پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,764 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,152,757 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,911,098 |
تحصیل‌زدگی و دستمزدها در بازار کار: شواهدی از داده‌های فردی ایران | ||
| فصلنامه تحقیقات اقتصادی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 52، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 119، تیر 1396، صفحه 345-368 اصل مقاله (3.89 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jte.2017.61857 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| غلامرضا کشاورز* 1؛ محمد امین جواهری2 | ||
| 1دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه شریف | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه آدم اسمیت | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در سال‌های اخیر، عرضه‌ی نیروی کار تحصیل‌کرده به بازار کار ایران افزایش چشمگیری یافته و این تحول سبب بروز مازاد تحصیلات شده است. عبارت مازاد تحصیلات به این مفهوم است که فرد، دارای تحصیلاتی بیشتر از آن مقداری است که شغل وی به آن نیاز دارد. در این پژوهش میزان شیوع و اثر این پدیده بر دستمزد نیروی کار در ایران بررسی می‌شود. تعداد سال‌های تحصیل موردنیاز برای انجام هر شغل، با استفاده از معیار تطبیق تحقق یافته، تعیین‌شده و افراد در سه گروه دارای تحصیلات متناسب، دارای مازاد تحصیلات و دارای کسری تحصیلات، طبقه‌بندی می‌شوند. سال‌های تحصیل بیشتر، تجربه‌ی کاری کمتر، مرد بودن و اشتغال در بخش خصوصی، منجر به افزایش احتمال دارای مازاد تحصیلات بودن می‌شوند. اثر دستمزدی رابطه‌ی بین تحصیلات و شغل افراد، با استفاده از روش دانکن و هافمن بررسی می‌شود. نتایج حاصل از روش دانکن و هافمن، حاکی از وجود رابطه‌ی مستقیم و معنادار میان سال‌های تحصیل متناسب برای انجام هر شغل و دریافتی ماهیانه افراد است؛ درحالی‌که بازدهی سال‌های مازاد و کسری تحصیلات، معنادار نیست. طبقه‌بندی JEL: I21 ,J24 | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سال‌های تحصیل؛ عدم تطبیق؛ مازاد تحصیلات؛ دریافتی؛ معادله‌ی دستمزد مینسر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Over-Education and Wages in the Labour Market: Evidence from Iran's Micro-Data | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| gholamreza keshavarz1؛ Mohammadamin Javaheri2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Graduate School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology | ||
| 2Postgraduate student at Adam Smith Business School- University of Glasgow, Berlin School of Economics and Law The University of Glasgow United Kingdom | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Over the recent past years the supply of educated labor has increased in the Iranian labor market. This change has led to over-education. The concepts of over-education refers to the individual possesses a level of education that is above the required level of education to perform a certain job. This study has dealt with the incidence of Over-education and its wage consequences in the labor market of Iran. The years of education needed for each job has been determined using two criteria, i.e., realized match and job analysis. Based on these two criteria, individuals have been classified in three groups including adequately educated, over-educated and under-educated. More years of schooling, less job experience, being male and employment in private sector lead to higher probability of being overeducated. The wage effect of the relationship between education and the individual’s job is studied using Duncan & Hoffman model. The findings of this model based on realized match criterion show that there is a direct and significant relationship between the years of education which is adequate for each job and monthly salary of the individuals. However, the return of years of over-education and under-education is insignificant. JEL Classification: J24, I21. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Years of Schooling, Miss-match, Over-education, earnings, Mincer Wage Equation | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Alba-Ramirez, A. (1993). Mismatch in the Spanish labor market: over -education? The Journal of Human Resources, 27, 259–78. Assaad, R., and Roudi-Fahimi, F. (2007). Youth in the Middle East and North Africa: Demographic opportunity or challenge? Washington, DC: Population Reference Bureau. Bauer, T. (2002) “Educational Mismatch and Wages: A Panel Analysis.” Economics of Education Review, 21, 221–229. Becker, G. S. (2009). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press. Card, D. (1999). The causal effect of education on earnings. Handbook of labor Economics, 3, 1801-1863. Chevalier, A. , & Lindley, J. (2009) “Over-education and the skills of UK graduates”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 172, 307-337. Clark, N. (2013). Education in Egypt. World Education News and Reviews. Di Pietro, G., & Urwin, P. (2006) “Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market”, Applied Economics, 38:1, 79-93 Dolton, P., & Vignoles, A. (2000). The incidence and effects of Over-education in the UK graduate labour market. Economics of Education Review, 19, 179–198. Duncan, G. J. , &Hoffman, S. (1981). The incidence and wage effects of over-education, Economics of Education Review, 1, 75–86. Freeman, R. B. (1976). The overeducated American. New York: Academic Press. Groot, W., & Brink, M. V. D. (1997). Allocation and the returns to over-education in the UK. Education Economics, 5(2). 169-183. Hartog, J. (2000). Over-education and earnings: where are we, where should we go? Economics of Education Review. 19, 131–147. Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251-1271. Leuven, E., & Oosterbeek, H. (2011). Over-education and mismatch in the labor market. Handbook of the Economics of Education, 4, 283-326. Levels, M., van der Velden, R., & Allen, J. (2013). Educational mismatches and skills: new empirical tests of old hypotheses. Mavromaras, K., McGuinness, S., O'Leary, N., Sloane, P. and Wei, Z. (2013). Job Mismatches and Labour Market Outcomes: Panel Evidence on University Graduates.Economic Record, 89, 382–395. McGoldrick, K., & Robst, J. (1996). Gender differences in Over-education: a test of the theory of differential overqualification. The American Economic Review, 280-284. McGuinness, S. (2006). Over-education in the labour market. Journal of Economic Surveys, 2(3), 387-418. Mincer, J. A. (1974). Schooling and earnings. In Schooling, experience, and earnings (pp. 41-63). Columbia University Press. Rumberger, R. W. (1987). The Impact of Surplus Schooling on Productivity and Earnings. Journal of Human resources, 22(1). Sicherman N., & Galor O., (1990). A Theory of Career Mobility. Journal of Political Economy, 98(1), 169-192. Spence, M. (1973). Job market signaling. The quarterly journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-374. Thurow, L. C. (1975). Generating Inequality. New York, NY: Basic Books. Tsang, M. (1987). The impact of underutilization of education of productivity: a case study of the U.S. Bell companies. Economics of Education Review, 11, 239–234. Tsang, M., & Levin, H. (1985). Economics of Education Review, 4(2), 93-104. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,355 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,047 |
||