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ردیابی ژن‌های hcnAB و phlD در سودومونادهای فلورسنت با توان مهار زیستیFusarium graminearum و بررسی توانایی آن‌ها در کلنیزاسیون اکتوریزوسفر گندم | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 4، شماره 2، مهر 1394، صفحه 143-155 اصل مقاله (793.32 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2015.57175 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حدیث شهبازی1؛ کیوان بهبودی* 2؛ محمد جوان نیکخواه3؛ مسعود احمدزاده3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدة علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدة علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 3استاد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدة علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| توانایی کنترل بیولوژیکی سودومونادهای فلورسنت از رقابت بر سر فضا و مواد غذایی، آنتی‌بیوز و کلنیزاسیون ریزوسفر ناشی می‌شود. در این مطالعه، توانایی بیوکنترلی 39 سویةPseudomonas fluorescens در برابر قارچ Fusarium graminearum عامل بلایت خوشة گندم در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی شد. بازدارندگی از رشد F. graminearum با استفاده از آزمون کشت متقابل، اثر ضد قارچی ترکیبات فرّار و غیرفرّار تولید‌شده توسط سویه‌ها ارزیابی شد. در تمام این آزمایش‌ها چهار سویة I P13، UTPf127، UTPf125 وUTPf105 در کنترل بیمارگر موفق‌تر بودند. در نتیجه، این سویه‌ها از نظر وجود ژن‌های hcnAB و phlD و توانایی کلنیزاسیون اکتوریزوسفر گندم در شرایط گلخانه‌ای بررسی شدند. ژن hcnABدر تمام سویه‌ها ردیابی شد؛ در حالی که، ژن phlD در تمام باکتری‌ها به جز P13 مشاهده شد. جمعیت باکتری‌ها در اکتوریزوسفر گندم در سه دورة چهارده روزه توسط سری رقت روی محیط کشت KB+++ تعیین شدند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تفاوت معنی‌داری میان سویه‌های مختلف در کلنیزاسیون اکتوریزوسفر در روزهای مختلف وجود دارد و با گذشت زمان جمعیت باکتری‌ها در ریزوسفر کاهش می‌یابد. سویه‌های P13 وUTPf125 در روز 42ام قابل ردیابی نبودند، در حالی که، در روز 28ام جمعیت آن‌ها بیش از 104×8/1 سلول در گرم وزن تر ریشه ردیابی شده بود. باکتری UTPf127 با جمعیت 104 × 1/1 سلول در گرم وزن تر ریشه در روز 42ام بیشترین میزان کلنیزاسیون و پایداری در ریزوسفر را نشان داد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنتی‌بیوتیک؛ ریزوسفر؛ سیانید هیدروژن؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Detection of hcnAB and phlD genes in fluorescent pseudomonads biological control agent of Fusarium graminearum and studying their ability to ectorhizosphere colonization of wheat | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hadis Shahbazi1؛ Keivan Behboudi2؛ Mohammad Javan Nikkhah3؛ Masoud Ahmadzadeh3 | ||
| 1PhD Candidate, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj | ||
| 2Associate professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The biological control ability of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. results from competition for space and untrient, antibiosis and colonization in the rhizosphere. Biocontrol fluorescent pseudomonads produce a wide variety of antibiotics. In this study, the biocontrol ability of 39 strains of biocontrol Pseudomonas fluorescens, was examined against Fusarium graminearum the causal agent of wheat Fusarium Head Blight in vitro. Growth inhibition of F. graminearum was examined by a dual culture test and the antifungal activity of bacterial volatile and nonvolatile metabolites. In all experiments, four strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens P13, UTPf127, UTPf125 and UTPf105 were the most effective in controlling the pathogen. These strains were evaluated for screening the phlD and hcnAB genes and their ability to colonize ectorhizosphere of wheat under greenhouse conditions in 14, 28 and 42 days after planting. hcnAB gene was detected in all strains while phlD was detected in all bacteria except for P13. Wheat seeds were inoculated with the same concentration (108 cfu/ml) of each strains and sterile distilled water as a control and bacterial populations were enumerated on selective KB+++ medium. The results showed that there are significant differences among strains in different days. Bacterial population colonizing the ectorhizosphere was decreased by the time. P13 and UTPf125 strains couldn’t be detected in 42nd day, on the other hand, they could be detected in 28th days more than 1.8×104 Cfu/g (fresh weight of root). UTPf127 population remained in ectorhizosphere at 1.1×104 CFU/g (fresh weight of root) in 48th day. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antibiotic, biological control, hydrogen cyanide, rhizosphere | ||
| مراجع | ||
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