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ارزیابی عملکرد کمی، عملکرد اسانس و محتوای عناصر غذایی آویشن در پاسخ به منابع کودی و رژیمهای مختلف آبیاری | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 22، دوره 24، شماره 2، تیر 1401، صفحه 583-599 اصل مقاله (1.55 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.317073.2502 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محمد طیب بایزیدی اقدم1؛ جلال جلیلیان* 2؛ حمید محمدی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
2دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
3دانشیار، گروه زراعت و گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
یکی از مهمترین اهداف کشت گیاهان دارویی، بهبود محتوای اسانس آنها میباشد که تحت تأثیر عواملی محیطی از جمله شرایط تنش کمآبیاری و تغذیهای قرار خواهد گرفت. بدین منظور، مطالعهای سهساله بهصورت اسپلیتپلات در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه ارومیه در سالهای زراعی 96-1393 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سطوح آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری نرمال، آبیاری تکمیلی و شرایط دیم) و فاکتور فرعی در شش سطح در برگیرنده تیمارهای کودی شامل کود زیستی (ازتوبارور یک+ فسفات بارور دو) همراه و بدون ورمیکمپوست، کود شیمیایی کامل و کود نانو کامل همراه و بدون ورمیکمپوست بود. نمونهبرداری و آنالیز صفات در سال زراعی 96-1395 (سال سوم کاشت) انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد تیمارهای آبیاری تکمیلی و دیم بهترتیب ضمن کاهش غلظت عناصر نیتروژن (94/14 و 72/7 درصد)، فسفر (20/31 و 71/37 درصد)، پتاسیم (58/11 و 14/9 درصد)، مس (27/14 و 96/28 درصد)، و وزن خشک کل آویشن (22/33 و 14/56 درصد) سبب افزایش غلظت عناصر آهن (08/8 و 05/66 درصد)، روی (82/16 و 16/7 درصد) و عملکرد اسانس (32/25 و 11/37 درصد) نسبت به شرایط آبیاری نرمال شد. کاربرد تلفیقی کود نانو با ورمیکمپوست در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و کاربرد کود نانو در شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی و دیم منجر به بهبود عملکرد اسانس (بهترتیب 70/2، 39/3 و 78/3 درصد) شد. بهطور کلی بهبود عملکرد اسانس در شرایط نامساعد محیطی بههنگام کاربرد کود نانو، نشاندهنده کارایی این کود در تأمین عناصر غذایی و دستیابی به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
عملکرد اسانس؛ کود زیستی؛ کود شیمیایی؛ کود نانو؛ ورمیکمپوست | ||
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