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ارزیابی کیفیت خاک در خاکهای شالیزاری با عملکردهای متفاوت (مطالعه موردی: کوچصفهان استان گیلان) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 51، شماره 12، اسفند 1399، صفحه 3161-3176 اصل مقاله (1.54 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.305420.668660 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم شکوری1؛ محمود شعبانپور* 2؛ ناصر دواتگر3؛ مجید وظیفه دوست4 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
2دانشیار گروه خاکشناسى، دانشکده کشاورزى، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت | ||
3موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور-دکترای خاکشناسی | ||
4گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
چکیده | ||
رشد سریع جمعیت و بهدنبال آن افزایش نیاز غذایی، شناخت روابط عملکرد و شرایط خاک را ضروری میسازد. یکی از شاخصهایی که شرایط خاک و ویژگیهای مربوط به آن را به خوبی نشان میدهد شاخص کیفیت خاک است. این پژوهش بهمنظور تعیین اثر کیفیت خاک بر عملکرد برنج در شمال ایران (استان گیلان) انجام گردید. 64 نمونه خاک از مزراع برنج، برای اندازهگیری ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی موثر برکیفیت خاک تهیه و همچنین عملکرد برنج نیز در مزارع مذکور با استفاده از پلاتگذاری تعیین شد. سپس عملکرد کل منطقه به سه کلاس با عملکردهای کمتر از 4000 کیلوگرم بر هکتار (کلاس یک)، 4000 تا 4500 کیلوگرم بر هکتار (کلاس دوم) و بالاتر از 4500 کیلوگرم بر هکتار (کلاس سوم) تقسیم شد. برای تعیین شاخص کیفیت خاک از میان ویژگیهای مطالعه شده 16 ویژگی بهعنوان شاخصهای انتخابی روش کل دادهها (TDS) و پنج ویژگی با استفاده از تجزیه به مولفههای اصلی به عنوان شاخصهای انتخابی روش مجموعه حداقل دادهها (MDS) انتخاب شد. از منطق فازی برای نمرهدهی و مفهوم شاخص اشتراک برای وزندهی شاخصها استفاده و در نهایت تلفیق آنها با استفاده از روش افزایشی وزندار انجام شد. بررسی نتایج شاخص کیفیت، همبستگی مثبت و بالا در دو روش TDS و MDS را نشان داد (R2=0.87). نتایج ضریب همبستگی بین عملکرد و SQI به روش TDS (R2=0.52) بالاتر از SQI به روش MDS (R2=0.28) بود. در روش MDS نیز مانند روش TDSشاهد روند افزایشی در مقدار SQI کلاسهای بالاتر عملکرد بوده، اما اختلاف معنیدار در بین کلاس دوم و سوم دیده نشد. تفاوت در بین کیفیت خاک با عملکردهای پایینتر با روش MDS معنیدار است اما این تفاوت در سطوح بالاتر عملکرد کمتر قابل تمیز میباشد، زیرا با کاهش تعداد شاخصها دقت و حساسیت ارزیابی کیفیت خاک کاهش مییابد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی؛ مزارع برنج؛ شاخص کیفیت خاک | ||
مراجع | ||
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