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اندازه گیری و بررسی شرایط نور روز در خانه های قدیمی کرمان* | ||
| نشریه هنرهای زیبا: معماری و شهرسازی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 18، شماره 2، تیر 1392، صفحه 17-26 اصل مقاله (3.72 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jfaup.2013.50523 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مرضیه کاظم زاده1؛ منصوره طاهباز* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| چکیده نور طبیعی تاثیر بسزایی روی سلامت انسانها دارد. براساس پژوهشهای صورت گرفته در مورد خانههای قدیمی ایران، مشخص گردید که در ایران نورگیرهای متنوعی برای تامین روشنایی طبیعی در داخل ساختمانها وجود دارد و این سوال را مطرح می کند که آیا تنوع موجود در نوع نورگیرهای فضاهای داخلی خانههای سنتی موجب استفاده بهتر از شرایط روشنایی و گرمایی در داخل این فضاها شده است؟ به منظور یافتن پاسخ این سئوال، شرایط نورپردازی و شرایط گرمایی فضاهای اصلی زندگی در یکی از خانههای سنتی شهر کرمان، شامل اتاقی با نورگیر سقفی و اتاقهایی دارای در-پنجره (دو دری و پنج دری) مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد. در این بررسی، اندازهگیری های میدانی و شبیهسازی شده تحت شرایط آسمانی صاف و آفتابی است و میزان روشنایی اتاقها توسط دستگاه نورسنج و شبیهسازیها به کمک نرمافزار اکوتکت (با پشتیبانی محاسباتی ریدینس) انجام شده است و در نهایت نحوه توزیع و میزان روشنایی و حرارت فضاهای فوق با هم مقایسه و تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشاندهنده تاثیر تنوع نورگیری فضا بر میزان گرما و روشنایی آن میباشد که تحت تاثیر موقعیت محل، چگونگی ارتباط با فضای پیرامون و نوع عملکرد آن قرار میگیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| واژه های کلیدی کلاه فرنگی؛ معماری سنتی؛ نور روز؛ نورگیر سقفی؛ پنجره؛ بهینه سازی مصرف انرژی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Measurement and analyzing daylight condition in traditional Kerman houses(Aminian house)* | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Marzieh Kazemzadeh1؛ Mansoureh Tahbaz2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate in Architecture , Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract Natural light has a great effect on the health of human beings. Studies on Iranian old houses show that various apertures were used to provide natural light in the interior spaces of the buildings. In the present research attempt has been made to measure the extent to which some of the lightening methods of Iranian traditional architecture have been successful in the provision of interior lightening with respect to the various experiences of Iranian architecture on the provision of interior lightening. Therefore the following research question is formulated: Does the variety of apertures in traditional houses lead to better use of lighting and heating sources in the interior spaces?To answer the question in this article a sample of such houses in Kerman has been chosen, simulated and the amounts of daylight level measurements of selected rooms has been studied. The house has several rooms, one of them with skylight roof (kolah farangy) and the others with door-windows into the yard (seh dari and panj dari). Monitoring has been under the clear sky. The value of the illuminance of the rooms has been measured by photometer and simulators with the aid of Ecotect software (by radiance calculation support). Finally light distribution method, the value of illuminance and heat of the said spaces have been compared and the results were analyzed. The results have shown that the average and the least illuminance values of the room to the west are 154.92 lux and 75.7 lux , the room facing south 4.3 k lux and 157 lux and the room with skylight 266.92 lux and 200 lux respectively. The results from simulators also indicate that 76 % of the area of the rooms facing south needs ancillary light during a year. Only 26 % of the area of the room has appropriate light. It is mainly around midday. Therefore it is suitable for resting and general affairs. 48 % of the area of the room facing west has appropriate light all over a year. 45 % of the area of the room at some hours particularly in the morning and sometimes at noon needs ancillary light during a year. Glare happens at 7 % of the area of the room beside window particularly in the afternoon. There is little even lightening in this room. It is suitable to do general and visual activities only for a short time. 83% of the room with skylight has appropriate light all over a year. Only 7% of the room needs ancillary light during a year. Glare is likely to happen for nearly 1 % in this room. The amount of the light evenness is very high. It is completely suitable to do general and visual activities in it. Generally speaking the study of an Iranian traditional house has shown that the variety of apertures in traditional houses has positive effects on the amount of cooling and lighting. It has also been affected by the site location, the building relationship with outer space and its performance | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keyword: Kolahfarangi, Traditional architecture, Daylight, Skylight, Door-Window, Energy Efficiency | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آرشیو سازمان میراث فرهنگی کرمان(1372)، پروژه مرمت خانه احمد امینیان، سازمان میراث فرهنگی شهر کرمان.
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Ochoa, C. E. ,Capelute, I.G.(2006), Evaluating visual comfort and performance of three natural lighting systems for deep office buildings in highly luminous climates, Journal of Building & Environment,41, 1128-1135.
Safaii, B., KhalajiAsadi, M., Taghzadeh, H., Jilavi, A., Taleghani ,G., Danesh ,M. (2005), Estimating Solar Energy Potential in Iran and Related Radiation, Atlas. J. Nuclear Sci. Tech.33, 27–34.
The Society of Light and Lighting(2009), The SLL lighting Handbook, CISBSE.
Tahbaz, Mansoureh, Moosavi, Fatemeh(2009), Daylighting Mehtods in Iranian Traditional Architecture (Green Lighting), International Conference, EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland , 273-278.
Tahbaz, Mansoureh, Moosavi, Fatemeh and Djalilian, Shahrbanoo(2011), Assessment Of Iranian Traditional Door-WindowsA Proposal To Improve Daylighting System In Classrooms, International Conference, EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland , 479-484.
http://marpiich.com/ArchitectDetails.aspx kerman Climate.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/kerman#Climate | ||
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