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مدلهای غالبیت تنوع به عنوان شاخصی از آشفتگی در جنگلهای بلوط غرب ایران (Quercus brantii Lindl.) | ||
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
مقاله 17، دوره 70، شماره 2، مرداد 1396، صفحه 453-465 اصل مقاله (782.37 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2017.42580.616 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حمید رضا میرداودی* 1؛ محمد رضا مروی مهاجر2؛ قوام الدین زاهدی امیری3؛ وحید اعتماد3 | ||
1استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی | ||
2استاد گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابعطبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
3دانشیار گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابعطبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
ترکیب و تنوع گونهای جوامع گیاهی در طول زمان با تغییر شرایط محیطی در اثر آشفتگیهای انسانی یا طبیعی، تغییر میکند. بنابراین اندازهگیری تنوع گونهای میتواند در تجزیه و تحلیل آشفتگی و مدیریت بوم سازگان مفید باشد. لذا در این تحقیق تأثیر عوامل آشفتگی شامل "چرای دام" و "آتشسوزی" بر پوشش گیاهی جنگلهای دانه زاد بلوط پارک دالاب، در استان ایلام، در مقایسه با مناطق کمتر دست خورده، بررسی گردید. اطلاعات مربوط به پوشش گیاهی، خاک و سایر متغییرهای محیطی در آشفتگیهای مختلف در قالب 77 قطعه نمونۀ مستطیلی شکل به مساحت 256 متر مربع و به صورت تصادفی برداشت شد. برای ارزیابی تنوع گونهای از مدلهای غالبیت تنوع استفاده گردید. نتایج رستهبندی تحلیل تطبیقی متعارفی نشان داد که طبقات آشفتگی "چرای دام" و "آتشسوزی" در کنار عوامل خاکی و توپوگرافی به عنوان تأثیر گذارترین عوامل بر ترکیب گیاهی شناخته شدند. نتایج حاصل از الگوهای فراوانی گونههای گیاهی نشان داد که طبقات آشفتگی چرای بیرویه دام در ابتدا با مدل هندسی تطابق یافته است به طوری که یک حرکت از این مدل به سمت لوگ نرمال مشاهده میشود و این فرض را که جوامع تحت تأثیر آشفتگی، یک تغییر از وضعیتی با تخریب کمتر به سوی شرایطی با تخریب بیشتر که تحت تأثیر آشفتگیهای شدید طبیعی و انسانی به وجود آمده را حمایت میکند. تطابق طبقۀ آشفتگی آتشسوزی با سری لگاریتمی نیز بیانکنندۀ نابالغ بودن این جوامع است که این موضوع با توجه به شروع توالی ثانویه در این قسمت، منطقی بوده و این فرضیه را تأیید مینماید. در صورتی که رویشگاه فاقد آشفتگی فقط با مدل لوگ نرمال تطابق داشت. این مدل نشانگر جوامع بالغ با غنا و تنوع گونهای بالا میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آتشسوزی؛ تنوع گونهای؛ چرای دام؛ رسته بندی؛ زاگرس | ||
مراجع | ||
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