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اثر ورمیکمپوست و Glomus versiform بر کنترل قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici در گیاه گوجهفرنگی | ||
کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 6، شماره 2، مهر 1396، صفحه 127-138 اصل مقاله (742.18 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2017.219430.176 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فرناز فکرت* 1؛ ذبیح الله اعظمی ساردویی2؛ الهام ملایی مقبلی3؛ اسحاق مقبلی هنزایی4 | ||
1مربی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت | ||
2استادیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت | ||
3دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، دانشکده، کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز | ||
4دانشجوی دکتری علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
چکیده | ||
این مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی اثر ورمیکمپوست و قارچ میکوریز Glomus versiform جهت کنترل Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici در گیاه گوجهفرنگی انجام شد. بذور گوجهفرنگی در بسترهای حاوی: خاک استریل (شاهد)، قارچ G. Versiform(G)، ورمیکمپوست (V)، ترکیب Glomus + ورمیکمپوست (V+G) در جعبه نشا کشت شدند. پنج هفته بعد ریشههای گیاه در سوسپانسیون اسپور قارچ F. oxysporum و آب، تیمار و به گلدان منتقل شدند. در پایان آزمایش، نشانههای بیماریزایی، شاخصهای رشدی، بهبود جذب عناصر ماکرو، میزان کلروفیل برگها و درصد کلنیزه شدن ریشهها ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از ترکیب (V+G) مؤثرتر از کاربرد هرکدام بهتنهایی بود. تیمار گیاهان آلوده به پاتوژن با ترکیب مذکور وقوع زردی برگها را بهطور معنیداری تا ۳/۱۷ درصد کاهش داد و در مقابل تیمار شاهد آلوده ۶/۶۸ درصد ارزیابی شد. همچنین با توجه به نتایج کلنیزه شدن ریشهها توسط قارچ G. versiform، تیمار V+G+F- با افزایش ۲۳ درصدی بهبود یافت. در حالت آلودگی با قارچ F. oxysporum کمترین مقدار کلروفیل در تیمار شاهد ۱۲ (عدد SPAD) تخمین زده شد درحالیکه در تیمار V+G به مقدار ۳۰ افزایش یافت. همچنین بیشترین میزان جذب عناصر N، P، K در تیمار گیاه با V+G حاصل شد. بر اساس یافتههای این مطالعه، کاربرد (V+G) در کنترل بیماری فوزاریومی گوجهفرنگی علاوه بر بهبود رشد و سلامت گیاه، در کنترل بیمارگر مذکور قابل توصیه میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
قارچهای میکوریز؛ کودهای آلی؛ فوزاریوم؛ کنترل | ||
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