پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,753 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,093,676 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,843,183 |
الگوی اقتصاد دانشبنیان در تولید محصولات کشاورزی: راهکاری برای اثرگذاری دانش در تولید | ||
| تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 51، شماره 1، فروردین 1399، صفحه 15-31 اصل مقاله (422.43 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2019.288435.668808 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی باستانی1؛ سید صفدر حسینی* 2؛ حبیب اله سلامی3؛ سعید یزدانی4؛ هرمز اسدی5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 4استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 5استادیار تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| معمولاً، دانش بهعنوان یک نهادهی غیرقابل لمس در تولید شناخته میشود. در صورتیکه در مبانی نظری اقتصاد دانشبنیان، دانش بهعنوان یک منبع دایمی در تمامی بخشهای فعال اقتصاد از جمله بخش کشاورزی، با مشارکت در جریان تولید همواره سبب افزایش تولید، مزیت رقابتی و ایجاد ارزش افزوده شده است. با این وجود، تولید در چارچوب اقتصاد دانشبنیان و چگونگی ورود دانش به جریان تولید محصولات کشاورزی یکی از مباحث بسیار پیچیده در اقتصاد میباشد. از اینرو، با توجه به جایگاه اقتصاد دانشبنیان و توجه ویژه سیاستگذاران به تحقق آن در اسناد بالادستی، مقالهی پیشرو تلاش میکند با بهرهگیری از مطالعات گذشته و مرور آنها به روش تحلیلی و توصیفی، به بحث پیرامون مفهوم اقتصاد دانشبنیان در تولید محصولات کشاورزی و چگونگی اثرگذاری دانش بر تولید بپردازد. یافتههای این پژوهش اطلاعات مفیدی در جهت درک بهتر مفهوم اقتصاد دانشبنیان در تولید محصولات کشاورزی ارایه میدهد. مرور مطالعات گذشته نشان میدهد، در اقتصاد دانشبنیان، دانش بهعنوان یک نهاده و کالای عمومی در نتیجهی انجام تحقیقات موفق، از طریق بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید بر جریان تولید اثرگذار است. بهعبارت دیگر، در اقتصاد دانشبنیان بخشی از بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید بوسیلهی موجودی دانش منتج شده از مخارج تحقیقات و ترویج، توضیح داده میشود که این بخش با اثرگذاری بر جریان تولید میتواند معیاری برای سنجش میزان دانشبنیان شدن فعالیتها نیز باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اقتصاد دانشبنیان؛ کشاورزی؛ تابع تولید؛ بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Pattern of Knowledge Based Economy in Agricultural Production: An Approach to Consider Knowledge in Production | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehdi Bastani1؛ Seyed Safdar Hoseini2؛ Habibollah Salami3؛ Saeid Yazdani4؛ Hormoz Asadi5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 4Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 5Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics Research Institute of Seed and Plant Improvement, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Knowledge is usually known as an intangible input in production. While knowledge, according to the theoretical foundations of knowledge-based economy (KBE), as a permanent source in all sectors of economy including the agricultural sector has always increased production, competitive advantage, and added value with participation in production flow. Nevertheless, producing within the KBE’s framework and how to enter knowledge into the flow of agricultural productions are some of the most complex issues in the economy. Therefore, considering the importance of KBE and the special attention of policymakers to its realization in upstream documents, the present study tries to discuss the concept of knowledge-based economy in Agricultural productions and about how knowledge affect productions by using past studies and reviewing them with analytical and descriptive methods. The findings provide useful information for better understanding about KBE concept in agricultural productions. Past studies in KBE shows that knowledge as an input and public good derived from successful research influences the production flow through total factor productivity. In other words, in KBE a part of total factor productivity is determined by the knowledge stock derived from research and extension expenditures. This part can be a benchmark to measure extent of knowledge in activities by influencing the production flow. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Agricultural Knowledge Based Economy, agriculture, Production Function, Total Factor Productivity | ||
| مراجع | ||
10. Bashehab, O. S. (2013). Status of Knowledge Based Economy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An Analysis. Journal of Social and Development Sciences, (6), 268-277. 11. Bashir, M. (2013). Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) 2012 Rankings for Islamic Countries and Assessment of KEI Indicators for Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 2 (6), 28-43. 12. Batagan, L. (2007). Indicators for Knowledge Economy. Revista Informatica Economică, 44(4), 3-10. 13. Becker, G. (1964). Human Capital: with special reference to education, u. of Chicago press. 14. Ceptureanu, S., Ceptureanu, E., Tudorache, A., & Zgubea, F. (2012). Knowledge Based Economy Assessment in Romania, Economia. Seria Management, 15(1), 70-87. 15. Chen, C., & Dahlman, J. (2006). The Knowledge Economy, The KAM Methodolgy and World Bank Operations, WBI Working Paper, No.1. 16. Chen, C., & Dahlman, J. (2006). The Knowledge Economy, The KAM Methodolgy and World Bank Operations. 37256: 42. 17. Coe, D. T., and Helpman, E. (1995). International R&D Spillovers, European Economic Review, 39(5), 859-887. 18. Cowen, T., & Tabarrok, A. (2009). Modern Principles of Economics, Southend on Sea, United Kingdom: Worth Publishers. 19. Czapiewski, K., Zbigniew, F., and Krzysztof, J. (2010). Agricultural knowledge and rural economy - analysis on micro and macro scales. Rural Areas and Development, 7(7), 12-22. 20. Dargahi, H., & Ghadiri, A. (2003). Analysis of determinants of Iran's economic growth (review of endogenous growth patterns). Quarterly Journal of Commerce Research, 7(26), 1-33. In Farsi. 21. Daugeliene, R. (2006). Towards Knowledge-Based Economy: Modelling Knowledge Expression Assessment. Institute of Europe. 22. Eid Mohammadzadeh, H., Rezaei, J., Faghih Nasiri, M., & Tavakoli Baghdadabad, M.R. (2010), Evaluation of Knowledge Economy Using Mathematical Planning Model, Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, 10 (36), 135 - 115. In Farsi. 23. Emadzadeh, M., & Shahnazi, R. (2007). Investigating the Foundations and Indicators of Knowledge-Based Economy and Its Position in Selected Countries Compared to Iran. Journal of Economic Research, 7 (4), 33-44. (In Farsi). 24. Emadzadeh, M., Shahnazi, R., & Dehghan Shabani, Z. (2006), Investigating the Realization of Knowledge-Based Economy in Iran, Journal of Economic Research, 6 (2), 103-132. (In Farsi). 25. Evenson, R. E. & Y. Kislev, (1973). Research and Productivity in Wheat and Maize. Journal of Political Economy, 81(1), 1309-1329. 26. Fluginiti, L.E., & Perrin, R.K. (1992). Prices and Productivity in Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics, Journal Paper, No. J-14462. Ames: Iwoa State University. 27. Gorji, E. & Alipourian, M. (2011). The Knowledge Economy & the Knowledge Assessment Methodology (The case study of Iran & Some other Countries). Iranian Economic Review , 16(2), 43-73. 28. Gray, R., Malla, S., & Philips, P. (1999). Gains to yield Increasing Research in the Evolving Canadian Canola Research Industry, International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology Research Conference. Rome Tor Vergata, Italy. 29. Grossman, G. M., & Helpman, E. (1991). Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy, Cambridge, Mass and London: MIT Press. 30. Hassanpour, E., Hosseini, S.S., & Sadeghian, S.Y. (2007). Assessing the effects of sugar beet research on the shift of sugar supply in Iran. Journal of Sugar Beet, 23(1), 92-79. (In Farsi). 31. Henry, G., & Trigo, E.J. (2010). The Knowledge Based Bio-Economy at Work: from Large Scale Experiences to Instruments for Rural and Local Development, Montpellier, France. 32. Hosseini, S.S., & Abyar, N. (2015). Multi-criteria model of prioritization of agricultural research in the agricultural cluster of Iran. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi). 33. Hosseini, S.S., & Hassanpour, E. (2005). Economic Analysis and Evaluation Model of Iranian Agricultural Research: a Case Study of Sugar Beet. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi). 34. Hosseini, S.S., & Hassanpour, E. (2006). Economic Evaluation of Agricultural Research in Iran: Case Study of Sugar Beet. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 37(2), 75-83. (In Farsi). 35. Hosseini, S.S., & Khaledi, M. (2004). Investigating the Economic Impact of Iranian Agricultural Research. Case Study of High Rice Cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35(2), 403-413. (In Farsi). 36. Hosseini, S.S., & Shahbazi, H. (2012). Evaluation of Iranian Agricultural Research. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi) 37. Hosseini, S.S., & Shahbazi, H. (2013). Assessment of R&D Role for Agricultural Supply and Demand Gap Adjustment. Agricultural Economics and Development, 21(84), 177-203. (In Farsi). 38. Hosseini, S.S., & Shahbazi, H. (2014). Determination of Iran's Agricultural Optimal R&D Expenditure. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 45(1), 23-40. (In Farsi). 39. Hosseini, S.S., & Shahbazi, H. (2014). Determination of Iran's Agricultural Optimal R&D Expenditure. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 45(1), 23-40. (In Farsi). 40. Hosseini, S.S., & Shahnavazi, A. (2010). Evaluating economic research and promotion of almond cultivars in Iran. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. In Farsi. 41. Hosseini, S.S., & Shahnavazi, A., Yazdani, S. (2012). Evaluation of Income Redistribution of Investment in Almond Late Flowering Cultivars Developed in Sahand Horticultural Station. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 42-2(4), 493-500. (In Farsi). 42. Hosseini, S.S., Hassanpour, E., & Sadeghian, S.Y. (2006). Rate of Returns to Sugarbeet Breeding Research: Rasoul Cultivar. JWSS, 10 (3), 267-275. (In Farsi). 43. Ibne Afzal, M. (2014). Knowledge-Based Economy (KBE): An investigation of theoretical frameworks and measurement techniques in the South East Asian region, Doctoral thesis. University of Southern Queenland. 44. Jagani, S., Mehrabani, F., & Ghobadi, S. (2013). Comparing the Impact of Knowledge-Based Economics on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Iran and the Countries of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. The first national e-conference on Iran's economic outlook with a view to supporting national production. (In Farsi). 45. Jalaee, S. S., & Samimi, S. (2014). The Role of Knowledge Based Economics in Improving Competitive Advantage with an Entrepreneurial Approach. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3(12a): 12-24. 46. Jones, C. (1995). R&D Based Model of Economic Growth, Journal of Political Economy, 103 (4), 759-784. 47. Judy, N., Behboudi, D., & Mirani, N. (2015). Investigating the Effect of Knowledge-Based Economics on Product Growth in Iran Using Gravitational Search Algorithm and Firefly Algorithm. Journal of Economic Progress Policy, 3 (8), 65-93. (In Farsi). 48. Kalim, R., Aziz Lodhi, S. (2002). The Knowledge-based Economy: Trends and Implications for Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 41(4), 18-29. 49. Koutout, K. (2008). Building a Knowledge Economy Index for Southern Metropolitan Areas. A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University: 489. 50. Krisciunas, K., & Daugeliene, R. (2006). The assessment models of knowledge-based economy penetration, Engineering Economics, 50(5), 36-46. 51. Lucas, R. (1988). On the Mechanics of Economic Development, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42. 52. Mehrabani, F., Ghobadi, P., & Rezaian, A. (2014). Investigating the Effect and Relationship between Knowledge-Based Economy and Total Productivity of Factors of Production; A Case Study of Developed, Emerging and Developing Countries. Iranian Journal of Economic Research Quarterly, 11 (21), 125-160. (In Farsi). 53. Mehrara, M., & Rezaee, A (2014). Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) in Iran and Comparison with other Countries of Region: the Vision 1404 Document. International Journal of Applied Economic Studies, 3(2), 1-7. 54. Mills, E. (2015). The Bioeconomy, Tni And Hands On The Land, European Comission. 55. Nazeman, N., & Eslamifar, E. (2011). Knowledge Based Economy and Sustainable Development. Financial Monetary Economics, 17(33), 184-213. (In Farsi). 56. OECD. (1996). Knowledge Based Economy, OECD, Paris, France. 57. Padel, S., Vaarst, M. & Zaralis, K. (2015). Supporting Innovation in Organic Agriculture: A European Perspective Using Experience from the SOLID Project, Sustainable Agriculture Research, 4 (3), 32-41. 58. Pardey, P.G. (1986). Public Sector Production of Agricultural Knowledge. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 59. Pardey, P.G., & Alston, J.M. (2010). US Agricultural Research on a Global Food Security Setting, A Report of the CSIS Task Force on Food Security. Center for Strategic and International studies. 60. Pardey, P.G., Alston, J.M. & Pigott, R. R. (2006). Agricultural R&D in the Developing World: Too Little, Too Late? Washington D.C. Int. Food Policy Resource Institution. 61. Pardey, P.G., Alston, J.M., & Chan-Kang, C. (2013). Public Agricultural R&D Over the Past Half Century: An Emerging New World Order, Agricultural Economics, 44(1), 103-113. 62. Price, D. D. S. (1961). Science since Babylon, New Haven: Yale University Press. 63. Price, D. D. S. (1963). Little Science, Big Science, New York: Columbia University Press. 64. Romer, P. M. (1986). Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth, Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002-1037. 65. Romer, P. M. (1990a). Endogenous technological change, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 71-102. 66. Romer, P. M. (1990b). Human Capital and Growth: Theory and Evidence Carnegie Rochester, Conference Series on Public Policy, 32 (1), 251-286. 67. Schmookler, J. (1950). The Interpretation of Patent Statistics, Journal of the Patent Office Society, 32 (2), 123-146. 68. Schmookler, J. (1953a). Patent Application Statistics as an Index of Inventive Activity, Journal of the Patent Office Society, 35 (7), 539-550. 69. Schmookler, J. (1953b). The Utility of Patent Statistics, Journal of the Patent Office Society, 34 (6), 407-417. 70. Schmookler, J. (1954), The Level of Inventive Activity, Review of Economics and Statistics, 36 (2), 183-190. 71. Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development: An inquiry in to profits, capital credit, Interest and the business cycle. Cambridge: Harvard Business Press. 72. Smith, A. (1776). An Inquiry into the Nature and the Causes of the Wealth ofNations. In Campbell, R. H., & Skinner, A. S. (Eds.). Indianapolis: Liberty. 73. Solow, R. M. (1956). Technical change and the aggregate production function. 74. Solow, R. M. (1960). Investment and technical progress. In Kenneth, A., Karlin, S., & Suppes, P. (Eds.), Mathematical Methods in the Social Sciences. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 75. Traxler, G. & D. Byerlee. (2001). Linking Technical Change to Research Effort: An Examination and Spillovers Effects, Agricultural Economics, 24(3), 235-246. 76. UNDP. (2001). Human Development Report: Making New Technologies Work for Human Development. Oxford University Press. 77. UNECE. (2002). Toward a Knowledge Based Economy, Country Readiness Asse Report: Concept, Outline, Benchmarking and Indicators. UNECE. New York_Gen Prieiga per internera: http://www.unece.org/ie/enterp/ducuments/coverpagregion.pdf 78. UNESCO. (2001). The State of Sciene and Techonology in the World 1996-1997, Electronic Paper, Canada. 79. White, F. C., and Havlicek, J. Jr. (1982). Optimal Expenditure for Agricultural Research and Extension: Implication of Understanding, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 64(1), 47-55. World Bank. (1999). World Development Report 1998/99: Knowledge for Development, Oxford University Press | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 761 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 555 |
||