه اثر هنری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The sense of place in real and virtual spaces and its role in the meaning making and experience of artworks | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Samad Samanian2؛ | ||
| 2Applied Art Faculty , University Of Art, Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The experience of an artifact can only be contained in space, and the interpretive trade between the audience and the work of art, forming aesthetic and semantic relations only occurs in a space. The emergence of concepts such as the virtual reality, has challenged the certainty of the senses, and the well-known human experience of the space dimensions And it has made it necessary to rethink and review the traditional ways of sense analysis -so far more defined in architectural and urban discourse, with a physical approach-This paper examines the role of space domains in the interpretation of art from a phenomenological and descriptive-analytical perspective and explores the role of truth and authority in producing the aesthetic meaning and experience of the work. In this paper, the main issue is the analogy of the physical and mental understanding of a place and its effects on the understanding of artwork and How human perceptions of the reality of place and perception of art have evolved through the design of virtual spaces? The results of dimensional exploration of space that deal with the relationship of the work and the audience have led to the pathology of deleting the actual dimension of the place in the representation of the work. this creates a crisis called human deconstruction, and the attempt to experience the effect only in the immaterial dimension reduces the observer's experiences to a lower level of perception. In the experience of a work of art, during the process of making sense of a historical object or any work of museum value, three pillars are known to be effective in communicating between the work and the audience. The first two part of this relationship is the work and the audience and The third part can be considered the place. We are discussing it in this article. The performance space is the context in which the experience of the work, its meaning, and the whole interpretation of the work are formed by audience. But today experience of place is not necessarily physical experience and is not defined exclusively through its dependence on physical components. In this case, space, as a factor in meaning making and interpretation, can be physical and tangible, or subjective and virtual. It can be argued that the foregoing issue is the product of the present age and has not been such a subject until the last century. Because the experience of the museum space, which until then was only influenced by the physical presence of the artist at the show, is now being challenged by the evolution of the art form. As the audience's intellectual infrastructure changes from the experience of the work, many spiritual concepts and physical realities of the museum and artwork are viewed in a different way. As museums of the present age seek to familiarize their audiences with the subject matter, nature, and meanings of the works in various ways, the importance of one's physical presence in the material "place" in relation to the representation of the work is questionable. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Sense of Place, Virtual Museum, Experiencing Artwork, .Space Domains | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
اکبری، علی و نیرومند شیشوان، مهدیه(1398) جایگاه تجربة زیسته از منظر فلسفة بدن در فرایند طراحی و خلق مکان،پژوهش های فلسفی، دوره 13، شماره 26، صص 25-52.
جوان فروزنده، علی و مطلبی، قاسم (1390) مفهوم حس تعلق به مکان و عوامل تشکیل دهنده آن، نشریه هویت شهر، دوره 5، شماره 8، صص 27-37.
فلاحت، محمد صادق(1385)، مفهوم حس مکان و عوامل تشکیل دهنده آن، هنرهای زیبا، شماره 26 ، صص 57-66.
لگنهاوزن، محمد و فعالی، محمدتقی(1378)، منشا امکان تمام ممکنات در تفکر کانت و تفکر اسلامی، قبسات، شماره 12، صص 54-68. هال، استیون، یوهانی پالاسما و آلبرتو پرز-گومز (۱۳۹۴)، پرسش‌های ادراک: پدیدارشناسی معماری، ترجمه علی اکبری و محمدامین شریفیان، تهران: پرهام‌نقش.
پرتوی، پروین(1388) پدیدارشناسی مکان، نشرفرهنگستان هنر، تهران.
نیچه(1388) تبارشناسی اخلاق، ترجمۀ داریوش آشوری،نشر آگه، تهران.
Abbott, H. porter (2002), The Cambridge Introduction to Narrative, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom.
Allan, Kenneth (2010), Explorations in Classical Sociological Theory: Seeing the Social World. Pine Forge Press, United States.
Ambrose, Timothy and Paine, Crispin (2006), Museum basics, Routledge publications, London, United Kingdom.
Barranha, Helena and Martins, Susana (2015), Uncertain Spaces: Virtual Configurations in Contemporary Art and Museums, Publisher: Lisboa: Instituto de História da Arte, Spain.
Benjamin, Walter (1935), In: Illuminations, translated by Harry Zohn, from the 1935 essay, Schocken publications, New York, United States.
Blake, N (1998), Using the web in undergraduate education, Journal of Educational Computing, Vol5(2), pp 234-251. Bounia, Alexandra and Myrivili, Eleni (2015), Beyond the Virtual: Intangible Museographies and Collaborative Musem Experimences, International Journal of Tourism Research, Vol 11, pp 155–170.
Creswell, J.W (2007), Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches, Sage Publications, United Kingdom.
Dallas, C (2007), Archaeological knowledge, virtual exhibitions and the social construction of meaning.,in P, Moscati(ed.) Virtual Museums and Archaeology: The contribution of the Italian National Research Council. Archeologia e Calcolatori, pp. 31-64.
Denzin, N. K and Lincoln, Y.S (2008), Methods of collecting and analyzing empirical materials. In N.K. Denzin & Y.S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials pp. 45-55.
Dewey, J (1934), Art as Experience, George Allen & Unwin Ltd, United Kingdom, London .
Dudley ,Sandra (2012), Materiality Matters: Experiencing the Displayed Object, University of Leicester, University of Michigan Working Papers in Museum Studies Number 8.
Falk, John and Dierking (2000), Learning from Museums : Visitor Experiences and the Making of Meaning, AltaMira Press, United States.
Falk, John and Lynn Dierking (1992), The museum experience, Whalesback Books, Washinghton.
Forrest, R (2014), Design Factors in the Museum Visitor Experience, PhD thesis The University of Queensland, Queensland. Heidegger,Martin(1977),What Calls For Thinking in Martin Heidegger Basic Writings, Harper & Row, NewYork, United States.
Hidalgo, M.C and Hernandez, B (2001), Place attachment: conceptual and emprical questions, Journal of Environmental Psychology, Vol 21, pp 273 281.
Hillier, B and Tzortzki, K(2006), Space Syntax: The Language of Museum Space. In A Companion to Museum Studies, Blackwell Publications, Massachusetts, United States.
Hoffert Eric. Miller,Gavin. Shenchang Eric Chen, Patterson,Elizabeth, Blackketter,Dean, Rubin,Steve, Applin, Sally Ann, Yim,Derrick and Hanan,Jim(2006), The virtual museum: Interactive 3D navigation of a multimedia database, The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, Volume 3, Issue 3, pp 183–197. Holahan, C. J. (1982), Environmental psychology, Random House, New York.
Hooper Greenhill, Eilean, (1992), Museums and the shaping of knowledge, Routledge publishing, London, United Kingdom.
Huhtamo, E(2002), On the origins of the virtual museum. In Ross P. (2010, ed.). Museums in a digital age, Routledge, London. pp. 121 135.
Ivarsson, Elin(2009), Definition and prospects of the Virtual museum, One Year Master Thesis, Department of ALM Museum and Heritage Studies Supervisor: Isto Huvila.
José Moreno, María (2007), Art Museums and the Internet: The Emergence of the Virtual Museum Department of Social Sciences, College of General Studies University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus Puerto Rico,Crossings,Volume5,Issue 1 Jun, J. Z. and Bin, W. Z. (2011), Ideas transforming in the Public Arts Education of Virtual Museum. The 6th International Conference on Computer Science & Education. United States.
Keene, Suzanne (2005), Fragments of the world uses of museum collections, collections for enjoyment, Routledge Publications, United Kingdom.
Lacey, Simon. And Lawson, Rebecca (2013), Multisensory Imagery, Springer Science & Business Media LLC. Germany. Leach, Denice Blair (2007), Dynamic Museum Place: Exploring the Multi Dimensional Museum Environment ,The Journal of Museum Education, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp.199 209 .
MacLeod, S (2005), Reshaping Museum Space: Architecture, Design, Exhibitions, Routledge Publications, New York, Unite States.
Malraux, Andre (1967), Museum Without Walls, Secker & Warburg, London .
Norberg Schulz, C. (1979), Genius Loci: Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture, Rozoli., New York.
Pallasma, Juhani (2006), the eyes of the skin architecture and senses, John wiley and sons Ltd, United States .
Relph, E(1976), Place and Placeless ness, Pion Press, London.
Schorch, Philipp (2013), The experience of a museum space, Museum management and curatorship, vol. 28, No.2, pp. 193 208.
Schweibenz, Werner (1998), The virtual museum: new perspectives for museums to present objects and information using the internet as a knowledge base and communication system, Knowledge Management and communications system, Workflow Management, Multimedia, Knowledge Transfer, Proceedings the 6th Internationalen Symposium of Information swissenschaft, Prag, pp. 185 – 200.
Silverman, L. H. (1995), Visitor Meaning Making in Museums for a New Age, Curator: The Museum Journal ,Vol 38, pp 161 170.
Staniszewski, M. A. (1998), The Power of Display: A History of Exhibition Installations at the Museum of Modern Art. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press,United Kingdom.
Stedman Richard.C, Is It Really Just a Social Construction?: The Contribution of the Physical Environment to Sense of Place Society & Natural Resources An International Journal Volume 16, 2003 Issue 8 pp 671 685.
Tsichritzis, Dennis; Gibbs, Simon, (1991), “Virtual museums and virtual realities”. International Conference on Hypermedia & Interactivity in Museums, Archives & Museum Informatics.
Tuan, Y F,(1977), Space and Place: the Perspective of Experience, Minneapolis, Minnesota, University of Minnesota Press. Tucci,G and Cini,D and Nobile,A(2011), GeCo Geomatics & Communication for Cultural Heritage Laboratory,University of Florence, via Micheli 8, Florence, Italy.
Ulusoy, K. (2010), Open Education Students’ Perspectives on Using Virtual Museums Application in Teaching history Subjects, Turkish Journal of Distance Education, Vol 11, Number4, pp 36 46 .
Walmsley, B. (2016), From arts marketing to audience enrichment: How digital engagement can deepen and democratize artistic exchange with audiences. Poetics, Vol 58, pp 66–78 .
Williams, D.R. and Stewart, S.I(1998), Sense of place: an elusive concept that is finding a home in ecosystem management, Journal of Forestry, Vol 96, Issue5, pp18–23.
www.museumsdigitalculture.prattsi.org. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 677 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 868 |
||