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تحلیل فضایی داراییهای معیشتی خانوارهای روستایی (مطالعة موردی: شهرستان بوئینزهرا) | ||
پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 51، شماره 3، مهر 1398، صفحه 693-714 اصل مقاله (1.12 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2019.262783.1007747 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سمیرا حاجی حسینی1؛ سیدحسن مطیعی لنگرودی* 2؛ مجتبی قدیری معصوم2؛ علیرضا دربان آستانه3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
2استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
3استادیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
از فقیرترین و آسیبپذیرترین گروهها در جوامع، بهویژه در جهان سوم، روستاییان هستند که یکی از راههای جلوگیری از افزایش فقر آنان توجه به وضعیت معیشتی آنهاست. معیشت به فعالیتها، داراییها و دسترسیهایی گفته میشود که بهطور مشترک، منابع کسب درآمد فرد یا خانوار روستایی را تعیین میکنند؛ بنابراین سرمایههای معیشتی اساس توانمندی و دخالت روستاییان در سرنوشت فردی و اجتماعی آنها هستند و بدنة معیشت مورد نیاز را شکل میدهند؛ از اینرو پژوهش پیمایشی حاضر با هدف تحلیل توزیع فضایی داراییهای معیشتی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، دادههای مورد نیاز از 532 نفر در 40 روستای شهرستان بوئینزهرا در سال 1397 با استفاده از پرسشنامه گردآوری شد. بهمنظور تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از آمارهای توصیفی (میانگین و فراوانی) و آمار استنباطی (آزمون t تکنمونهای و آزمون تحلیل واریانس) استفاده شد. همچنین ارزیابی و تحلیل داراییها به روش آمار فضایی Gi*(کریجینگ) صورت گرفت. براساس نتایج، داراییهای معیشتی در روستاهای مورد مطالعه در سطح متوسط و پایین قرار دارد. نتایج تجزیة واریانس یکطرفه نیز حاکی از اختلاف معنادار میان دهستانهای شهرستان است؛ برایناساس دهستان زینآباد از نظر داراییها ضعیفترین و دهستان زهرای بالا مطلوبترین منطقه هستند. نتایج تحلیل واریانس داراییها نیز نشاندهندة اختلاف معنادار میان داراییهاست؛ بهطوریکه دارایی اجتماعی مطلوبترین و دارایی انسانی ضعیفترین دارایی در دهستانها هستند. نقشة ارائهشده به روش کریجینگ نشان میدهد بخشهای مرکزی (دهستانهای زهرای بالا، سگزآباد، ابراهیمآباد و قلعة هاشمخان) و شمال شهرستان بوئینزهرا (دهستان دشتابی غربی) از نظر داراییهای معیشتی در وضعیت مطلوبی قرار دارند، اما نواحی جنوب شرق (دهستانهای زهرای پایین) و جنوب غرب (دهستان رامند جنوبی) در وضعیت نامطلوبی هستند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تحلیل فضایی؛ توسعة روستایی؛ داراییهای معیشتی؛ شهرستان بوئینزهرا؛ معیشت پایدار | ||
مراجع | ||
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