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اثرات تنش شوری بر وزن خشک و غلظت عناصر غذایی پرمصرف دو رقم زیتون | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 18، شماره 2، شهریور 1395، صفحه 359-371 اصل مقاله (853.89 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2016.56574 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن سیلسپور* 1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ محمود رضا روزبان3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان – ایران | ||
| 2استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان - ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه باغبانی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت - ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور ارزیابی اثرات شوری بر رشد و غلظت عناصر غذایی پرمصرف در دو رقم زیتون، آزمایشی گلخانهای با پنج سطح شوری در بستر کشت بدون خاک انجام شد. در این آزمایش، نهالهای یکساله ارقام زیتون زرد و میشن، به مدت 5 ماه تحت 5 سطح شوری صفر، 4، 8، 12 و 16دسیزیمنس بر متر ناشی از کلرور سدیم قرار گرفتند. تیمار شوری 16 دسیزیمنس بر متر، وزن خشک کل ارقام میشن و زرد را به ترتیب 63 و 85 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش داد. کاهش 25 درصدی عملکرد نسبی وزن خشک کل در رقم میشن و زرد به ترتیب در شوریهای 7 و 6/3 دسیزیمنس بر متر اتفاق افتاد. شوری باعث کاهش معنیداری در غلظت عناصر پر مصرف و افزایش معنیدار غلظت سدیم و کلر در ریشه و برگ هر دو رقم شد. شوری 16 دسیزیمنس بر متر، غلظت سدیم در برگ و ریشه را به ترتیب 1660و 679 درصد، و غلظت کلر در برگ و ریشه را به ترتیب 1069 و 506 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. در کلیه سطوح شوری، غلظت سدیم و کلر در برگهای رقم زرد به طور معنیداری بیشتر از رقم میشن بود. این نتایج نشان میدهد که رقم میشن به واسطه استفاده از سازوکار تدافعی ایجاد محدودیت در جذب و انتقال سدیم به بخشهای هوایی و نیز حفظ سطح مناسبی از پتاسیم در برگ، از تحمل به شوری بالاتری در مقایسه با رقم زرد برخوردار است و میتوان از آن به عنوان یک رقم متحمل یاد کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برگ؛ تحمل به شوری؛ ریشه؛ زیتون؛ عناصر غذایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Salinity Stress on Dry Weight and Macronutrients Contents of two Olive Varieties | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohsen Seilsepour1؛ Ahmad Golchin2؛ Mahmoud Reza Roozban3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student of Soil Fertility and Chemistry, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of salinity stress on growth and macroelements contents of two olive varieties in soilless culture medium. In the research, one-year old saplings of two olive varieties, ‘Zard’ and ‘Mission’, were subjected to different salinity levels induced by NaCl including 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 dS/m-1 for 5 months. Based on the results, total dry weights of the varieties were decreased at 16 dSm-1 compared to control up to 63 and 85% at ‘Mission’ and ‘Zard’, respectively. Also, a 25% reduction in total dry weight was observed under salinities of 7 and 3.6 dSm-1 for ‘Mission’ and ‘Zard’, respectively. Salinity was decreased the concentrations of macronutrients and increased the concentrations of Na and Cl in roots and leveas of the both varieties. Compared to control, Na and Cl concentrations in leaves and roots was increased under salinity of 16 dS/m-1 at 1660 and 679% for Na and 1069 and 506% for Cl. In all salinity levels, Na and Cl concentrations in the leaves and roots of 'Zard' variety were more than that of 'Mission'. Thesa data demonstrated that ‘Mission’ has a more salinity tolerance than ‘Zard’, and could be used as a salt-tolerant variety for cultivation under salinity conditions. The defence mechanisms of ‘Mission’ are restricting in absorbtion and translocation of Na to aerial parts and accumulate a proper concentration of K in Leaves. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Salt tolerance, Macronutrients, root, shoot, olive | ||
| مراجع | ||
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