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ارزیابی کیفیت خاک در خاک‌های شالیزاری با عملکردهای متفاوت (مطالعه موردی: کوچصفهان استان گیلان) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 51، شماره 12، اسفند 1399، صفحه 3161-3176 اصل مقاله (1.54 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.305420.668660 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم شکوری1؛ محمود شعبانپور* 2؛ ناصر دواتگر3؛ مجید وظیفه دوست4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه خاکشناسى، دانشکده کشاورزى، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت | ||
| 3موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور-دکترای خاکشناسی | ||
| 4گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رشد سریع جمعیت و بهدنبال آن افزایش نیاز غذایی، شناخت روابط عملکرد و شرایط خاک را ضروری میسازد. یکی از شاخصهایی که شرایط خاک و ویژگیهای مربوط به آن را به خوبی نشان میدهد شاخص کیفیت خاک است. این پژوهش بهمنظور تعیین اثر کیفیت خاک بر عملکرد برنج در شمال ایران (استان گیلان) انجام گردید. 64 نمونه خاک از مزراع برنج، برای اندازهگیری ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی موثر برکیفیت خاک تهیه و همچنین عملکرد برنج نیز در مزارع مذکور با استفاده از پلاتگذاری تعیین شد. سپس عملکرد کل منطقه به سه کلاس با عملکردهای کمتر از 4000 کیلوگرم بر هکتار (کلاس یک)، 4000 تا 4500 کیلوگرم بر هکتار (کلاس دوم) و بالاتر از 4500 کیلوگرم بر هکتار (کلاس سوم) تقسیم شد. برای تعیین شاخص کیفیت خاک از میان ویژگیهای مطالعه شده 16 ویژگی بهعنوان شاخصهای انتخابی روش کل دادهها (TDS) و پنج ویژگی با استفاده از تجزیه به مولفههای اصلی به عنوان شاخصهای انتخابی روش مجموعه حداقل دادهها (MDS) انتخاب شد. از منطق فازی برای نمرهدهی و مفهوم شاخص اشتراک برای وزندهی شاخصها استفاده و در نهایت تلفیق آنها با استفاده از روش افزایشی وزندار انجام شد. بررسی نتایج شاخص کیفیت، همبستگی مثبت و بالا در دو روش TDS و MDS را نشان داد (R2=0.87). نتایج ضریب همبستگی بین عملکرد و SQI به روش TDS (R2=0.52) بالاتر از SQI به روش MDS (R2=0.28) بود. در روش MDS نیز مانند روش TDSشاهد روند افزایشی در مقدار SQI کلاسهای بالاتر عملکرد بوده، اما اختلاف معنیدار در بین کلاس دوم و سوم دیده نشد. تفاوت در بین کیفیت خاک با عملکردهای پایینتر با روش MDS معنیدار است اما این تفاوت در سطوح بالاتر عملکرد کمتر قابل تمیز میباشد، زیرا با کاهش تعداد شاخصها دقت و حساسیت ارزیابی کیفیت خاک کاهش مییابد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی؛ مزارع برنج؛ شاخص کیفیت خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessment of Soil Quality in Paddy Soils with Different Yields (A Case Study: Kouchsfahan, Guilan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| maryam Shakouri1؛ Mahmoud Shabanpour2؛ Naser Davatgar3؛ Majid Vazifehdoust4 | ||
| 1PhD student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan | ||
| 3Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), | ||
| 4Assistant professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rapid growth of population, followed by increasing food demand, necessitates knowledge of the relationship between yield and soil conditions. The soil quality index (SQI) is one of the indicators showing the soil conditions and the related properties very well.This study was performed to determine the effect of soil quality on rice yield in north of Iran (Gilan province). 64 soil samples from rice fields were prepared to measure the physical and chemical properties affecting soil quality and also the yield of rice in the mentioned fields were determined using plot. Then the total yields were divided into three classes with yields of less than 4000 kg/ha (first class), 4000-4500 kg/ha (second class) and more than 4500 kg/ha (third class). Among the studied properties, 16 properties as selected indicators of total data method (TDS) and five properties using principal component analysis as selected indicators of minimum data set method (MDS) were selected to determine the soil quality index. Fuzzy logic was used for scoring and the concept of communality index was used to weight the indicators and finally they were combined using weighted additive method. The results of quality index showed a positive and high correlation between TDS and MDS methods (R2 = 0.87). The results of correlation coefficient between yield and SQI by TDS method (R2 = 0.52) were higher than the SQI by MDS method (R2 = 0.28). In the MDS method, simmilar to TDS method, there was an increasing trend in the SQI value of higher yield classes, but there is no significant difference between the second and third classes. The difference between soil quality and lower yields with MDS method is significant, but this difference is not significant at higher yield levels, because as the number of indicators decreases, the accuracy and sensitivity of soil quality assessment decreases. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Principal Component Analysis, Rice fields, Soil quality Index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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