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اثر کاربرد جلبک سبز اسپیرولینا و زمان خواباندن بر شکلهای شیمیایی کادمیم در یک خاک آهکی | ||
| نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 70، شماره 3، آذر 1396، صفحه 643-657 اصل مقاله (606.92 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2017.214476.1235 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لیلا زارع1؛ صدیقه صفرزاده شیرازی* 2؛ شهرزاد کرمی1 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری بخش علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 2استادیار بخش مهندسی علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کادمیم یکی از مهمترین عناصر سنگین در خاک است که به لحاظ زیست محیطی و سلامتی انسان حائز اهمیت است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر کاربرد جلبک سبز اسپیرولینا و زمان خواباندن بر شکلهای شیمیایی کادمیم در یک خاک آهکی بود. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل (2×3×3) و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد استفاده در این آزمایش شامل جلبک سبز اسپیرولینا در سه سطح (0، 500 و 1000 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم خاک)، کادمیم در سه سطح (5، 20 و 40 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم خاک از منبع سولفات کادمیم CaSO4.6H2O) و زمان خواباندن (1 و 2 ماه) بود. نتایج نشان داد که در ماه اول، کاربرد جلبک به میزان 500 و 1000 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم خاک در تمامی سطوح کادمیم، شکل تبادلی کادمیم را کاهش و شکلهای آلی، کربناتی و متصل به اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز را افزایش داد. با گذشت زمان در ماه دوم، به علت تجزیۀ جلبک، از شکل آلی کادمیم کاسته شد و شکل محلول کادمیم (تبادلی) روند افزایشی داشت. بنابراین میتوان گفت هر چند کاربرد جلبک اسپیرولینا در ابتدا سبب کاهش زیست فراهمی و افزایش شکلهای آلی و کم محلولتر فلزات میگردد اما با گذشت زمان، افزایش زیست فراهمی فلز و در نتیجه افزایش قابلیت استفاده بهوسیلۀ گیاهان را بهدنبال خواهد داشت. لذا قبل از کاربرد جلبک به عنوان یک کود آلی، استفاده از آن در خاکهای آلوده با فلز کادمیم باید با احتیاط صورت گیرد. پیشنهاد میشود که در مورد اسپرولینا تحقیقات بیشتری بر روی خاکهای مختلف و در زمانهای طولانیتر خوابانیدن صورت گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کادمیم؛ اسپیرولینا؛ شکلهای شیمیایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Spirulina green algae and incubation time on cadmium chemical forms in a calcareous soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Leila Zare1؛ Sedigheh Safarzadeh Shirazi2؛ Shahrzad Karami1 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. | ||
| 2Ph.D. assistant professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Cadmium is one of the most important heavy metals in soil that it is important in terms of environmental and human health. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Spirulina algae and incubation time on chemical forms of cadmium in a calcareous soil. The experiment was conducted in a factorial (2 × 3 × 3) arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three Spirulina levels (0, 500 and 1000 mg kg-1 soil), cadmium levels (5, 20 and 40 mg kg-1 soil as cadmium sulfate (CaSO4.6H2O) and incubation times (1 and 2 months). Results showed that addition of 500 and 1000 mg Spirulina kg-1 soil in all of the cadmium levels in the first month decreased exchangeable fraction and increased the organic and carbonate fraction and cadmium that bound to iron and manganese oxides. Over the incubation time (in the second month), due to decomposition of algae, the organic fraction of cadmium decreased and soluble fraction of cadmium increased. In general, at first application of Spirulina decrease the bioavailability of metals and increase the organic and less soluble fraction of them, but over the time, it can increase the bioavailability of metal and therefore might be increase the uptake of Cd for plants. Therefore before application of Spirulina as an organic fertilizer, in cadmium polluted soils, it should be applied with caution. Further investigation using Spirulina at more incubation time and on a larger number of soils is recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cadmium, Spirulina, fractionation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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