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تأثیر اسکان عشایر بر میزان مشارکت زنان در تأمین درآمد خانوار (مطالعۀ موردی: زنان عشایر سیستانی) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 49، شماره 4، دی 1396، صفحه 791-805 اصل مقاله (765.54 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2016.57485 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرامرز بریمانی* 1؛ غریب فاضل نیا2؛ زهرا صیادی3 | ||
| 1استاد جغرافیای روستایی دانشگاه مازندران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه زابل | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زنان عشایر همواره در فعالیت‌های روزمره نقش شایانتوجهی داشته‌اند، اما با اجرای سیاست اسکان و دگرگونی زندگی عشایر کوچنده، و به‌دنبال آن نقش و کارکرد زنان عشایر نیر تغییر و تحول کرده است. آنچه در عمل اتفاق می‌افتد، فروپاشی از یک‌سو و اسکان خودجوش و هدایت‌شده از سوی دیگر است. در این روند، به‌طورکلی نه‌تنها وضعیت کوچندگان، بلکه نقش زنان عشایری به‌طور خاص، بهدلیل ماهیت زندگی‌شان وخیم‌تر شده است و نقش زنان در تأمین معاش خانواده نیز به‌شدت کاهش مییابد. این تحقیق از نوع توسعه‌ای-کاربردی است. جامعۀ آماری، شامل پنج سامانۀ اسکان‌یافته شهرستان زابل واقع در سیستان با 250 خانوار است. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران از طریق نمونه‌گیری تصادفی، همسران 141 سرپرست خانوار انتخاب شد، که بهدلیل دوری سامانه‌ها از هم و مشکلات ناشی از دسترسی به آن‌ها از 124 زن پرسش شده است. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها دو پرسشنامه طراحی شد. پرسشنامۀ اول توسط زنان عشایر و پرسشنامۀ دوم توسط خبرگان محلی پر شده است.با توجه به بررسی تطبیقی از دو مقطع قبل و بعد اسکان، وضعیت عمومی عشایر اسکان‌یافته نامناسب است و نقش زنان عشایر در تولید فرآورده‌های لبنی و صنایع‌دستی پس از اسکان تضعیف و درآمد خانوار نیز کاهش یافته است. بهعبارتی بین تضعیف نقش تولیدی زنان و درآمد خانوار، رابطۀ معنی‌داری وجود دارد. براساس یافته‌ها می‌توان گفت که سیاست اسکان عشایر در سامانه‌های مورد مطالعه موفقیت‌آمیز نبوده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسکان؛ درآمد خانوار؛ زنان؛ سیستان؛ عشایر؛ مشارکت | ||
| مراجع | ||
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