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تأثیر سایهاندازی و سطوح مختلف نیتروژن بر رشد و مقدار اسانس گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 22، شماره 1، فروردین 1399، صفحه 103-117 اصل مقاله (1.62 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2019.280170.2206 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احمد گلچین1؛ فائزه فرهمند مفرد2؛ نادر خادم مقدم ایگده لو* 3 | ||
| 1استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| 2دانش آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ابهر، زنجان، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نعناع فلفلی یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی و معطر دنیاست که مقدار اسانس آن از نقطهای به نقطه دیگر در اثر کوددهی، سایهاندازی، آبیاری و دوره نوردهی تغییر میکند. بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف سایهاندازی و نیتروژن بر رشد و عمکلرد اسانس این گیاه، آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال زراعی 94-1393 انجام شد. فاکتور سایهاندازی در چهار سطح (S0: بدون سایهاندازی، S25: 25 درصد ، S50: 50 درصد و S75: 75 درصد سایهاندازی) و فاکتور نیتروژن نیز در چهار سطح (N1: بدون نیتروژن، N2:60، N3:120 و N4: mg/kg 180 نیتروژن) فاکتورهای آزمایش را تشکیل میدادند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد برگ در بوته (936)، سطح برگ (mm2 1688)، شاخص کلروفیل (32/51)، میزان اسانس (455/2 درصد وزنی-وزنی) و عملکرد اسانس (g/box 37/0) در تیمار S25N3 دیده شدند. بیشترین وزن خشک بخش هوایی در تیمار S50N4 بهدست آمد که تیمار S25N3 با اختلاف 36/8 درصد در رتبه دوم قرار گرفت. بیشترین وزن خشک برگ در تیمار S25N3 بهمیزان g/box 55/11 مشاهده گردید. تیمارهای اعمال شده بر ارتفاع گیاه و تعداد شاخه فرعی تأثیر معنیدار نداشتند. لذا جهت نیل به حداکثر درصد و عملکرد اسانس و همچنین تعداد برگ در بوته و سطح برگ بهمنظور بازارپسندی جهت مصارف خوراکی نعناع فلفلی، استفاده از 25 درصد سایهاندازی بههمراه کاربرد mg/kg120 نیتروژن توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اوره؛ سطح برگ؛ کلروفیل؛ نور؛ وزن خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of shadow and different levels of nitrogen on growth and essential oil content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ahmad Golchin1؛ Faezeh Farahmand Mofrad2؛ Nader Khadem Moghadam Igdelou3 | ||
| 1Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 2Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Abhar Azad University, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 3Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Peppermint is an important medicinal and aromatic plant which its oil content varies from one region to another region and as a function of fertilization, shadow, irrigation, and photoperiod. In order to study the effect of different levels of shadow and nitrogen on growth and oil performance of this plant, a factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan during the 2014-2015 cropping season. The experimental factors were, shadow factor in four levels (S0: without shadow, S25: 25%, S50: 50%, and S75: 75% shadow) and nitrogen factor as Urea in four levels (N1: without nitrogen, N2:60, N3:120, and N4:180 mg N/kg). The results showed that the highest number of leaves per plant (936), leaf surface area (1688mm2), chlorophyll index (51.32), essential oil content (2.455%), and essential oil yield (0.37 g/box) were obtained from the S25N3 treatment. The highest shoot dry weight was measured in the S50N4 treatment and the S25N3 treatment with 8.36% difference stood in the second place. The highest leaf dry weight was observed in S25N3 (11.55 g/box). Treatments applied to plant height and numbers of branches were not significantly affected. Therefore, to obtain the highest concentration and performance of essential oil in peppermint, as well as to increase the number of leaves per plant and leaf surface area for marketable and edible consumption, the use of 25% shadow and the application of 120 mg/kg nitrogen are recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chlorophyll, dry weight, Leaf area, Light, Urea | ||
| مراجع | ||
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