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کارایی مدل WEPP در برآورد رواناب و هدررفت خاک در مراتع سنگریزه ای حوضه خامسان کردستان | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 10، دوره 48، شماره 5، بهمن 1396، صفحه 1031-1042 اصل مقاله (939.55 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.212045.667504 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ناصر خالق پناه1؛ حسین اسدی* 2؛ مهدی شرفا1؛ منوچهر گرجی1؛ مسعود داوری3 | ||
1دانشگاه تهران | ||
2عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم خاک داشگاه تهران | ||
3دانشگاه کردستان | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف از این تحقیق بررسی کارایی مدل WEPP در برآورد رواناب و رسوب ناشی از رخدادهای طبیعی در سطح کرت در مراتع حوضه خامسان کردستان بود. رواناب و رسوب حاصل از رخدادهای منجر به رواناب در طول سالهای 1389 تا 1392 در 18 کرت با ابعاد 24 متر طول و 8/1 متر عرض اندازهگیری شد (6 دامنه- سه کرت در هر دامنه). همزمان دادههای ورودی مورد نیاز مدل از جمله ویژگیهای خاک، پوشش گیاهی و پوشش زمین در طول این مدت بررسی گردید. در این مدت، تعداد 24 رخداد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بعد از واسنجی مدل WEPP بر اساس قسمت تک رخداد با 8 رخداد، اعتبارسنجی مدل با 16 رخداد باقیمانده صورت گرفت. مدل توانست به میزان قابل قبولی رواناب و هدررفت خاک ناشی از رخدادهای طبیعی را در دامنههای مرتعی دارای مقادیر قابل توجهی جزء سنگی پیشبینی نموده و برآوردهای هدررفت خاک تا حدودی بهتر از رواناب بود. بهطور کلی، کارایی مدل در دامنههای با مقادیر جزء سنگی (بهویژه پوشش سنگی) و درصد آهک بالاتر، کمتر از دامنههای دیگر بود. به نظر میرسد علاوه بر ویژگیهای دامنههای مورد بررسی، تغییرات شدت بارندگی در طول هر رخداد نیز تأثیر بهسزایی بر تولید رواناب و رسوب و تخمینهای مدل داشت. در مدل WEPP برای تک رخداد، صرفاً بخشی از ویژگیهای یک بارندگی به مدل وارد شده و تغییرات در طول یک بارندگی که ممکن است تأثیر بهسزایی بر مقدار رواناب و رسوب داشته باشد در نظر گرفته نشده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اعتبارسنجی مدل؛ تک رخداد؛ جزء سنگی؛ کرت؛ هدررفت خاک | ||
مراجع | ||
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