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فضای مجازی و پویش های هویت قومی(مورد مطالعه: روشنفکران و فعالین مدنی بلوچ) | ||
| مجله جهانی رسانه - نسخه فارسی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 24، اسفند 1396، صفحه 132-154 اصل مقاله (649.84 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احمد نادری* 1؛ بهروز روستاخیز2 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی گروه انسان شناسی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دوره دکتری انسان‌شناسی دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هویت قومی در جهان امروز، اساساً امری سیال بوده و درک واحدی نسبت به آن وجود ندارد. از سوی دیگر، باوربه ماهیت برساختی هویت، مستلزم تدقیق و تعمق نسبتبه جایگاه افراد یا گروه هایی است که چشم انداز ویژه خود را در این ارتباط توسعه می بخشند. پژوهش حاضر، بر مبنای چنین درکی و با ضرورت فهم بخشی از اندیشه هایی که نسبت به مسئله قومیت و هویت قومی در بلوچستان ایران خاصه در دوران معاصر وجود داشته و دارد، سازمان یافته است. به طور مشخص، سعی نموده تا با تمرکز بر فعالیت های تعدادی از روشنفکران و فعالین مدنی بلوچ، چگونگی بازتعریف مسئلة هویت و بازاندیشی در آن را توسط ایشان که بیشترین فعالیت هاشان بربستر فضایمجازی صورت میگیرد، به پرسش کشیده، به فهم درآوریم. تأملات ما در این پژوهش، باحرکت از نوعی روش شناسی کیفی نشان میدهد که اغلب اعضای جامعة مورد مطالعه با پایگاه های اجتماعی- فرهنگی مشابه و نیز رویکردهای سیاسی اصلاح گرانه، سعیبر صورت بندی مجموعه ای از مواجهه های انتقادی نسب به طیف ها و جریان های مختلف سیاسی و اجتماعی داشته اند؛ برخلاف برخی از گروههای هویت خواه دیگر، این گروه پیش از هر چیز، در پی ارئه نوعی نقد درونی، بر اصلاح ساختار و سازمان اجتماعی جامعة خود بلوچ ها تأکید دارد و پس از آن، نوک پیکان انتقاد خود را به سوی ساختارهای کلان تر حاکمیتی نشانه میرود. در حقیقت، به نظر میرسد ما با نوعی جریان روشنفکری انتقادی رو به رو هستیم که بیشتر فعالیت های آنان بر حول یک هستة محوری می چرخد و آن همان چیزی است که در این پژوهش، تحت عنوان «بازاندیشی در خویشتن بلوچ» مورد بحث قرار گرفته است]1[. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| هویت قومی؛ فعالین مدنی؛ فضای مجازی؛ بازاندیشی؛ بلوچ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Cyberspace and Dynamics of Ethnic Identity (Case Study: Balouch Intellectuals and Civil Activists) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ahmad naderi1؛ Behrouz Roustakhiz2 | ||
| 1, Department of Anthropology, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Ph. D Candidate of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Received: 06/10/2017 Accepted: 25/02/2018 Introduction and problematic of the research: Given the fact that virtual social networks have provided a basis for developing constructed identities and contribute to ethnic or Meta ethnic movements, we decided to launch this qualitative study so to provided better understanding about Balouch civil activists. Balouchs are members of an Iranian noble and populous ethnic group who are engaged in using cyberspace capabilities in order to define and redefine identity elements, to construct new identities and to propound and follow up identity demands. Accordingly, the problematic of this research rests in how Balouchs are using social media to redefine their ethnic identity. Theoretical framework and analytical perspectives: In our view, ethnicity is an issue similar to any other social phenomenon that is constructed in a discursive context (Barth, 1969; Castells, 1997; Anderson, 2006). It brings a person to a kind of self-awareness in order to define "self" against "other" or "others". Here, while we emphasize on the variability of ethnic identities and their formation under the status quo, we believe understanding how ethnic identity Inquiries arise and decline is also an important issue that needs further research. Therefore, it needs to be considered how social activists determine the boundaries of ethnic identity and communicate with other identity levels, including meta-ethnicity, national and international identities. It is also interesting to know what criteria are considered appropriate tools of measuring such tendencies. Methodology: the qualitative research approaches (Creswell, 2007) offer variety of methods. Here we consider our research to fall under the category of "qualitative content analysis" combined with a "case study". Accordingly, the Balouch civil activists in the field of cyberspace activism formed our units of analysis and target society. They conduct continuous reformist and identity-based activities and are constantly producing texts in this regard. We selected some 30 people purposefully from such unit to launch our study. Based on sequential sampling logic, we collected the texts that they have been producing online in order to do further analysis. This means, quotations from Balouch activists in the social networks and during their online conversations, and the notes published by them in the context of this space, formed the analytical unit and our units of observation. Results and Discussion: Some of the results demonstrate that majority of the members of the study group have tried to configure a series of critical discursive encounters with various social and political trends. This is especially true about the groups with the same socio-cultural bases and reformist political approaches. Unlike some other identity groups, Balouchs present some sort of internal critique first, and primarily emphasize on the improvement of the social organization and structure within the Balouch society. Then they turn the critique toward the governance and political macro structure. In fact, it seems we are encountering a kind of critical intellectual trend that most of its activities are based on a central core, i.e., "rethinking about Blouch-self". Our findings indicate that the purpose of the considered activists using the cyberspace capabilities, is not only to change the external and tangible structure of the society, but they believe that in the event of a fundamental shift in closed mentality and world-awareness of Balouch people, they can rule out the governing anti-developmental situation of their society. While the Balouch civil activists provide a flexible and critical image from the past and what is called traditional society, they also underline the future of this society to offer new forms of social opportunities, in which, individual agency is dominant. Furthermore, given the increasing and stable concerns regarding preservation and promotion of the potential of a peaceful coexistence, which ultimately leads to inflorescence of developmental individual creativity and long-term cooperation, the studied activists have done efforts to highlight the importance of the dialogue. In fact, these efforts aim at forming a general area that facilitates free communication processes and interactions between various social groups along with a macro-level governance. Finally and in general, the findings indicate that most of the members of the considered society that exploit a series of discursive-linguistic capabilities, are looking for constructing a new identity that, from their point of view, will create a new spirit within the body of the Balouchistan society. This happens in order to develop a new plan for a province with a cultural and social diversity. Therefore, it has been attempted to present a picture in which people who are neither ethnic-centered nor antagonist, but are converging citizens, as they tend respect each other's cultural diversity, and help each other towards perusing a excellence-oriented and emancipating development plan | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Identity Discourses, Ethnic Identity, Balouch Ethnic Group, Balouchestan Area | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 811 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 645 |
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