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تحلیل تأثیر تغییرات کاربری اراضی بر تشدید جزایر گرمایی شهری در استان گیلان | ||
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
دوره 78، شماره 1، خرداد 1404، صفحه 109-123 اصل مقاله (1.41 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2025.393408.2796 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سید محمود هاشمی* ؛ سیده معصومه طاهرزاده کوزانی | ||
گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعهسرا، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
رشد جمعیت و توسعة شهری منجر به تغییرات ساختاری و کارکردی چشمگیری در کاربری اراضی شده است که این تغییرات بر جذب تابش خورشیدی، بازتابش، تعرق-تبخیر و انتقال حرارت تأثیرگذارند. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر کاربری اراضی بر دمای سطح زمین (LST) در سالهای 1989 و 2023 است. برای این منظور، تصاویر ماهوارهای لندست 5 و 8 پردازش شده و نقشههای دمای سطح زمین با استفاده از رادیانس طیفی، دمای درخشندگی، شاخصهای پوشش گیاهی و الگوریتم باند منفرد استخراج گردید. نقشههای کاربری اراضی نیز با روش طبقهبندی نظارتشده و الگوریتم حداکثر احتمال تهیه شد و دقت آنها با ضریب کاپا بهترتیب برای سالهای 1989 و 2023 برابر با 0/86 و 0/84 تأیید گردید. نتایج نشان داد میانگین دمای سطح زمین در مناطق مرکزی گیلان طی این دوره 4/66 درجة سلسیوس افزایش یافته است. همچنین، اراضی شهری و فضاهای باز گسترش یافتهاند، درحالیکه پوشش گیاهی و پهنههای آبی کاهش یافتهاند. تغییرات کاربری اراضی در ارتباط با دما نشان میدهد که کاربریهایی با دمای بیشتر (مانند اراضی شهری و فضاهای باز) افزایش و کاربریهایی با دمای کمتر (مانند پوشش گیاهی و پهنههای آبی) کاهش یافتهاند. یافتههای این پژوهش تأثیر چشمگیر تغییرات کاربری اراضی بر دمای سطح و اقلیم محلی را نشان میدهد و میتواند بهعنوان مبنایی برای برنامهریزی محیطزیستی و مدیریت پایدار شهری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دمای سطح زمین؛ سنجش از دور؛ کاربری اراضی؛ تغییرات اقلیمی؛ مراکز شهری گیلان | ||
مراجع | ||
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